2020年12月25日，
京領榜單發布會暨諾獎創新論壇發布了
《2020中國國際學校競爭力排行榜》
《2020中國國際化學校品牌價值百強榜》
《2020中國國際學校創新競爭力百強榜》
並且共邀請了五位主旨演講嘉賓：諾貝爾經濟學獎得主、哈佛大學校級教授馬斯金教授；北京一零一中（教育集團）校長、國家督學陸雲泉；劍橋大學終身正教授、院士卡德維爾教授；諾貝爾物理學獎得主巴裡什教授；諾貝爾諾貝爾生理或醫學獎得主謝克曼教授參與京領榜單發布會暨諾獎創新論壇，並在與會嘉賓共同見證下重磅發布2020中國國際學校系列排行榜。
諾貝爾物理學獎得主、美國國家科學院院士、美國藝術與科學院院士
巴裡·巴裡什(Barry Clark Barish)
受邀在京領榜單發布會暨諾獎創新論壇上
發表了精彩演講。
嘉賓介紹
巴裡什教授
諾貝爾物理學獎得主
美國國家科學院院士
美國藝術與科學院院士
巴裡什教授是世界最偉大的科學家之一，「引力波」之父，量子醫學的劃時代奠基人，美國加州理工學院榮休教授。他是引力波領域的專家，被「世界科學節」授予「站在巨人肩膀上的物理學泰鬥」。
2017年，「因對LIGO探測器及引力波探測的決定性貢獻」而與萊納·魏斯及基普·索恩共同獲得諾貝爾物理學獎。他的遠見卓識發揮了關鍵性領導作用，直接驗證愛因斯坦對引力波的 100 年的預言，並開創了引力波天文學的新領域。
巴裡什教授還曾當選美國藝術與科學院、美國國家科學院、美國國家科學基金會理事會、美國物理學會以及美國科學促進會成員。他的代表性獎項還包括：克洛普斯特格獎、恩裡科·費米獎、亨利·德雷伯獎章、歐洲物理學會頒發的朱塞佩與萬那·科科尼獎。
巴裡什教授作為諾貝爾物理學獎得主、美國國家科學院院士、美國藝術與科學院院士，在本次論壇中進行了深刻的發言。巴裡什教授的發言發人深省，他以自己的親身經歷揭示了——「好奇心是創新的源泉」，生動闡釋了創新人才培養的本質。
在此新年到來之際，京領獨家放送巴裡什教授的精彩演講，以饗讀者。
以下是巴裡什教授的演講內容：
01
大家好，我是Barry Barrish。首先歡迎大家來到京領榜單發布會暨諾獎創新論壇。很高興很可以見到那麼多中國學生和家長。
我先介紹我自己，以及我從像你們這麼大的青少年成長到現在的經歷。
首先，我是誰呢？我是一名美國物理學家。我獲得了2017年的諾貝爾物理學獎，因為我發現了引力波。
接下來的幾分鐘裡，我會跟大家簡單說一下什麼是引力波。這要先從過去，從我像你們這麼大甚至更小些的時候說起。
我出生在美國中部一個叫奧馬哈的城市。奧馬哈在內布拉斯卡州，是美國的一個農業鄉村。我的父母和我弟弟還有我從那裡搬到了加州。在我還是青少年之前，大概十歲的時候。
所以當我來到加州的時候，我就大概十歲左右 。我們搬來這個地方就是加州的好萊塢，就是拍電影的好萊塢。所以當我還是個孩子的時候，我整天被這些事物包圍，被這些所謂的故事敘述的事情包圍。
好萊塢就是將故事變成電影的地方，還有很多和電影相關的事情。對於我來說，講故事就是我真正的興趣所在。
當我還是個孩子的時候，我喜歡寫作和閱讀。我去看電影、被這些相關的事情所包圍。因此在我大概13歲的時候我以為將來我會寫小說。
雖然我仍然還是喜歡閱讀和寫作等等的事情，但是等我再長大一些的時候，我發現我很擅長數學。
02
我還有另外一個特點，有一件事你必須要問你自己：你覺得有什麼事情對你來說是重要的？
我很有好奇心，我也認為你們都應該有好奇心，這是你們應該追求的事情。
我會好奇事情是怎麼運作的，我看東西的時候總是想弄明白它是怎麼運作的。
為什麼冰塊也是用水做的卻可以浮在水面上？當然對於物理學家來說這是一個很簡單的問題。但因為我還是個孩子，所以對我來說這確實是一件令人好奇的事情。為什麼天空是藍色的而不是別的顏色？是什麼讓它有顏色的？還有其他的等等的疑問。
所以就是這些問題促使著我有興趣去了解大自然，並了解物質世界是怎麼樣的以及它是怎麼運作的。
在我上學的過程中，我非常擅長數學和科學研究所需要的工具。所以我去加州大學伯克利分校上學。在學校的時候，我很幸運的在大一的時候就上了物理課。
我為什麼只上物理呢？
因為它可以回答很多很簡單的問題。我說過我有很強的好奇心，所以我認為我應該學習這些事物是怎麼運作的。
事實證明，在伯克利上學的時候正是個好時機。
他們在物理學上獲得了很多重大發現。他們正在了解質子是由什麼組成的、裡面有什麼、質子由幾個部分組成。這是人們直到20、30年前才知道的。
我們知道有質子這個東西，也知道有電子這個東西，但我們並不知道質子是什麼，質子是組成物質的最基本元素。因此了解木頭是什麼組成的也很重要，因為它們是組成建築物的最基礎的物質。
當我還是大學新生的那段時間，他們發現了質子的反粒子，說明了既有反粒子也有質子。這就讓我感到很驚喜，這一切正好就發生在我所在的大學。
除此之外，他們開始了解更多其他構成物質的成分。這件事情吸引了我，因此我開始在學校學習，我決定學習這個內容。
