PHP使用thrift做服務端開發

php使用thrift做服務端開發

thrift採用接口描述語言定義和創建服務，用二進位格式傳輸數據，體積更小、效率更高，對於高並發、數據量大和多語言的環境有更好的支持。

Apache Thrift是啥？

Apache Thrift是FaceBook開發的一套可擴展的、跨語言的服務調用框架。簡單的說就是先定義一個配置文件，不同的語言可以利用thrift基於這個配置文件生成各自語言的服務端，不管客戶端用什麼語言，都可以調用，也就是說基於thrift協議用java可以調用php的服務。目前支持C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, JavaScript, Node.js, Smalltalk, OCaml and Delphi等語言之間相互調用。

相對於傳統的xml和json等數據傳輸方式來說，thrift採用接口描述語言定義和創建服務，用二進位格式傳輸數據，體積更小、效率更高，對於高並發、數據量大和多語言的環境有更好的支持。

thrift安裝環境要求

如果沒安裝lex和yacc的話要先安裝，否則會make失敗,提示lex和yacc command not found錯誤（一般的機器貌似都沒安，Ubuntu用apt-get install flex bision即可）。

安裝thrift

1.下載最新版thrift：

wget http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/thrift/0.9.3/thrift-0.9.3.tar.gztar xvf thrift-0.9.3.tar.gzcd thrift-0.9.3
2.創建configure文件
./bootstrap.sh./configuremakemake checkmake install
編譯選項
thrift for php安裝環境要求
php使用thrift的時候，除了要將thrift/lib/php/lib裡的基礎文件copy到項目目錄下，還需要將根據配置文件生成的php文件也copy到packages文件夾下，並引入到項目中，這個後續會詳細講。
類庫說明
數據傳輸格式（protocol）
定義的了傳輸內容，對Thrift Type的打包解包，包括：
數據傳輸方式（transport）
定義了如何發送（write）和接收（read）數據，包括：
TBufferedTransport，緩存傳輸，寫入數據並不立即開始傳輸，直到刷新緩存。
TSocket，使用socket傳輸
TFramedTransport，採用分塊方式進行傳輸，具體傳輸實現依賴其他傳輸方式，比如TSocket
TCurlClient，使用curl與服務端交互
THttpClient，採用stream方式與HTTP服務端交互
TMemoryBuffer，使用內存方式交換數據
TPhpStream，使用PHP標準輸入輸出流進行傳輸
TNullTransport，關閉數據傳輸
TSocketPool在TSocket基礎支持多個服務端管理（需要APC支持），自動剔除無效的伺服器
開發流程
1、定義IDL（Interface description language）接口描述文件，後綴.thrift
IDL規範：http://thrift.apache.org/docs/idl
thrift types：http://thrift.apache.org/docs/types
2、服務端代碼開發
3、客戶端編寫接入代碼
IDL：
1.tutorial.thrift
include "shared.thrift"namespace php tutorialtypedef i32 MyIntegerconst i32 INT32CONSTANT = 9853const map<string,string> MAPCONSTANT = {'hello':'world', 'goodnight':'moon'}enum Operation {  ADD = 1,  SUBTRACT = 2,  MULTIPLY = 3,  DIVIDE = 4}struct Work {  1: i32 num1 = 0,  2: i32 num2,  3: Operation op,  4: optional string comment,}exception InvalidOperation {  1: i32 whatOp,  2: string why}service Calculator extends shared.SharedService {   void ping(),   i32 add(1:i32 num1, 2:i32 num2),   i32 calculate(1:i32 logid, 2:Work w) throws (1:InvalidOperation ouch),   oneway void zip()}
2.shared.thrift
namespace php sharedstruct SharedStruct {  1: i32 key  2: string value}service SharedService {  SharedStruct getStruct(1: i32 key)}
php服務端
<?phpnamespace tutorial\php;ini_set('display_errors',1);error_reporting(E_ALL);require_once __DIR__.'/../../lib/php/lib/Thrift/ClassLoader/ThriftClassLoader.php';use Thrift\ClassLoader\ThriftClassLoader;$GEN_DIR = realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/..').'/gen-php';$loader = new ThriftClassLoader();$loader->registerNamespace('Thrift', __DIR__ . '/../../lib/php/lib');$loader->registerDefinition('shared', $GEN_DIR);$loader->registerDefinition('tutorial', $GEN_DIR);$loader->register();if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {  ini_set("display_errors", "stderr");}use Thrift\Protocol\TBinaryProtocol; use Thrift\Transport\TPhpStream; use Thrift\Transport\TBufferedTransport; class CalculatorHandler implements \tutorial\CalculatorIf {  protected $log = array();  public function ping() {    error_log("ping()");  }    public function add($num1, $num2) {    error_log("add({$num1}, {$num2})");    return $num1 + $num2;  }    public function calculate($logid, \tutorial\Work $w) {    