適合家庭養龜的技巧與攻略

在一般人眼裡，可能覺得養龜是一個很簡單的活兒。其實不然，不管是在養龜前還是養龜後都是要做很多工作的。飼養龜雖不如養鳥那樣繁瑣，但也必須懂得飼養龜的一些必需的常識，就拿養龜前所要做的準備工作來說吧，你需要對它的飼養地、養殖必需品、飼料等進行準備。

露臺

1.飼養場地的選擇

在人工飼養下，許多龜行動表現比較躁。飼養的合理設施和隱蔽的生活空間，可減少這些影響。陸生龜的龜，一般要求水平方向大些。許多陸生龜需要隱蔽的空間，可設置盒子、樹樁、石塊或其它設施。飼養龜可在室外建池，也可在室內利用洗浴缸或玻璃缸飼養。室外建池的優點是面積大，空氣清新，陽光充沛，儘可能得到與野外相似的自然條件，適宜飼養200克左右的龜。室內飼養，面積有限，龜爬動受到約束，陽光和空氣不如室外，不利於它的生長。但設備體積小，形狀自選，美觀，可增添室內氣氛。

一般重100克左右的龜，其活動面積僅為0.5平方米，池的高度可按飼養龜體長的2-3倍來設計。池壁四周光滑，防止龜逃跑，若池的高度不夠，可在池的四周邊緣加固翻簷鐵絲網。池內的布置，對某些龜可在離箱底20cm玻璃牆上漆上濃密的黑邊，這樣會使它們覺得更安全。龜籠的底襯可以放上沙子、盆栽土和樹葉，對許多龜來說這都是合適的墊料。許多海龜能養在沙礫和水泥的混合物的墊料上。龜的水生和陸生的環境應當能夠拆卸，至少每6個月消毒一次。

作為觀賞型龜飼養，一般可採用金缸、陶缸、瓷缸等。直徑為20釐米，高15釐米的器皿中，飼養2-3隻100克左右的龜較宜。飼養多了，水質易汙染，且易發生爭食現象。如果是同時飼養好幾隻龜，應設幾個取暖、採食、飲水的地點，而且各點之間最好是都在龜的視線之外。這樣可以避免過度擁擠，減少爭食，搶水或取暖位置等現象。對於平胸龜來說，只能一缸養一隻，以防互相咬鬥，引起外傷。龜並不是長期生活在水中，它時常需要爬上陸地，因此，在缸內置些石塊，以便龜自由攀登。

鑽紋龜

2.養龜必需品

(1)網兜：可用紗布或尼龍布做成圓形或長方形的兜。用來日常打撈龜糞便和吃剩的殘餌。

(2)塑料管：準備一根長1米左右，直徑為0.5-1釐米的塑料管，用來抽吸缸底汙物等。

(3)溫度計、水溫表：玻璃儀器商店有售，一般購0-50°C範圍內的水溫表，用作測量水溫和氣溫。

(4)衛生刷：家用清洗衛生間的球形帶柄刷，用來清洗水池和飼養缸。

(5)消毒液：可用20PPM濃度的高錳酸鉀或適當濃度的"84"消毒液。

(6)飼料盆：可用飯盒蓋或其它陶瓷淺盆代替。

(7)飲水器：由於陸龜不能長期生活在水中，故應配置飲水盆一隻，一般可採用陶瓷淺水盆，高0.5釐米左右為宜。

黃緣龜

3.飼料的選擇

飼料是龜的營養源泉。龜為了維持其生命活動，必須從體外攝取各種必需的營養物質，以保證新陳代謝的正常進行。因此，合理、經濟地利用各種飼料，是保證龜正常地生長、發育、繁殖及存活的物質基礎。所以說，選擇龜飼料尤為重要。飼料按其來源，一般可分為動物性、植物性、礦物性三種飼料。

1.動物性飼料

包括肉類、魚類、蝦類和家禽的內臟等，以及其它活的動物。龜喜愛食瘦豬肉、魚肉、蝦肉和家禽的內臟等。餵前應將硬的外殼、頭、刺等鋒利物剔除乾淨，以防劃破龜的口腔、食管或腸胃。此外，按龜體型大小，將食物切成條、塊狀。因為過大的食物塊，一不利於入口，二不利於龜消化。

2.植物性飼料

包括各種蔬菜、瓜果、草類等。植物含豐富的多種維生素，是龜不可缺少的營養物質。但不是所有的植物龜都能吃。如梨、山芋等龜不愛吃。龜一般喜歡吃蘋果、香蕉 、蕃茄、青菜葉、浮萍等。投餵食物前，應將食物洗淨並進行消毒方可投喂。蘋果、蕃茄等應切成小塊狀或小片形，便於龜啃咬。

3.礦物性飼料

近幾年，由於龜養殖業的興起，一些動物飼料廠採用骨粉、魚粉、微量元素混合劑等研製出專供龜食用的混合餌料。這類混合飼料營養元素較豐富，長期投喂，不會引起營養不良疾病。從飼料廠購買的混合飼料，必須經過加工才能投喂。投餵前，用水和植物油將粉狀的飼料製成顆粒狀，然後直接投入水中，初次投餵時，需觀察龜的吃食情況。殘剩的餌料應立即撈淨，否則2-3小時後餌料溶化散開汙染水質。

最後需注意：

給予適當的環境，給予天然、新鮮的食物，定期健康檢查、定期驅蟲，小心新進烏龜的傳染病，養成及早就醫的習慣。

以下是英文版：

In the eyes of the ordinary people, it may be that a turtle is a very simple job. In fact, no matter whether it is before the turtles or the turtles, it is necessary to do a lot of work. Turtle feeding is not as cumbersome but also birds, must understand some necessary knowledge of breeding turtles, take the turtle before work to do to prepare for it, you need to feed, breeding, feed and other necessities for its preparation.