我留在了伯克利並獲得了我的物理學博士學位，之後我在位於加州帕薩迪納的加州理工當了教授，就是我一直住的地方。
03
某一時刻我開始對引力產生了興趣，引力非常有趣。我們從小就知道也能感受到，如果你跳起來，你的老師會告訴你是地吸引力把你拽下來了。
但我問了另一個問題：為什麼它能讓我下來？我的老師並不能回答這個問題。
我從小就記住了這個問題。所以我長大後，我就開始對地吸引力為什麼能讓我跳下來感興趣，然後我意識到我們並沒有一個好的答案解釋它。
後來，愛因斯坦有了一個答案。
但我們不確定他關於地吸引力可以讓人落地的解釋是全部正確的，這些都與曲率，時空等等相關。
為了證明愛因斯坦的想法是否是正確的，就產生了另一個概念，也是很讓我感興趣的一個概念。因為我們都以另一種方式在感受著它，這就是引力波。
就像水波，電磁波一樣無處不在。我們有光，也是一種波；我們有電波能使收音機工作；我們廚房裡的微波爐也有波。
雖然我們知道這對電磁學來說是正確的。但這對引力來說也是嗎？真的有引力波嗎？我們不知道，也很難知道。
直到我希望能夠破解這個秘密，而我共事的同事們也很有智慧，我們就一起工作。後來我們發明了一個叫LIGO的設備，LIGO證明了確實有引力波。
這被認為是一個重大發現，我也因此獲得了諾貝爾獎。這對於我個人來說也是一項很好的成就。
但我是怎麼做到的呢？是什麼讓我做到的呢？這也許可以讓你也想想自己能做什麼。
但最基本的是，每個孩子小的時候都有很強的好奇心，孩子們會問各種各樣的問題。當他們問大人這些問題時，我們大部分人都不能回答出來。
我們每天都拿著手機，但有多少人知道手機是怎麼工作的呢？信息是怎麼傳遞的呢？又比如，我們回到家就會打開電視，但我們多少人明白電視是怎麼有圖像、有聲音、電視裡這些故事是怎麼呈現到電視上的呢？
我們周圍的一切現象也是如此：大家都會開車，但我們了解汽車是怎麼運行的嗎？這一系列的問題都很少有人知道。
但物理可以解釋這一切。對我來說，物理滿足了我的好奇心。
你可能對某些物質也有好奇心，比如物理學或者工程學，或者你的好奇心也可能在別的地方。
對於我來說，能夠最基本地使我生活前進的方式就是有好奇心。但不僅僅是好奇，而是努力找到能滿足你好奇心的辦法。
你所好奇的可能正是你感興趣的事情，也有可能是你一生都想要追求的事情。所以第一個要素就是有好奇心。
04
第二是要成為一個夢想家。
我們都會有夢想，但在我們有夢想後通常都不會想要去實現夢想。
有意識的夢想會告訴你：你自己想要做什麼，或者你做什麼事情能讓你快樂，或者你想和其他人一起做什麼事情。夢想和為實現夢想所做的努力都很重要。
所以我認為結合好奇心和夢想，還有其他對你個人來說的事情，就是你應該重視的、應該嘗試探索的。
人要敢於嘗試。嘗試某件事情但不成功也不會有壞處，然後你會發現你的生活是非常豐富的，生活中也有很多你可以做的事情。
你也許可以像我一樣，比如和我一樣研究物理，或者你也可以學習一種樂器，或者成為一個演員，或者你們中的一些人也會做我從沒做過的事情。
但是在你們這個年紀我就有了雄心壯志讓我想去做一些事情，那就是寫小說。
總之很高興可以見到大家，希望你們喜歡這次發布會，也祝大家好運。
演講原文
English Version
Hello. I'm Barry Barrish, and I want to welcome you to the KingLead Christmas conference. It's great to see so many Chinese students here and parents.
As I'm introducing it, let me tell you a little bit about myself, and kind of how I got to where I am from where you are as teenagers.
I… first, who am I? I'm basically an American physicist. I have won the Nobel prize in physics in 2017 for the Discovery of what are called gravitational waves.
I'll tell you just a little bit about what gravitational waves are in a few minutes, but let me first start back when I was maybe kind of your age or maybe a little younger.
