【2004年前言】:
筒子樓是中國上個世紀五十年代開展大規模經濟建設初期時代的產物。在中國人民艱苦奮鬥的年代裡,許多城市裡都建有這種簡易筒子樓房,每層樓中間是長長的通道,兩旁是沒有廚房和衛生間的狹小住室。隨著時代的前進,筒子樓已經越來越少,取而代之是越來越多的高樓大廈。
The tube-shaped apartments are the products of the 1950s when China's large-scale economic development began. In those hard-struggling years, these kind of simple apartments were built in many Chinese cities. On each floor of the apartments, there is a long corridor in the middle; on both sides, there are small rooms that have no kitchen and toilet. With the development of Chinese cities, the tube-shaped apartments are becoming less and less, and more skyscrapers are replacing them.
我也曾在筒子樓裡居住過。狹長昏暗的樓道、一間間鳥籠似的小屋和過道、公用廚房裡鍋碗瓢盆的碰撞聲,共同構成了日常家庭生活的主旋律。在陰暗、簡陋的筒子樓裡,在嗆人的油煙氣味中,令人飽嘗了生活的真實滋味。
I had lived in tube-shaped apartments myself. The dim, long, narrow stairs and corridors, the cage-like rooms, the colliding sounds of kitchen apparatus in the shared kitchens all make up the theme of daily life. In the gloomy and simple apartments with choky smokes, you can taste the real flavor of life.
我雖然已住進寬敞明亮的單元房,但筒子樓裡的生活,在我的記憶中印象實在是太深刻了,是忘卻不了的。
Although I have moved to a comfortable new apartment with kitchen and toilet, my life in tube-shaped apartments is too impressive to forget.
從2002年開始,我用相機記錄了我曾住過的筒子樓,拍攝朋友、同事在筒子樓裡的家,記錄筒子樓裡住戶的生存狀況,力爭為後人留下一個可視的筒子樓居住生活方式的影像。
Since 2002, I have recorded with my camera the tube-shaped apartment that I had lived, the homes of my friends and colleagues, and their living conditions, trying to leave some pictures of their lives in tube-shaped apartments.
應該讓人們記住,今天的生活是怎樣由昨天的生活轉變過來的。
I just want to help people remember how today's life has come from that of yesterday's.
2004年7月 於洛陽
July, 2004, Luoyang
01、筒子樓大都建於中國大規模經濟建設初期的20世紀五十年代,比當時一般平房雜院裡的居住條件要好。筒子樓先是用來當作單位的辦公場所和職工的集體宿舍,後來隨著城市經濟的發展和人口的增加,則成了一部分城市居民的家庭住房。
Most of the tube-shaped apartments were built in the 1950s when China's large-scale economic development began. Their living conditions were better than those of the single-story homes. At first, they were used as offices and dormitories of working units; later they became homes of some city residents as the city economy had progressed and the population increased.
02-03、筒子樓裡有一條長長的過道和公用水房,每戶的住室面積狹小,分布在昏暗的過道兩旁。住室裡沒有廚房、衛生間等家庭生活設施,於是住戶們就把門口的過道和公共水房當作做飯和儲物的地方。
The tube-shaped apartment has a long corridor and a public water room. The room for each household is very small and sits on both sides of the corridor. There is no kitchen and toilet in the homes, so the residents use the corridor and public water room as their kitchen and storeroom.
04、過道是筒子樓居民生活的場所,稍寬一些的過道便被用來擺放自行車。住戶們為著做飯、涮洗等家務活,每天都要在過道裡走來走去。
The corridor of tube-shaped apartment is residents' living place. The wider ones are used to keep bikes. For housework like cooking and washing, the residents come and go in the corridor every day.
05、進入筒子樓裡,昏暗的樓道讓人的眼睛一下子難已適應,一不小心就可能會碰倒擺放在樓道裡的自行車和其他家什。
When you enter a tube-shaped apartment, your eyes just can not adapt to the dim corridor; you might hit the bikes or other furniture if you are not careful.