error_log("calculate({$logid}, {{$w->op}, {$w->num1}, {$w->num2}})");    switch ($w->op) {      case \tutorial\Operation::ADD:        $val = $w->num1 + $w->num2;        break;      case \tutorial\Operation::SUBTRACT:        $val = $w->num1 - $w->num2;        break;      case \tutorial\Operation::MULTIPLY:        $val = $w->num1 * $w->num2;        break;      case \tutorial\Operation::DIVIDE:        if ($w->num2 == 0) {          $io = new \tutorial\InvalidOperation();          $io->whatOp = $w->op;          $io->why = "Cannot divide by 0";          throw $io;        }        $val = $w->num1 / $w->num2;        break;      default:        $io = new \tutorial\InvalidOperation();        $io->whatOp = $w->op;        $io->why = "Invalid Operation";        throw $io;    }    $log = new \shared\SharedStruct();    $log->key = $logid;    $log->value = (string)$val;    $this->log[$logid] = $log;    return $val;  }  public function getStruct($key) {    error_log("getStruct({$key})");                return new \shared\SharedStruct(array("key" => $key, "value" => "PHP is stateless!"));  }  public function zip() {    error_log("zip()");  }};header('Content-Type', 'application/x-thrift');if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {  echo "\r\n";}$handler = new CalculatorHandler();$processor = new \tutorial\CalculatorProcessor($handler);$transport = new TBufferedTransport(new TPhpStream(TPhpStream::MODE_R | TPhpStream::MODE_W));$protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport, true, true);$transport->open();$processor->process($protocol, $protocol);$transport->close();
php客戶端
<?phpnamespace tutorial\php;error_reporting(E_ALL);require_once __DIR__.'/../../lib/php/lib/Thrift/ClassLoader/ThriftClassLoader.php';use Thrift\ClassLoader\ThriftClassLoader;$GEN_DIR = realpath(dirname(__FILE__).'/..').'/gen-php';$loader = new ThriftClassLoader();$loader->registerNamespace('Thrift', __DIR__ . '/../../lib/php/lib');$loader->registerDefinition('shared', $GEN_DIR);$loader->registerDefinition('tutorial', $GEN_DIR);$loader->register();use Thrift\Protocol\TBinaryProtocol;use Thrift\Transport\TSocket;use Thrift\Transport\THttpClient;use Thrift\Transport\TBufferedTransport;use Thrift\Exception\TException;try {  if (array_search('--http', $argv)) {      $socket = new THttpClient('localhost', 8080, '/php/PhpServer.php');  } else {        $socket = new TSocket('localhost', 9090);  }  $transport = new TBufferedTransport($socket, 1024, 1024);  $protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);  $client = new \tutorial\CalculatorClient($protocol);  $transport->open();  $client->ping();  print "ping()\n";  $sum = $client->add(1,1);  print "1+1=$sum\n";    $work = new \tutorial\Work();  $work->op = \tutorial\Operation::DIVIDE;  $work->num1 = 1;  $work->num2 = 0;  try {    $client->calculate(1, $work);    print "Whoa! We can divide by zero?\n";  } catch (\tutorial\InvalidOperation $io) {    print "InvalidOperation: $io->why\n";  }  $work->op = \tutorial\Operation::SUBTRACT;  $work->num1 = 15;  $work->num2 = 10;  $diff = $client->calculate(1, $work);  print "15-10=$diff\n";  $log = $client->getStruct(1);  print "Log: $log->value\n";  $transport->close();} catch (TException $tx) {  print 'TException: '.$tx->getMessage()."\n";}
輸出：
ping()1+1=2InvalidOperation: Cannot divide by 015-10=5Log: PHP is stateless!