I was born in the middle of the United States in a city called Omaha, Omaha, in this state of Nebraska. That's farming country in the United States. And my parents and my brother and myself, we moved from there to California when I was... before I was even teenager, I was 10 years old.
So, when I came to California, I was about 10 years old, and we moved to an area that's basically Hollywood California. Hollywood is where movies are made. So, as a kid, when I was surrounded by the most, was what I recall storytelling. That's where movies are about, instilling stories. And there's a lot connected with the movie industry. And for me, storytelling was my real interest.
As a…a young kid. I like to write; I love to read. I go to the movies and I was surrounded by all of that. So writing a novel was what I thought I would do when I was maybe 13 years old. And I still love to read and write and so forth. But as I got a little bit older, it turns out I'm pretty good at mathematics.
And I have another personal feature. One thing that you have to ask yourself is what do you what is it about you that matters?
I'm very curious. And I think all of you are really very curious and it's something you need to pursue. But I'm curious how things work. I can't kind of look at something without trying to understand how it works.
Why is it that an ice cube that's made of water floats on water? That's a simple question for a physicist. But as a kid, it was a real curiosity. Why is the sky blue? Isn't some other color? What do you think gives it a color and so forth.
So these kind of questions are what motivated me to be interested in understanding nature and how things were the physical world and how it works.
As I proceeded in school I was pretty good at mathematics and all the tools that you need to do science. So I went to school in Berkeley, California, University of California in Berkeley. And at the university, I had the fortune for me of taking a freshman course in physics.
Why did I take physics only? Because it answered some simple question, said I had a lot of curiosity about I thought I should learn about how things work.
