本次英語語法專題我們學習「副詞的種類」，具體內容如下：
一、副詞的種類
副詞大體上可以分為下面幾類：
二、時間副詞
時間副詞分為三類：表示發生時間的副詞、表示頻繁程度的副詞和其他時間副詞。
（一）表示發生時間的副詞
Now現在
Then那時
Just now剛才
Right now此時
Right then就在那時
Right away立刻
Today今天
Before以前
Tomorrow明天
Soon很快
Ago以前
例句：I taught you to swim and nowyou'd drown me.
以怨報德。
例句：I have heard from her recently.
我最近收到了他的來信。
例句：Have you got anything on tonight?
今晚有事嗎？
（二）表示頻繁程度的副詞
Always 總是
Constantly 經常地
Continually 持續不斷地
Ever 曾經
Frequently 頻繁地
Never 從不
Regularly 定期地
Occasionally 偶爾
Often 經常
Rarely 很少地
Repeatedly 重複不斷地
Seldom 很少，不常
Sometimes 有時
Usually 通常
Now and then 時不時
例句：We do write to each other now and then,but not regularly.
我們確實偶爾通信，但不經常。
例句：The love of money and the love of learning rarelymeet.
貪財者不勤學，勤學者不貪財。
（三）其他時間副詞
Already 已經
Early 早，初期
Finally 最後
Immediately 立刻
Lately 最近
Late 晚，遲
First 首先
Long 很長時間地
Presently 目前
Shortly 不久
Since 自那以來
例句：I'll be back shortly/ presently.
我一會兒就回來。
例句：A man among children will be longa child,a child among men will be soon a man.
成人和兒童在一起童心常駐，兒童和成人在一起少年老成。
例句：When you finallygo back to your old hometown,you find it wasn't the old home you missed but your childhood.
三、地點副詞
1）表示地點和位置的副詞稱為地點副詞
Abroad在國外
Ahead在前面
Away在遠處
Ashore在岸上
Back在後面
Down在下邊
Downstairs在樓下
Downtown在市區
Eastward向東
Anywhere任何地方
Everywhere到處
Far在遠處
Here這裡
In在裡邊
Indoors在室內
There在那邊
Outdoors在戶外
Outside在外邊
Overseas在海邊
Overhead在頭頂上
Inside在裡邊
Underfoot在腳底
Upstairs在樓上
Westward向西
例句：She is upstairstalking with my parents.
她正在樓上和我父母談話。
例句：An ambassador is an honest man sent to lie abroadfor his country.
大使是被派往外國為自己的國家而說謊的誠實的人。
例句：Somewherein the world there is defeat for everyone.Some are destroyed by defeat,and some made small and mean by victory.Greatness lives in one who triumphs equally over defeat and victory.
在世界的某個地方，每個人都會有失敗。有的人因失敗所毀，有的人因成功變得小氣吝嗇。同時戰勝失敗與成功的人才是了不起的人。
2）由where構成的副詞也是地點副詞
例句：There are people who want to be everywhereat once and they seem to get nowhere.
有這樣一些人：他們想馬上去每一個地方，但看起來哪兒也沒去。
例句：If she doesn't like it here,she can go elsewhere.
如果她不喜歡這裡，她可以去別的地方。
例句：Even the weariest river winds somewheresafe to sea.
即使是最疲憊的河流，歷經曲折，也終會安然入海。
例句：Nowhere can we find this kind of plant.
任何地方都找不到這種植物。
3）還有一些與介詞同形的副詞，有人稱它們為副詞小品詞
這些副詞與介詞同形，跟賓語的為介詞，否則是副詞：
例句對比1：A cat climbed upthe tree.
貓爬上了樹。（用作介詞）
A tiny green plant knows that it must look upto live.
弱小的綠色植物也知道努力向上求生存。（用作副詞）
例句對比2：No man is above the law and no man is belowit.
沒有人能凌駕於法律之上，人不受法律保護。（用作介詞）
He who would search for pearls must dive below.
想得到珍珠的人必須潛入水底。
這類副詞主要有：
Aboard
About
Above
Across
Along
Around
Behind
Below
Beneath
Beyond
Down
In
Inside
Near
Off
On
Out
Outside
Over
Past
Round
Throughout
Underneath
Up
4）還有一些地點副詞表示地區範圍等
例句：We have no shops locally.
