本次英語語法專題我們學習「主語從句」,具體內容如下:
在句中起主語作用的從句稱為主語從句。連接主語從句的連接詞主要有三類:從屬連詞,連接代詞和連接副詞。
一、that引導的狀語從句
That引導主語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有實際意義。一般情況下that不可省略。
1)that引導的主語從句置於句首
例句:Thatthe moon travels around the earth once every month is known to everyone.
眾所周知,月亮每月繞地球運行一周。
例句:Thatshe was chosen to participate in the festivals makes us very happy.
她被選中去參加慶祝活動使我們很高興。
2)形式主語it替代主語從句
That從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that從句置於句末。常見的it替代主語從句的句式主要有如下幾種:
① It+系動詞+形容詞+that從句
例句:It it likely thathe can't come to the party tonight.
他很可能不來參加今晚的聚會了。
例句:It is obvious thatyou've made a big mistake.
很明顯你犯了一個大錯。
注意!在「It is necessary/important/surprising/strange/unthinkable/unbelievable/incredible+that從句」結構中,從句謂語常用「should——動詞原形」形式,其中should可省略。
例句:It is important that a colleague student (should) learn English well.
大學生學好英語是重要的。
例句:It is necessary that you (should) remember these words.
你有必要記住這些詞。
② It+系動詞+名詞+that從句
例句:It's no secret thatthere is a lot to put up with when waiting tables,and fortunately,much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips.
站在桌邊等待顧客點菜時需要容忍很多事情,這已經不是什麼秘密了。幸運的是,當你拿到小費時,就會忘記很多的不滿。
例句:It is a pity thatyou didn't attend Mary's wedding party.
你沒參加瑪麗的婚宴真是遺憾。
例句:It's no wonder thatyou are late again.
難怪你又遲到了。
③ It+be+動詞的-ed形式+that從句
例句:It's often said thatonly the rich are getting ahead;everyone else is standing still or failing behind.
人們常說,只有富人的生活在進步,其他人的生活不是原地踏步就是落後於他人。
例句:It is reported thatno passengers were injured in the accident.
據報導在事故中沒有乘客受傷。
注意!在「It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required/insisted/required/demanded+that從句」結構中,that從句應用「should+動詞原形」,should也可省略。
例句:It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
這次會議應該推遲召開。
例句:It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in half an hour.
我們必須在半個小時內到達那裡。
④ It+特殊助詞+that從句
例句:It seemsto me that you don't like the idea.
在我看來,你好像不喜歡這個主意。
例句:Itreally matters that you have won the game.
你們贏了這場比賽,這的確很關鍵。
例句:It turns out thateverything goes well.
結果是一切順利。
二、whether引導的狀語從句
Whether引導的主語從句可置於句首,if一般不引導主語從句。
例句:Whetherhe can finish his task on time is of great importance.
他是否能按時完成任務非常重要。
例句:Whetherwe will build another lecture building has not been decided.
我們是否要建另一幢教學樓還沒有決定。
三、wh-類連接詞引導的狀語從句
Wh-類連接詞包括wh-類的連接代詞(who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever等)和連接副詞(when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等)。What也可不表示疑問,表示「......的事、話、東西」等。
Wh-類連接代詞或連接副詞引導的主語從句可放於句首也可放於句尾,放於句尾需要用形式主語替代wh-從句。
例句:Whatis taught (and how) in this first encounter will largely determine an individual's view of the subject in adult life.
人們在這一時期接受的教育內容和教育方式將會在很大程度上決定一個人在成年生活中對待事物的看法。
例句:Howthey will solve this serious problem has not been decided.
他們將怎樣解決這個嚴重問題還沒有決定。
例句:Whyhe did that wasn't quite clear.
他為什麼做那件事還不十分清楚。
例句:Wholistens to wisdom will live in safety.
誰能聽進智言,誰就會平安無恙。
以上就是「主語從句」的內容,咱們一定要結合例句學習句法和語法,這樣更容易理解和實操英語!
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