研究揭示星形膠質細胞抗炎活性機制
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2021/1/7 14:51:09
美國哈佛醫學院Francisco J. Quintana團隊取得一項新突破。他們發現腸道許可的IFNγ+ NK細胞驅動LAMP1 + TRAIL +抗炎性星形膠質細胞。相關論文發表在2021年1月6日出版的《自然》雜誌上。
他們使用高通量流式細胞術篩選,單細胞RNA測序和基於CRISPR–Cas9的細胞特異性體內遺傳擾動,他們在小鼠中鑑定了表達溶酶體蛋白LAMP12和死亡受體配體TRAIL3的星形膠質細胞的一個亞群。LAMP1 + TRAIL +星形膠質細胞通過TRAIL-DR5信號傳導誘導T細胞凋亡,從而限制了中樞神經系統的炎症。
在體內平衡條件下,星形膠質細胞殺傷細胞中幹擾素-γ(IFNγ)的表達是由腸道微生物組調節的,幹擾素-γ(IFNγ)驅動星形膠質細胞中TRAIL的表達。在炎症的情況下,T細胞和小膠質細胞產生的分子抑制星形膠質細胞中的TRAIL表達。
總之,他們顯示LAMP1 + TRAIL +星形膠質細胞通過誘導T細胞凋亡來限制中樞神經系統(CNS)炎症,並且該星形膠質細胞亞群由微生物組許可的腦膜IFNγ+ NK細胞維持。
據了解,星形膠質細胞是在CNS中豐富的膠質細胞,具有重要的體內平衡和促進疾病的功能。然而,關於星形膠質細胞的穩態抗炎活性及其調節知之甚少。
附:英文原文
Title: Gut-licensed IFNγ + NK cells drive LAMP1 + TRAIL + anti-inflammatory astrocytes
Author: Liliana M. Sanmarco, Michael A. Wheeler, Cristina Gutirrez-Vzquez, Carolina Manganeli Polonio, Mathias Linnerbauer, Felipe A. Pinho-Ribeiro, Zhaorong Li, Federico Giovannoni, Katelyn V. Batterman, Giulia Scalisi, Stephanie E. J. Zandee, Evelyn S. Heck, Moneera Alsuwailm, Douglas L. Rosene, Burkhard Becher, Isaac M. Chiu, Alexandre Prat, Francisco J. Quintana
Issue&Volume: 2021-01-06
Abstract: Astrocytes are glial cells that are abundant in the central nervous system (CNS) and that have important homeostatic and disease-promoting functions1. However, little is known about the homeostatic anti-inflammatory activities of astrocytes and their regulation. Here, using high-throughput flow cytometry screening, single-cell RNA sequencing and CRISPR–Cas9-based cell-specific in vivo genetic perturbations in mice, we identify a subset of astrocytes that expresses the lysosomal protein LAMP12 and the death receptor ligand TRAIL3. LAMP1+TRAIL+ astrocytes limit inflammation in the CNS by inducing T cell apoptosis through TRAIL–DR5 signalling. In homeostatic conditions, the expression of TRAIL in astrocytes is driven by interferon-γ (IFNγ) produced by meningeal natural killer (NK) cells, in which IFNγ expression is modulated by the gut microbiome. TRAIL expression in astrocytes is repressed by molecules produced by T cells and microglia in the context of inflammation. Altogether, we show that LAMP1+TRAIL+ astrocytes limit CNS inflammation by inducing T cell apoptosis, and that this astrocyte subset is maintained by meningeal IFNγ+ NK cells that are licensed by the microbiome.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03116-4
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03116-4