我們在本地沒有商店。
例句：Fortunately the news was not yet spread widely.
所幸這消息還沒有四處傳開。
例句：The theory has been universallyaccepted.
這個理論已被普遍接受。
常見的這類副詞有：
Globally
Internationally
Locally
Nationally
Nationwide
Universally
Widely
worldwide
四、方式副詞
描述事情或情況的進行方式、存在方式、情緒、動作發生的情況或其細節的副詞稱為方式副詞。方式副詞主要用來回答how提出的問題。
1）一些常見的方式副詞
例句：These countries were ruthlesslyinvaded.
這些國家遭到殘暴的侵略。
例句：They hoped to see the problem settled peacefully.
他們希望看到這問題和平解決。
例句：Men show their character in nothing more clearlythan by what they think laughable.
從一個人覺得什麼可笑最能看清楚他的個性。
例句：This means that effectivelywe have no chance of finishing on time.
這意味著我們實際上不可能準時完成。
下面是一些常見的這類副詞：
Abruptly
Accurately
Awkwardly
Badly
Beautifully
Casually
Clearly
Closely
Clumsily
Comfortably
Evenly
Explicitly
Dramatically
Effectively
Efficiently
Finely
Firmly
Fluently
Formally
Frankly
Freely
Gently
Gracefully
Hastily
Heavily
Perfectly
Plainly
Pleasantly
Politely
Poorly
Professionally
Properly
Quietly
Rapidly
Readily
Steadily
Strangely
Subtly
Superbly
Swiftly
Systematically
Tenderly
Thoroughly
Thoughtfully
Tightly
2）還有相當多的副詞，表示某些情緒
例句：I wouldn't gladlygo through that unpleasant experience again.
我再也不想領教那種令人不快的經歷了。
例句：He shook hands eagerlywith Sherlock Holmes.
他熱切地與夏洛克·福爾摩斯握手。
例句：I offered help,and she accepted gratefully.
我主動提出幫助，她感激地接受了。
下面是一些常見的這類副詞：
Angrily
Anxiously
Bitterly
Boldly
Calmly
Cheerfully
Confidently
Desperately
Eagerly
Excitedly
Furiously
Gladly
Gloomily
Gratefully
Happily
Helplessly
Hopefully
Hopelessly
Impatiently
Miserably
Nervously
Passionately
Proudly
Reluctantly
Sadly
Shyly
Sincerely
Uncomfortably
Uneasily
Wearily
3）還有一些以-ly結尾的副詞，表示動作發生的情況
例句：There is no man so bad,but he secretly respects the good.
再壞的人都會暗自敬重好人。
例句：The process was controlled automatically.
生產工序是自動控制的。
常見的這類副詞有：
Accidentally
Artificially
Automatically
Collectively
Deliberately
Directly
Duly
Illegally
Independently
Indirectly
Individually
Innocently
Instinctively
Involuntarily
Jointly
Legally
Logically
Mechanically
Naturally
Officially
Openly
Overtly
Personally
Politically
Privately
Publicly
Scientifically
Secretly
Specially
Symbolically
4）大部分方式副詞都由形容詞加-ly構成，但有少數不帶-ly結尾
例句：Laugh and the world laugh with you;weep and you weep alone.
笑，全世界和你一起笑；哭，你獨自一個人哭。
例句：She was to fly solothe next day.
第二天她將作單人飛行。
例句：Do you sell wholesaleor retail ?
你是批發還是零售？
五、程度副詞和強調副詞
（一）程度副詞
1）用來描述動作、行為或狀態的程度的副詞稱為程度副詞
例句：Truth is a fruit which should not be picked until it is quiteripe.
真理是一枚果實，應該到成熟時再採摘。
例句：He who gives himself entirelyto his fellowmen appears to them useless and selfish;but he who gives himself partially to them is pronounced a benefactor and philanthropist.
