* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，並樹立英語思維；* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註，如果需要了解Dictcom音標，請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數7.6，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
Why do most animals hate eye contact/eye locking?【譯】為什麼大多數動物討厭眼睛接觸/眼神鎖定？【單詞】animals 原型：animal ['an-uh-muhl]['nml] n. 動物【單詞】hate [heyt][het] v. 憎恨；厭惡；討厭【單詞】locking 原型：lock [lok][lk] v. 固定；鎖(住)；抓牢
Even we humans feel uncomfortable and awkward, why is this?【譯】即使是我們人類也會感到不舒服和尷尬，為什麼會這樣？【單詞】uncomfortable [uhn-'kuhmf-tuh-buhl][n'kmftbl] adj. 不舒服的；不自在的【單詞】awkward ['awk-werd]['kwd] adj. 尷尬的；笨拙的；（設計）彆扭的
It induces stress.【譯】它會引起壓力。【單詞】induces 原型：induce [in-'doos, -'dyoos][n'djus] vt. 引起；促使；勸服；引誘【單詞】stress [stres][stres] n. 壓力；強調；重音
Animals don't always hate eye contact, though.【譯】不過，動物並不總是討厭眼神交流。
Although looking an unfamiliar dog in the eye will prompt aggression, when a dog makes eye contact with their owner, they get a release of oxytocin and dopamine in the brain.【譯】儘管直視一隻不熟悉的狗的眼睛會激發其攻擊性，但當狗與主人目光接觸時，它們會在大腦中釋放催產素和多巴胺。【單詞】unfamiliar [uhn-fuh-'mil-yer][nf'mli] adj. 不熟悉的【單詞】prompt [prompt][prmpt] vt. 激起；促進；推動【單詞】aggression [uh-'gresh-uhn]['ɡren] n. 進攻；侵犯；侵害【單詞】owner ['oh-ner]['n] n. 主人，所有人；物主【單詞】release [ri-'lees][r'lis] n. 釋放【單詞】oxytocin [ok-si-'toh-suhn][ks'tsn] n. 催產素（腦下垂體後葉荷爾蒙之一種）【單詞】dopamine ['doh-puh-meen]['dpmin] n. 多巴胺(一種治腦神經病的藥物)【單詞】brain [breyn][bren] n. 腦；智力
Most mammals have a facial recognition process that at least resembles our own.【譯】大多數哺乳動物的面部識別過程至少和我們自己的相似。【短語】at least 至少；例句：At least, I asked him not to. 至少，我告訴過他不要這樣做。【單詞】mammals 原型：mammal ['mam-uhl]['mml] n. 哺乳動物【單詞】facial ['fey-shuhl]['fel] adj. 臉部的；面部的【單詞】recognition [rek-uhg-'nish-uhn][rekɡ'nn] n. 承認；認出【單詞】resembles 原型：resemble [ri-'zem-buhl][r'zembl] v. 與…相似；像
When they see a face they recognize, the brain says "friend," and they feel safe.【譯】當它們看到一張認識的臉時，大腦會說「是朋友」，它們就會感到安全。【單詞】recognize ['rek-uhg-nahyz]['rekɡnaz] vt. 承認；認出；意識到；識別【單詞】safe [seyf][sef] adj. 安全的；安然無恙的；可靠的
When they see a face they don't recognize, the brain says "stranger," and they feel threatened.【譯】當看到一張不認識的臉時，大腦會說「陌生人」，它們就會感到受到威脅。【單詞】stranger 原型：strange [streynj][strend] adj. 奇怪的；陌生的；生疏或不自在的【單詞】threatened 原型：threaten ['thret-n]['θretn] v. 威脅；恐嚇
The longer you hold their gaze, the more stressed they get, and the only way they can resolve that stress is fighting or fleeing.【譯】你盯著它們看的時間越長，它們承受的壓力就越大，它們解決壓力的唯一方法就是戰鬥或逃跑。【固定用法】the more..., the more ..., 越...，就越...；注意這裡的more可以是形容詞或副詞的比較級；例句：The more he eats, the fatter he gets. 他吃得越多，人越發胖。The more of the masses we unite with, the better. 我們聯合起來的群眾越多，就越有利。【單詞】gaze [geyz][ɡez] vi. 凝視 n. 凝視【單詞】resolve [ri-'zolv][r'zlv] vt. 解決；決定；表決；分解【單詞】fighting 原型：fight [fahyt][fat] vt. 打架；對抗 vi. 奮鬥；鬥爭；爭吵【單詞】fleeing 原型：flee [flee][fli] vi. 逃走；消失；逃避；(時間)飛逝 vt. 逃離
In addition, the more social a species is, the less likely they are to take eye contact as a sign of aggression.【譯】此外，一個物種的社會性越強，他們就越不可能把目光接觸當作侵略的標誌。【短語】in addition 另外，此外。例句：In addition, we buy you a medical insurance. 除此而外，我們給你買醫療保險。【單詞】social ['soh-shuhl]['sl] adj. 社會的；社會階層的；群居的；社交的；好交際的；合群的【單詞】species ['spee-sheez, -seez]['spiiz] n. 種類；（單復同）物種【單詞】sign [sahyn][san] n. 手勢；招牌；符號；跡象
