We ignore so much stuff 大腦的自我選擇

2020-12-06 唐春Charles聊英語

Have you ever found yourself speaking to someone at length only to realize they haven’t heard a single thing you』ve said? As remarkable as our ability to see or hear is our capacity to disregard.

This capacity, along with the inherent need to pay attention to something at any given moment, has dictated the development of the attention industries.

We ignore so much stuff for a simple reason: if we didn’t, we』d quickly be overwhelmed, our brains flooded until they seized up.

Depending on the kind of information, it takes our brains some amount of time to process it, and when we are presented with too much at once we begin to panic, like a waiter who has too many orders shouted at him at once.

Have you ever found yourself speaking to someone at length

at length,字面意思是「長時間、長篇幅地」,生活當中表示「詳細地」,也就是「長篇大論地」。這裡也就是說:你是否曾經發現自己對某個人長篇大論

然後是一個轉折句:

only to realize僅僅發現

only to do,表示「僅僅……」,我們也可以理解成「然而……、不料卻……」。發現什麼呢?

they haven’t heard a single thing you』ve said? 你說的話他們一點也沒聽到?

為什麼會有這種現象呢?

As remarkable as our ability to see or hear正如我們非凡的視聽能力一樣

is our capacity to disregard.是我們忽視的能力。

語序調整一下:Our ability to see or hear is as remarkable as our capacity to disregard.也就是說:人類具有非凡的視力和聽力,但是忽視的能力也同樣非比尋常。

ability和capacity都表示「能力」,不過capacity更突出的是「容量大小」,也就是「負載能力」,這裡也就是說:人的大腦裡對於忽視信息的負載能力也很強。

This capacity,這種能力,

along with the inherent need 連同這種內在需求

什麼需求呢?然後是一個動詞不定式引導的後置定語:

to pay attention to something at any given moment,在任何特定的時刻都去關注某件事(的需求),

has dictated the development of the attention industries.

dictate作動詞可以表示「命令、支配、擺布」,它的名詞就是dictator(獨裁者)。這裡也就是說:支配著注意力產業的發展。

這種(忽視)能力與任何特定時刻都需要注意某些事物的內在需求,支配著注意力行業的發展。

We ignore so much stuff for a simple reason: 我們忽視這麼多的東西是因為一個簡單的原因:

然後是一個虛擬語氣表示假設的句子,所以從時態上都是過去式:

if we didn’t, we』d quickly be overwhelmed, 如果我們沒有(忽視),我們很快就會被淹沒,

our brains flooded 我們的大腦大量湧入(信息),

until they seized up. 直到它們停止工作。

這裡的our brains flooded還原完整是our brains would be flooded,也是虛擬語氣。同時,seize作動詞表示「抓住」;up作介詞除了可以表示「在上面」,也可以表示「到頂、到頭」,也就是「完全」的意思。這裡的seize up指的是「全部都抓住」,突出的是一種「塞滿、堵塞」的狀態,可以表示機器「停止工作、失靈」。整句話也就是說:如果我們什麼事情都留意,我們的大腦就會因為信息負荷太大而停止工作。

Depending on the kind of information,

depend on sth.,表示「依賴、取決於某事」。這裡是說:取決於信息的類型,

it takes our brains some amount of time to process it, 大腦處理這類信息需要一部分時間,

也就是說:大腦處理信息所需要的時間取決於信息類型。

and when we are presented with too much at once

present作名詞表示「禮物」,作動詞讀作[przent],表示「給別人東西」,也就是「提出、贈送」之類的含義。這裡的we are presented是被動語態,表示「我們被給予」。按照漢語的邏輯,這裡我們可以理解成:當我們在同一時間面對太多(信息)的時候

we begin to panic, 我們就開始恐慌,

like a waiter 就像一個服務員

什麼樣的服務員呢?

who has too many orders shouted at him at once. 在同一時間有太多人喊著讓他去點菜(的服務員)。

have sth. done,表示「讓某人做某事」,比如說have my hair cut,就是「讓人幫我剪頭髮」。這裡的has too many orders shouted at him,指的就是「有太多人朝他喊著讓他去點菜」。

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