一個人如果自己毫無保留地奉獻給別人，那麼在別人眼中他常顯得無用甚至自私，而如果他只奉獻一部分的話，別人倒是覺得他慷慨大方、樂施好善。
這類副詞除修飾動詞外，還可修飾形容詞或另一副詞：
①Fairly simple相當簡單
Rather difficult相當難
Awfully sorry非常抱歉
Perfectly clear十分清楚
Highly confidential高度機密的
Quite correct完全正確
Utterly unreasonable極不合理
Truly grateful確實很感激
②Fairly smoothly相當順利地
Wonderfully well好極了
Know full(y) well完全清楚
Work quite hard工作相當努力
Run pretty fast跑得相當快
Speak exceedingly well講得極好
Act quite right做得完全對
Do it very quickly幹得很快
常見的此類副詞主要有：
Absolutely完全地
Almost幾乎
Amazingly令人驚異地
Enormously非常地
Enough充足地
Entirely完全地
Extremely極端地
Fairly相當
Fully完全地
Greatly很
Largely主要地
Little很少地
Much很，非常
Nearly幾乎
Pretty非常
Quite很，非常
Rather相當
Really的確
Slightly稍微地
Surprisingly令人驚奇地
Too太
Totally完全地
Very很
Completely徹底地
2）強調副詞和程度副詞很相近，有些就是程度副詞。它們主要對所修飾的動詞、形容詞加以強調
①I quite agree.
我完全同意。（動詞）
Thieves respect property;they merely wish the property to become their property that they may more perfectlyrespect it.
盜賊尊重財產權，他們只是希望財產能變成他們的財產，這樣他們可能更尊重這種權利。
②You're entirelywrong.
你完全錯了。（形容詞）
The food is justwonderful.
這飯菜簡直好極了。
We failed utterlyto convince them.
我們根本說服不了他們。
這類副詞主要有：
Absolutely
Completely
Entirely
Just
Outright
Perfectly
Positively
Purely
Quite
Really
Simply
Totally
Truly
Utterly
3）much是一個特殊的程度副詞，它可以
①修飾動詞（特別是用在否定句中）
例句：No one would talk muchin society if he only knew how often he misunderstood others.
一個人只要知道自己常常誤解被人，就不會到處議論人。
例句：He who loses wealth loses much;he who loses a friend loses more,but he who loses courage loses all.
失去財產的人損失很大，失去朋友的人損失更多，而失去勇氣的人則失去一切。
②修飾形容詞
例句：I'm muchobliged to you for telling me.
非常感謝你告訴了我。
例句：In many problems my opinions are much different from those of the farmers,but I must owe my own knowledge to them,and also to the men who have set up this theory at first.
在許多問題上，我和前人的意見相左，但我得到的知識應歸功於他們，也歸功於那些首先創立這一理論的人。
③和形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級連用
例句：You sing muchbetter than me.
你比我唱得好多了。
例句：That was muchthe best meal I've had for a long time.
這是我好久以來吃過的最好的一頓飯了。
例句：It is muchmore difficult to judge oneself than to judge others.
評判自己比評判別人要難得多。
④和how，so，too等詞連用
例句：How muchdo you like him ?
你喜歡他到什麼程度？
例句：I care not so muchwhat I am in the opinion of others as what I am in my own.
我不在乎別人如何評價我，我更在乎自己對自己的看法。
例句：Respect the child.Be not too muchhis parent.Trespass not on his solitude.
要尊重孩子，切莫過分以家長自居，不要侵擾自己的一方天地。
六、評論副詞
用來對主句中陳述的觀點進行評論的副詞稱為評論副詞。
例句：Hopefullywe'll win the game.
但願我們能贏。
例句：Honestly,I don't care.
老實說，我不在乎。
例句：Surprisingly,she doesn't know me.
很奇怪她不認識我。
常用的評論副詞有：
Luckily幸運
Unluckily不幸地
Happily幸福地
Unhappily不幸福地
Generally一般說來
Fortunately幸運地
Unfortunately不幸地
Innocently無辜地
Honestly誠實地說
Roughly大體上
Briefly簡潔地
Narrowly狹義上
Hopefully充滿希望地
Naturally很自然地
Broadly廣義上
Strictly嚴格說來
Roughly粗略說來
Apparently很明顯
Perhaps或許
Probably很有可能
Undoubtedly毫無疑問
七、疑問副詞
疑問副詞主要用來構成特殊疑問句。
例句：Wheredo you go to school ?
你在哪兒上學？
例句：Whenshall we meet again ?
我們什麼時候再見面？
例句：Whywere you absent from class yesterday ?
你昨天為什麼曠課？
例句：Howis your grandmother's insomnia ?