Take as an example our two closest evolutionary cousins: chimpanzees and bonobos.【譯】以我們兩個最接近進化的近親為例：黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩。【單詞】evolutionary [ev-uh-'loo-shuh-ner-ee][iv'lunri] adj. 進化的；發展的；演變的【單詞】cousins 原型：cousin ['kuhz-uhn]['kzn] n. 堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹)【單詞】chimpanzees 原型：chimpanzee [chim-pan-'zee][tmpn'zi] n. 黑猩猩
【單詞】bonobo [buh-'noh-boh][b'nb] 倭黑猩猩
Chimps form strong social bonds within their immediate family, and weak ones with the wider tribal structure.【譯】黑猩猩在他們的直系親屬中形成了強大的社會紐帶，而弱小的黑猩猩則與更廣泛的部落結構形成了聯繫。【單詞】Chimps 原型：chimp [chimp][tmp] n. (非洲)黑猩猩 =chimpanzee.【單詞】bonds 原型：bond [bond][bnd] n.結合；協定；聯繫；情誼；黏合劑【單詞】immediate [ih-'mee-dee-it]['midit] adj. 直接的；最接近的；立即的；目前的【單詞】weak [week][wik] adj. 弱的；虛弱的；無力的；差的；淡薄的【單詞】tribal ['trahy-buhl]['trabl] adj. 部落的
Family members usually enjoy, or at least tolerate, eye contact, but if two chimps aren't closely bonded, eye contact will upset them to the point of extreme violence.【譯】家庭成員通常喜歡或至少容忍眼神交流，但如果兩隻黑猩猩沒有緊密聯繫，眼神交流會讓它們心煩意亂到極端暴力的地步。【單詞】enjoy [en-'joi][n'd] v. 享受；喜歡【單詞】tolerate ['tol-uh-reyt]['tlret] vt. 容許；忍受；容忍【單詞】closely ['klsli] adv. 緊密地；接近地；嚴密地；親近地【單詞】bonded 原型：bond [bond][bnd] vt. 使結合；為 ... 作保 vi. 連結；粘合【單詞】upset [uhp-'set][p'set] v. 打亂；使心煩【單詞】extreme [ik-'streem][k'strim] adj. 極度的；極端的【單詞】violence ['vahy-uh-luhns]['valns] n. 猛烈；暴力；暴行
Bonobos are much more sociable, forming tight bonds with one another constantly and practically at random.【譯】倭黑猩猩更善於交際，經常和幾乎隨機的彼此形成緊密的聯繫。【單詞】sociable ['soh-shuh-buhl]['sbl] adj. 好交際的；社交的【單詞】tight [tahyt][tat] adj. 緊的；緊身的；密集的；拮据的【單詞】constantly ['kon-stuhnt]['knstntli] adv. 不斷地；經常地【單詞】practically ['prak-tik-lee]['prktkli] adv. 實際上；幾乎；簡直【單詞】random ['ran-duhm]['rndm] adj. 任意的；隨機的；隨意的 n. 隨意；任意 adv. 隨機地
Their eye contact is more enjoyable, and even when it induces stress, most bonobo societies dispel that stress through sexual activity, rather than ripping eachother to pieces.【譯】他們的眼神交流更令人愉快，甚至當它引起壓力時，大多數倭黑猩猩社會通過性行為來消除這種壓力，而不是把對方撕成碎片。【短語】rather than ... 而不是..., 寧可…也不願...；例句：It is better to express your anger, rather than bottle it up. 生氣寧可發洩出來而不要悶在肚內。【單詞】enjoyable [en-'joi-uh-buhl][n'dbl] adj. 有趣的；愉快的【單詞】dispel [dih-'spel][d'spel] v. 驅散；消除【單詞】sexual ['sek-shoo-uhl]['sekul] adj. 性的；性慾的；有性生殖的；性別的【單詞】ripping 原型：rip [rip][rp] v. 撕裂；扯開
It's a dominance thing.【譯】這是一種關於支配傾向的東西。【單詞】dominance ['dom-uh-nuhns]['dmnns] n. 支配；控制；統治；優勢；【生】優勢度，顯性
If you lock eyes, it is taken as a challenge/threat.【譯】如果你閉上眼睛，就會被視為一種挑戰/威脅。
Dogs often avoid it because they recognize in some way, we are their owner.【譯】狗經常迴避它，因為它們在某種程度上認識到，我們是它們的主人。【單詞】avoid [uh-'void]['vd] vt. 避免；逃避
That's also, why you AREN'T supposed to stare down a gorilla, because then they try to punch your face in.【譯】這也是為什麼你不應該盯著一隻大猩猩，因為它會試圖打你的臉。【單詞】supposed 原型：suppose [suh-'pohz][s'pz] vt. 假設；假定；認為；想；應該；讓(虛擬語氣) 【單詞】stare [stair][ste] v. 盯著看；凝視【單詞】gorilla [guh-'ril-uh][ɡ'rl] n. 大猩猩【單詞】punch [puhnch][pnt] vt. 按(鍵)；以拳重擊；開洞
Predators lock eyes on their preys.【譯】捕食者會盯著獵物。【單詞】Predators 原型：predator ['pred-uh-ter, -tawr]['predt] n. 食肉動物；掠奪者；（動物的）捕食性天敵【單詞】preys [prey][pre] n. 犧牲者；被掠食者，獵物
Preys just look around for threats.【譯】獵物只是四處尋找威脅。【單詞】threats 原型：threat [thret][θret] n. 威脅；恐嚇；兇兆
So most animals don't like someone staring straight to them for long.【譯】所以大多數動物不喜歡有人盯著它們看太久。【單詞】staring 原型：stare [stair][ste] v. 盯著看；凝視【單詞】straight [streyt][stret] adj. 直的；連續的 adv. 直接；坦率地；連續不斷地