原創 Maria Gustava 中國投資參考
Mozambique and China have very close relationship that dated from the period of the struggle for the independence of Mozambique. Therefore, this year the two countries will celebrate 45th anniversary of the diplomatic relations that will coincide with the celebration 45th anniversary of the independence of Mozambique. Indeed, the relations of friendship and cooperation between the two countries, covers all fields and aspects which are consolidating the strategic partnership established by the two leaders in 2016.
China is Mozambique's largest trading partners. In 2018, China was the 2nd source of imports and was the 3rd export market for Mozambique.
Trade between Mozambique and China reached 2.6 billion US dollars in 2019, an increase of over 6.06 per cent if compared to 2018.
According to the figures published by the Chinese Customs Service, exports from Mozambique to China grew by 4.94 per cent to 711 million dollars, whilst imports increased by 9.28 per cent to 1.9 billion dollars.
The main products exported from Mozambique to China are wood, agricultural products and mineral resources none of these products are processed what reduces the real value.
In terms of imports, the most important are manufactured goods vehicles and spare parts, domestic appliances and iron and steel articles, clothing, and articles made of plastic and rubber.
The goals of Mozambique national development plan and the key development areas
The National Development Strategy for 2015-2035 aimed at integrated economic and social development, which involves the structural transformation of the economy to a competitive and diversified one.
The National Development Strategy attaches importance to industrialization as crucial area for boosting the economic development of the main sectors such as: agriculture, fisheries, infrastructure, energy and tourism, as well as in the job creation. The strategy also recognises the importance of ensuring that natural resources continue to offer the environmental resources and services on which the country's well-being and continuous progress can depends on.
The National Development Strategy identifies as the main challenge of the Mozambican economy: the increase of the economy's competitiveness through the diversification of the economy; investment of human capital, infrastructure and research and innovation. There is also a challenge, in the need to ensure a greater connection between mineral resources and other sectors of the economy. For the materialization of the central objective, the National Development Strategy defines 4 pillars, namely:
i.Development of human capital (market-oriented training; institution and expansion of vocational education and improvement of health and social protection standards);
ii.Development of production-based infrastructures (investment and infrastructure planning: industrial parks; IFZ, SEZ; thermal power stations; roads, ports and railways; definition of housing areas and state reserves);
iii.Research, innovation, and technological development (creation of specialized centres for research and development (R&D) in the following areas: agriculture, livestock and fisheries; energy; mineral resources; water resources management and ICTs;
iv.Institutional coordination (improvement of public institutions, improvement of coordination and multi-sectoral coordination, reform of legislation and creation of institutions that serve the industrialization strategy - egg Development Bank).
The Plan identifies the following main areas: industrialization, agriculture, Infrastructure, Energy and Tourism.
Investment advantages of Mozambique
The Mozambican economy has registered remarkable growth in the last decade benefitting from substantial inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) into various sectors, notably agriculture and agro-industry, tourism, infrastructure development, energy, fisheries and aquaculture, industry, mineral resources (mainly coal and gas) and banking, among others.
Mozambique has both comparative and competitive advantages, which are supplemented with good governance.
•Strategic location (as a gateway to the Southern African Development Community, SADC): Providing infrastructure that gives access to land-locked SADC countries (ports, railways, pipelines and roads);
•Rich and diverse natural resources: Vast land reserves, mineral resources, water and a diverse cultural and historical heritage;
•Abundant labour force: availability of a competitive, educated and easily trainable labour force;
•Sustainable economic growth: one of the fastest growing economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa over the last 10 years;
•Increased investment into infrastructure: infrastructure development is one of the country’s top priorities and public-private partnerships are encouraged;
•Competitive incentives: Fiscal and non-fiscal incentives, agreements to prevent double taxation and fiscal evasion with Portugal, Mauritius, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the Administrative Region of Macau, Italy, South Africa, Botswana, India and Vietnam; and
•Good living environment: Sincerity, hospitality, friendliness, delicious food, beautiful beaches.
The Government of Mozambique is committed on enabling a business-friendly economic environment through a constant dialogue with the private sector to set policies that will boost the National Direct Investment and Foreign Direct Investment.
Multi-field cooperation between the two countries
With China we are looking for abroad and diversified economic cooperation. The combination of the comparative advantages of both countries and relations based on mutual trust benefits are main principles and guide.
Mozambique consider China as a key partner for progress and development, particularly in the process of transformation and building of economy toward competitive and diversified economy in order to benefit from the opportunities in the global economy. In this context, Mozambique is willing to develop and strengthening the existing cooperation into a model that can allow: (i) the transfer of modern technologies, resulting from investments and training; (ii) share of the experiences on the process of planning and implementation; (iii) modernization of agriculture and development of infrastructure; (iv) improvement of Mozambique trade balance, including preferential access for the Chinese market; (v) development of industrial parks; (vi) development of partnerships between the private sectors in agro-processing and small and medium enterprises, just to mention a few .