1. selection of breeding grounds

Under artificial rearing, many tortoises are more impatient. Rearing reasonable facilities and hidden living space can reduce these effects. Turtles of terrestrial turtles usually require a larger level of direction. Many land turtles need concealed space to set boxes, stump, stone, or other facilities. The rearing turtles can be built outside the pool and can also be kept in a bath or glass cylinder in the room.

The advantages of the outdoor pool are large area, fresh air, and abundant sunshine, as far as possible to get the natural conditions similar to the field, suitable for raising about 200 grams of tortoises.

Indoors, the tortoise crawled area is limited, constrained, sunlight and air than outdoor, is not conducive to its growth. But the equipment is small, the shape is selected and beautiful, it can add the indoor atmosphere. The tortoise, which weighs about 100 grams, is only 0.5 square meters in area, and the height of the pool can be designed according to the 2-3 times the length of the rearing tortoise.The wall is smooth around the wall to prevent the tortoise from running away. If the height of the pool is not enough, the iron wire can be reinforced around the edge of the pool.

The pool arrangement of some turtles from the black side of the 20cm thick glass wall paint, this will make them feel safer. The bottom lining of the tortoise cage can be placed in sand, potted soil and leaves. For many turtles it is a suitable cushion. Many turtles can be kept on the pads of a mixture of gravel and cement. The aquatic and terrestrial environment of the tortoise should be dismantled, at least once every 6 months.

As ornamental turtle feeding, the general use of gold cylinder, ceramic jar, porcelain jar etc.. In a vessel with a diameter of 20 centimeters and 15 centimeters high, it is better to raise 2-3 100 grams of tortoises. Breeding, water pollution, and prone to the phenomenon. If a few tortoises are raised at the same time, there should be several locations for heating, feeding and drinking, and the best between the points is out of sight of the tortoise.

This can avoid overcrowding, reduce competition, grab water or heating position phenomenon. The turtle, one can only keep a cylinder, to prevent biting each other, caused by trauma. The tortoise does not live in the water for a long time. It often needs to climb up the land, so there are some stones in the cylinder so that the tortoise can climb freely.

2. the necessities of the Turtles

(1): net bag with gauze or nylon cloth made of round or rectangular pocket. It is used for daily salvage of tortoise manure and leftover bait.

(2) plastic pipe: prepare a plastic tube with a length of about 1 meters long and 0.5-1 cm in diameter, used to suck the dirt at the bottom of the cylinder and so on.

(3) thermometer, water temperature meter: the glass instrument store is available, generally purchase the water temperature meter within the range of 0-50 C, used for measuring the temperature and temperature of water.

(4) sanitary brush: the spherical handle brush of household cleaning toilet is used to clean the pool and feed cylinder.

(5) disinfectant: available 20PPM concentration of Potassium Permanganate or the appropriate concentration of "84 disinfectant solution".

(6) feed basin: can be replaced by the lid of a lunch box or other pottery and pottery.

(7) water dispenser: because tortoises cannot long live in the water, it should be a water basin configuration, the general use of ceramic shallow water basin is about 0.5 cm high.

3. selection of feed

Feed is the nourishment source of the tortoise. In order to maintain its life activities, the tortoise must take all the necessary nutrients from the body in order to ensure the normal metabolism. Therefore, the rational and economical use of all kinds of feed is the material basis to ensure the normal growth, development, reproduction and survival of the tortoise. So it's particularly important to choose a turtle feed. Feed, according to its source, can be divided into three kinds of feed, which are animal, plant and mineral.

1 animal feed

Including meat, fish, shrimp and poultry offal, and other living animal. The tortoise likes to eat thin pork, fish, shrimp, and the internal organs of poultry. The hard shell, head and spines should be removed before feeding, so as to prevent the tortoise from breaking the mouth, esophagus or stomach. In addition, cut the food into strips and blocks according to the size of the tortoise. Because of a large food block, one is not conducive to the entrance, two is not conducive to the digestion of the tortoise.

2. plant feed

It includes all kinds of vegetables, melon and fruit, grass and so on. Plants are rich in a variety of vitamins, which are indispensable nutrients for the tortoise. But not all the plant turtles can eat.

Such as pears, sweet potatoes and other tortoises do not like to eat. The turtle generally likes to eat apples, bananas, tomatoes, leaves of green vegetables, duckweed and so on. Before feeding the food, the food should be cleaned and the disinfectant can be fed. Apple, tomato and so on should be cut into small pieces or small slices to facilitate the gnawing of the turtles.

3. mineral feed

In recent years, due to the rise of turtle aquaculture, bone meal, fish meal, trace elements mixture is developed by mixed bait for the turtle to adopt some edible animal feed factory. This kind of mixed feed is rich in nutrient elements. Long term feeding will not cause malnutrition.

The mixed feed purchased from the feed plant must be processed to feed. Before feeding, the use of water and vegetable oil to make the powdery feed granulated, and then directly into the water, when the first feeding, it is necessary to observe the eating situation of the tortoise. The remaining bait should be cleaned immediately, otherwise the bait will dissolve and disperse the polluted water after 2-3 hours.