英語語法專題:形容詞的基本用法

形容詞的基本用法整理如下，大家記得收藏起來，後面經常翻看和識記這些用法，達到熟練運用。

作定語

1）大部分形容詞都可作定語，也可作表語，但有一部分形容詞只能用作定語，不能用作表語

① 許多類屬形容詞只能用作定語

Atomic

Bridal

Cardiac

Countless

Cubic

Digital

East

Eastern

Eventual

Existing

Federal

Indoor

Institutional

Introductory

Judicial

Lone

Maximum

Nationwide

Neighbouring

North

Northern

Occasional

Orchestral

Outdoor

Phonetic

Remedial

Reproductive

South

Southern

Supplementary

Underlying

West

Western

Woolen

② 也有少數品質形容詞只能用作定語

Belated 遲到的

Checkered 多變的

Commanding 發號施令的

Fateful 宿命的

Flagrant 臭名遠揚的

Thankless 忘恩負義的

Scant 貧乏的

Unenviable 不值得羨慕的

強調形容詞都用作定語，顏色形容詞在多數情況下都用作定語。

2）一些形容詞通常用作表語，但在個別情況下可用作定語

Sure: Those black clouds are a sure sign of rain.

Glad: Where were you when you received the glad news ?

Sorry: His triumph seemed a sorry one.

Fond: Marie still had fond of memories of their time together.

Ill: He had to resign due to ill health.

Ready: A kind man gives ready help to children.

作補語

1）很多形容詞可作賓語的補語，特別是能作表語的形容詞一般都可用來構成複合賓語

Ill: I found her ill with influenza.

Ready: We must get the house ready for the new tenants.

澳洲民房

Alive: Plays need the sound of human voices to bring them to alive.

Alone: We should leave her alone for a moment.

Well: I hope to see you well soon.

Unable: I found myself unable to reach the lifeboat.

2）有些形容詞還可作主語的補語

He died young.

Don’t marry young.

The bottle was found empty.

She came home sick.

作狀語

形容詞作狀語的情況也很常見，很多情況下可引導一個短語

Ripe,these apples were sweet.

Overjoyed,she dashed out of the house.

He’s come back to his hometown full of grand resolutions.

He spent seven days in the wind and snow,cold and hungry.

大雪

Anxious for a quick decision,the chairman called for a vote.

They like living in a village,free of crowds and noise.

作表語

1）一些形容詞，特別是以a-開頭的形容詞，一般在句中只用作表語

I didn’t tell her because I was afraidof upsetting her.

They were unableto finish the task.

I always fall asleepwhen watching TV.

Several students were ill.

2）有些形容詞在用作表語時，後面常跟一個由to引導的短語

Her eyes quickly became accustomed tothe dark.

This type of flu isresistant toantibiotics.

3）有些形容詞作表語時後面跟of引導的短語

Fever may be indicative ofan infection.

Mindful ofthe guide’s warning,they returned before dark.

4）還有不少形容詞可用作表語，後面可跟其他介詞

She seems to be sadly lacking intact.

Intentupon her work,she ignored the cold.

5）有些作表語的形容詞後常跟不定式或由that引導的從句

① Marx’s theory was that capitalist economies are doomedto collapse.

The car is liable to overheat on long trips.

He is physically fit to be an astronaut.

② She is confidentthat next year’s profits will be higher.

I’m surprisedI didn’t see the trick.

I’m so happythat you could visit us.

作主語

形容詞作可以作主語，往往成對使用，具有名詞化的特點。

Good and evilwill have their karmic retribution when their time comes.

Black and white are opposite.

形容詞還可用作賓語。例如：

They can’t tell goodfrom bad.

Students should be taught to know fromrightto wrong.

作感嘆語

一些形容詞可用作感嘆語，表示某種情緒。

Strange ! Where is my pen ?

Wonderful ! Can you play another song for us ?

形容詞的其他用法

1）一些形容詞作定語與作表語意義不同

一些形容詞作定語與作表語意義不同

2）除了聯繫動詞be後可跟形容詞之外，還有一些連繫動詞後也可以接形容詞作表語

Become 變得

Get 變得

Go 變得

Feel 感覺

Look 看起來

Seem 看起來

Appear 顯得

Sound 聽起來

Smell 聞起來

Taste 嘗起來

Turn 變得

Grow 變得

Remain 保持

Stay 停留，保持

Keep 保持

2）某些形容詞加上定冠詞the就相當於名詞，指一類人或事物

The old 老人

The rich 富人

The sick 病人

The new 新鮮事物

The blind 盲人

The wounded 傷員

The poor 窮人

The young 年輕人

形容詞的基本用法整理如上，大家一定要經常識記這些使用法則，達到熟練應用。

後面有更多英語專題內容分享給大家，感興趣的朋友可以點擊「關注」。

歡迎各位留言討論，或者收藏，或者轉發給身邊的親朋好友，大家一起學習、共同進步。