The cooperation between Mozambique and China covers almost all spheres from political, economic social and cultural, including twinning cooperation between cities and provinces.
The two countries develop their cooperation in forms of:
1.Investments from Chinese public and private sectors
2.Technical and finance assistance;
3.Trade;
4.People to People exchange;
5.Exchange of delegations;
6.Promotion of cultural events
7.Political cooperation, including coordination on the issues of international agenda of mutual interests; and other interventions.
The main areas of cooperation include : Agriculture, health, education, infrastructure, finance, energy, fishery, aquaculture, transport and communications , culture, tourism among others.
Work together for a better future
The reality has shown that there is a huge potential in the relationship between the two countries. Based on this, Mozambique and China established strategic partnership as a demonstration of the commitment of both sides to further expand and strengthening their cooperation.
In this context, in order to deepen and consolidate their ties it is expected that the two countries continue to explore and identifying more ways and means to:
•Operationalize the agreements and MOUs reached so for in all areas of cooperation, including the Funds access for Cooperation and Development, within FOCAC. Belt and Road and Macao Forum;
•Establishment of beneficial partnership among companies, associations and others taking into account the opportunities offered by the sides. In this interaction, the promotion and the development of the small and medium-sized enterprises could play a crucial role, particularly, in Mozambique.
•More People to People inter-actions, for better mutual knowledge and better understanding in order to reinforce the friendship. In this fields the young plays a key importance;
•Continuation of the capacity building and training of Mozambique human resources, as an indispensable prerequisite for sustainable development of Mozambique. In this area new synergies and multifaceted exchanges can be developed;
•Identification of the ways to overcome the impediments for the advancement and implementation of the productive capacity projects identified and agreed between the two countries; and
•Mozambique is expecting to work closely with China on identification and implementation of the projects that can generate immediate and concrete results that impacts in the lives of people, especially in fields of: industrialization, infrastructure , agro-processing, energy, tourism , trade, finance (opening of a Chinese bank in Mozambique).
Editor | Zhang Mei
Design | Sun Ziyue
本文刊於《中國投資》2020年5月號。版權所有，侵權必究。歡迎個人分享，媒體轉載請回複本微信號獲得許可。
《中國投資》雜誌創辦自1985年，由國家發改委主管，國家發改委投資研究所、中國國際工程諮詢有限公司主辦，是我國投資領域唯一的中央級刊物，業界最早專注於投資領域趨勢報導的核心期刊。創刊三十多年以來，雜誌以全球視角看中國投資，涵蓋宏觀經濟、行業分析和企業投資案例，同時以全球市場為坐標，聚焦特定國家、地區和重大國際趨勢，目前已經成為世界各國政府官員、各類投資機構、專家學者、企業家以及記者媒體的專業對話平臺。
《中國投資》雜誌每期覆蓋包括上市公司在內的200多家央企國企和10000多家中國民營企業、1000多家中央與地方政府決策部門和機構、1000多家行業協會和商會、300多家主要金融機構等，是了解宏觀經濟環境、行業趨勢前景和企業投資案例的重要參考。
自2016年始，在中聯部等相關機構的共同支持下，《中國投資》非洲版面世，為非洲各國與中國持久的大規模合作，提供一個專業而強大的對話平臺。
2017年，《中國投資》絲路版誕生，為一帶一路框架下各國各方與中國的合作互鑑，提供前瞻包容的思想引領，分享各行各業的創新創舉，在探索人類命運共同體的道路上共創未來。
China Investment, founded in 1985, is a monthly under the supervision of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) China’s macro-economic management agency, It’s jointly operated by Investment Research Institute under NDRC, China International Engineering Consulting Corporation. Enjoying an exclusive position under the central government, China Investment is the core journal which started the earliest among similar magazines to focus on the investment trend. Over the past 30-plus years, China Investment has been in line with theglobal market as its fundamental coordinate with a strategic focus on specific countries and regional markets and those major international propensities. China Investment is a key dialogue platform for officials from different countries, investment agencies, experts and scholars, business people and journalists.
China Investment has been a key source of references for the better understanding of macro-economic environment, sectoral and industrial outlook, and cases of investments, thanks to the fact that each of its new issue touches upon activities of more than 200 Chinese SOEs, listed or non-public, 10,000 private enterprises, 1000 decision-making bodies at the central and local governments, 1000 trade associations and chambers, and 300 strong major financial institutions.
Starting from May 2016 and under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Department of the Central Committee of Communist Party of China, China Investment African Edition came into being, providing a professional and powerful platform of dialogue for the ever-growing and sustainable cooperation between China and the African countries throughout the continent.
Inspired by Belt and Road Initiative, China Investment Belts & Roads Edition was born in May 2017, which provides forward thinking for the cooperation and mutual learning between China and related countries. It also aims to share the innovative ideas in various trades and industries and explore a shared future in building a common community formankind.
原標題：《Cooperation to Promote Economic Diversification》
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