06、城市裡許多人成家立業都是從筒子樓裡開始的,在這裡建立自己的小天地,開始了瑣碎平凡的家庭生活。有些人甚至在筒子樓裡居住了一、二十年。
Many city residents establish their family and career in the tube-shaped apartments, beginning their trivial daily lives. Some have lived for 10 or even 20 years.
07、有些老年人也住在筒子樓裡。
Some elderly people also live in the tube-shaped apartments.
08、人們下班後回到筒子樓,就開始在自家門前的過道裡做飯。有些筒子樓過道狹窄,但住戶們都能相互體諒、彼此謙讓。
When people come back from work, they begin to cook in the corridor in front of their rooms. Some corridors are very narrow, but residents are very friendly and considerate.
09、近年來,城市裡興起了寵物熱,筒子樓裡的住戶裡也有一些人家養起了寵物。
In recent years, there comes a pet fever in cities. Some residents in tube-shaped apartments also have their pets.
10、住戶們每天都要在走廊上見面,張家長李家短的閒聊也成了筒子樓生活的一部分。
The residents meet each other in the corridor every day; chatting also becomes part of their lives in tube-shaped apartments.
11、居住的一間房子面積小,孩子們只好在走廊上玩耍。
The room for each family is very small, so the children have to play in the corridor.
12、孩子一出生,就隨父母住在筒子樓裡,並在這裡一天天長大。
Since they were born, children have lived with their parents in the tube-shaped apartments and grow up here.
13、筒子樓每一層只有一個公用衛生間。
There is only one public toilet on each floor in the tube-shaped apartments.
14、不少住戶在住室之外的公用水房和樓道用電燒水做飯。
Many residents cook meals and boil water with electricity in the corridor and public water room.
15、筒子樓裡鄰裡之間都很熟悉,幹家務活也都互相幫助。
The residents are very familiar with each other; they help each other with housework.
16、過道是住在筒子樓裡的孩子們玩耍成長的地方。
The corridor is the place to play and grow for children.
17、在筒子樓裡度過童年時光的孩子們。
The children that spent their childhood in the tube-shaped apartments.
18、狹小居室裡擠放著買來的電腦,要讓孩子跟上資訊時代的步伐。
Parents insert a computer in their small and crowded room, so their child can keep pace with the information age.
19、筒子樓裡公用廚房一角成了這位喜歡舞蹈小女孩的練功房。
One corner in public kitchen becomes a girl's training place for dancing.
20、年輕的媽媽抱著孩子做著飯,是筒子樓裡常見的生活場景。
A young mother is holding her child while cooking---- a common scene in tube-shaped apartments.
21、有些筒子樓裡如果有多餘的房間,通常會被好幾戶人家當成共用廚房。
If there is an extra room in the tube-shaped apartment, it is usually used as a public kitchen by several families.
22、用不上公共廚房的住戶,就在住室內做飯。
Those who cannot use the public kitchen cook meals in their rooms.
23、傍晚時候的過道裡,經常擠滿了玩耍的孩子,做飯的大人們必須格外小心。
When the nightfall comes, the corridor is often crowded with children, so the adults who do the cooking must be very careful.
24、樓梯也時常是孩子們玩耍的地方。
The stairs is also the place for children to play.
25、公共水房裡的下水管道經常阻塞,汙水橫流是筒子樓住戶們最頭痛的事。
The drainpipe in public water room is often blocked; the sewage floating everywhere is residents' headache.
26、沒有公用廚房的筒子樓裡,住戶們只能在樓道裡做飯,夾雜著油煙的飯菜氣味和人們的聊天聲,每天都在過道裡迷漫。
For those tube-shaped apartments that have no public kitchens, the residents have to cook in the corridor. The flavors of dishes with smoke and the sound of chatting fill the corridor every day.
27、筒子樓的住室面積小,存放的東西多,許多人家都只好用簡易桌子當飯桌。
With a lot of things packed into the small rooms, many families have to use a simple table as their dining table.