你奶奶的失眠症好了嗎？
常用的疑問副詞有：
Where
When
Why
How
Whenever
Wherever
However
八、連接副詞
連接副詞的意思和詞形都和疑問副詞一樣，但引導從句或與不定式連用。
例句：That's whywe lost the game.
那就是我們比賽失敗的原因。（引導表語從句）
例句：I don't know whereLucia works.
我不知道露西亞在哪裡工作。（引導賓語從句）
例句：Wherethere is great love,there are always miracle.
哪裡有偉大的愛，哪裡就有奇蹟。（引導主語從句）
例句：I can't decide whereto go for my holidays.
我決定不了去哪裡度假。（與不定式連用）
九、關係副詞
關係副詞主要用來引導定語從句。常用的關係副詞有：where,when,why
例句：The dictionary is the only place wheresuccess comes before work.
只有在字典裡，「成功」才會出現在「工作」之前。
例句：Spring is a time whenyouth dreams and old age remembers.
春天是青年人夢想未來和老年人緬懷過去的季節。
例句：The reason whywe think life is so ugly is that we imagine it to be too beautiful in the past.
現在覺得生活是那麼醜惡，是因為過去把它想像得太美好了。
十、句子副詞
1）有些副詞並不修飾動詞，而是整個句子，表示說話人的看法
例句：FranklyI'm afraid your mother will be a little disappointed.
坦率地說，我擔心你媽會有點失望。
例句：Seriouslynow,you ought to take more care of your health.
說真的，你應當多注意身體。
常見的這類副詞有：
Absurdly
Admittedly
Anyway
Astonishingly
Coincidently
Curiously
Fortunately
Happily
Incredibly
Interestingly
Ironically
Luckily
Miraculously
Mysteriously
Naturally
Oddly
Of course
Paradoxically
Presumably
Sadly
Significantly
Strangely
Surprisingly
Unbelievably
Understandably
Unexpectedly
unhappily
2）有少數
副詞可以和enough連用，起同樣的作用
例句：He's lived in France for years,but strangely enough he can't speak a word of French.
他在法國住了好多年，但說也奇怪，他一句法語都不會。
例句：Surprisingly enough,even petty larceny has seldom occurred.
說來也怪，連小偷小摸的事都很少發生。
十一、其他副詞
除了以上這些類型的副詞外，還有一些其他類型的副詞。
1）表示方向的副詞
例句：Walk three blocks and then turn left.
走三個路段後左轉。
例句：It is true that as we take two steps forwardin our journey,we may take one or more steps backward.But when one has faith that the spring thaw will arrive,the winters winds seem to lose some of their punch.
當我們在旅途中前進了兩步的時候，我們的確可能會後退一步或幾步。但是當我們確信春天解凍的時刻快要來了的時候，冬天的風也好像少了幾分寒意。
2）使與上文連接更緊密的副詞
例句：Nevertheless,she decided to act.
儘管如此，她決定採取行動。
例句：The rain was heavy-consequently the land was flooded.
雨下得很大，因此土地被淹了。
3）表示「方面」的副詞
例句：It's politicallyshort-sighted not to recognize this.
不認識這一點在政治上是短視的。
例句：In economicallyadvanced countries,childbearing typically begins later in life.
在經濟發達的國家，人們要孩子一般比較晚。
例句：The present is morallyopposed to capital punishment.
總統從道義上反對死刑。
4）表示上下文之間關係的副詞
Therefore因此（表結果）
Moreover再者（表補充）
Besides況且（表補充）
However不管怎樣（錶轉折）
Otherwise否則（表條件）
Then然後（表時間）
Though但是（錶轉折，用於句尾，其前有逗號隔開）
幾組同根副詞的意義比較：
Hard努力
Hardly幾乎不
Near附近
Nearly幾乎
High高
Highly高度地
Most大多數
Mostly多部分地
Deep深入地
Deeply深深地
Close靠近
Closely密切地
Late遲到
Lately最近，近來
Wide張得大大地
Widely廣泛地
另外，其他副詞還包括yes，no，certainly，surely，sure，really，how等。How可作感嘆副詞，構成感嘆句。
以上就是「副詞的種類」的內容，咱們一定要結合例句學習句法和語法，這樣更容易理解和實操英語！
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