But it turned out that in Berkeley at exactly that time they were making tremendous discoveries in physics. They were understanding what the proton is made out of, what's inside of, what are all the parts of proton.This is something people didn't know until 20, 30 years ago.
We knew there was a proton. We knew there was an electron. But we didn't have any idea what the proton is. That's the fundamental thing we're made out of. So it's pretty important to understand what we're made out of wood. It is a fundamental building blocks that makes up.
And during that period, while I was a beginner in the university, they discovered the anti-particle for the proton that there is an anti-proton as well as a proton. And that really excited me. And it was happening right there in the university I was at.
And beyond that, they started understanding more about other ingredients that make up matter. This captured me and I started studying in school. And then I decided to pursue exactly that I stays in Berkeley and got my PHD in Berkeley in physics. And then I came to become a professor at CalTech in Pasadena California, which is where I' ve been ever since.
I became interested in gravity at some point. Gravity is interesting. We all know and feel that as even kids and if you jump up, your teacher tells you the earth pulls you down.
But I ask the next question, why did it pull you down? And my teacher couldn't answer that.
I remember that as a kid. So when I got older, I could begin interested in why the earth pulls you down only to realize that we didn't have a good answer for that.
Finally, Einstein had an answer, but we weren't sure it was all right for why the earth pulls you down and had to do with these terms of curvature, space time and so forth.
Within Einstein's idea to see if it's right, there was another concept that came out. And it was very interesting to me because we all experience it in another way, and that gravity has waves.
So water waves, the electricity and magnetism waves are everywhere. We have light, which is waves. We have radios that work that are waves. We have a microwave in our kitchen that has waves, though, we know that's true for electromagnetism, but is it also true for gravity? There’s waves? We didn't know. And it's very difficult to tell.
And eventually I got ambitious enough and our colleagues that were smart enough, and we work together. We built a device called LIGO, which was it turns out good enough to see that actually gravity does have waves. That was considered a major Discovery, and I was awarded a Nobel prize for that. Is a very nice thing personally.
And so how did I get there? What is it that made me get there? What is it that's maybe a message that you can think about yourself and maybe do?
But the basic thing is that every kid, when they're young, is very curious. Kids asked questions about everything. And when we get to be adults, we don't ask those questions anymore, most of us.
So you walk around with a cell phone every day. But how many of why a cell phone works, and how it transmits messages? I would draw some little pictures. We go home and turn on the television set. But how many people understand how that image, that sound, that story got on to the television set?
And that's true of nature around us everywhere we drive an automobile. But do we understand how it works? And so forth and so on. Physics is understanding all that. And for me, it's satisfying my curiosity.
You may have a curiosity in something physical like physics or engineering, or maybe your curiosity go somewhere else.
But to me, one of the fundamental ingredients of being able to move ahead in life is to be curious and not just be curious, but try to figure out how you can satisfy that curiosity.
What you're curious about is likely to be exactly what you're interested in and which maybe you want to pursue in your life. And so the first ingredient is being curious.
The second is being a dreamer.
We all dream. But we dream and then we forget the dreams. But conscious dreams are often tell you what you'd like to do with yourself or what you wanna do to enjoy yourself or what you wanna do with other people. So dreaming, the act of dreaming is really important.
And I think the combination of curiosity, dreaming, and whatever else kind of is individual to you is what you should pay attention to and try to exploit it.
Be ambitious.There's no harm in trying something and not succeeding. And then you'll find that life is very rich and there's many things you can do with your life. And you might do something like me and do physics.
Or you might play a musical instrument, or you might be an actor, or maybe some of you will do what I never managed to do, but at the ambition and want you to do at one time of my life near your age, which is write a novel.
So anyway, it's nice to meet you all. I hope you enjoy the conference. And best of luck in the future.
本次發布會還邀請了在美國方向、英國方向、品牌影響力、創新競爭力等領域取得突出成績的代表學校闡釋辦學理念、展示辦學特色、傳播學校品牌。