28、生活在筒子樓裡的每一戶人家,都在自家門口的過道裡有一片屬於自己的「領地」,用來擺放雜物和做飯,成為日常居家生活的場所。
Each family in the tube-shaped apartments has its "territory" in the corridor before their room; they use it for cooking and keeping things, making it a place for daily life.
29、孩子們從小在筒子樓裡一起長大,串門玩耍也是小夥伴們童年生活的一部分。
Children grow up together in the tube-shaped apartment, so dropping in other rooms to play is part of their childhood.
30、傍晚下班後,丈夫們忙著做飯,妻子們抱著孩子聚在走廊裡聊天。
After work in the nightfall, husbands are busy at cooking and wives are chatting in the corridor while holding their child.
31、筒子樓裡每一層的公用水房是大人們洗衣、淘米、洗菜的地方,也是小孩玩水的地方。
The public water room on each floor is the place for adults to washing (clothes, rice, vegetables, etc.) and also the place for children to play with water.
32、在筒子樓裡住久了,性情也很平和了。
When people have lived in the tube-shaped apartments for a long time, their temper becomes milder. (Hung on the wall, it is a Chinese handwriting, saying "Be happier!")
33、雖然住在設施簡樸的筒子樓裡,還是嚮往著美好的生活。
Although people live in the simple tube-shaped apartments, they still hope for the good life in the future.
34、擁擠的公用廚房裡,兩個女孩在為小貓洗澡。
In the crowded public kitchen, two girls are washing a kitty.
35、住室面積太小,只能把不常用的家什掛到牆上。
The rooms are too small; those things that are not often used have to be hung on the wall.
36、稍微寬綽的共用水房裡也經常擺放著住戶們的自行車。
Bikes are often put in the public water room if it is a little bit spacious.
37、當筒子樓的住戶們下班回來以後,樓門口總是擠滿了各式各樣的自行車。
The entrance of a tube-shaped apartment is always crowded with all kinds of bikes when residents come back from work.
38-39、住在筒子樓裡一間房裡的一戶人家。
A family in a room of a tube-shaped apartment.
40、筒子樓水房的窗戶上,白天擺放著住戶家中的尿桶,到夜晚這些用具才會被拿回屋裡。
The residents put their chamber pots on the water room window in the daytime and take them to their rooms at night.
【後記】
這是一組2004年出版的影集,做為河南攝影百家系列叢書,由中國攝影出版社出版。
此書出版頗費周折。本來我是打算選一組有關河南鄉村題材的圖片出版,時任河南省攝影協會主席於德水、國內著名攝影評論家陳曉琦和著名攝影藝術家姜健三位老師勸我出版《筒子樓》,我卻不願。三位老師見我顧慮重重,也不堅持了他們意見了,他們親自為我選圖並編排好,起名《鄉村偶記》(稍後會發表)。
洛陽攝影好友、現在是著名藝術家王豫明先生偶然與李媚老師聊起我將出攝影畫冊之事。李媚老師力主勸我打消顧慮,先不要出版《鄉村偶記》,一定要出版《筒子樓》。李媚老師曾是《現代攝影》、《焦點》雜誌主編、中國著名攝影活動家和策展人。
為此,我專程去了北京,見到李媚老師,她親自為我編排了《筒子樓》圖片,並建議我用中英文出版。
回到洛陽後,我立刻編寫文字,請洛玻集團陳永漢老先生為我的文字潤色,又委託劉俐女士(此劉俐非彼劉麗)請張天光先生幫我翻譯成英文。
此組照片曾參加2003 年平遙國際攝影展、參加法國文化部2008年在巴黎舉辦的《 夢想中國 現實中國》和《中國當代建築展》。
廣東美術館2003年收藏《筒子樓》專集中作品兩幅,河南博物院2005年收藏四幅。
在此,一併感謝李媚、於德水、姜健、陳曉琦老師和王豫明好友、陳永漢先生、劉俐女士、張天光先生,感謝圖片中眾多我熟悉的同事和朋友們,感謝所有幫助我的朋友們。
賣雲彩的 2020年4月16日於洛陽