糞便微生物群移植可促進腫瘤免疫反應

糞便微生物群移植可促進腫瘤免疫反應

作者：

小柯機器人

發布時間：2020/12/12 20:22:37

美國艾拉勒梅鮑姆癌症免疫研究所Ben Boursi研究組取得最新進展。他們提出糞便微生物群移植可促進免疫治療難治性黑素瘤患者的反應。2020年12月10日國際知名學術期刊《科學》雜誌發表了這一成果。

他們進行了一項I期臨床試驗，以評估10例抗PD-1難治性轉移性黑色素瘤患者糞便微生物群移植（FMT）的安全性和可行性以及抗PD-1免疫療法的再誘導。他們觀察了三名患者的臨床反應，包括兩個部分反應和一個完全反應。值得注意的是，FMT治療與腸道固有層和腫瘤微環境中免疫細胞浸潤和基因表達譜的有利變化有關。總之，這些早期發現對於調節癌症治療中的腸道菌群具有重要意義。

據介紹，在臨床前小鼠模型和觀察患者中，腸道微生物組已顯示可影響腫瘤對抗PD-1免疫療法的反應。然而，尚未在臨床試驗中研究癌症患者中腸道菌群的調節。

附：英文原文

Title: Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients

Author: Erez N. Baruch, Ilan Youngster, Guy Ben-Betzalel, Rona Ortenberg, Adi Lahat, Lior Katz, Katerina Adler, Daniela Dick-Necula, Stephen Raskin, Naamah Bloch, Daniil Rotin, Liat Anafi, Camila Avivi, Jenny Melnichenko, Yael Steinberg-Silman, Ronac Mamtani, Hagit Harati, Nethanel Asher, Ronnie Shapira-Frommer, Tal Brosh-Nissimov, Yael Eshet, Shira Ben-Simon, Oren Ziv, Md Abdul Wadud Khan, Moran Amit, Nadim J. Ajami, Iris Barshack, Jacob Schachter, Jennifer A. Wargo, Omry Koren, Gal Markel, Ben Boursi

Issue&Volume: 2020/12/10

Abstract: The gut microbiome has been shown to influence the response of tumors to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in pre-clinical mouse models and observational patient cohorts. However, modulation of gut microbiota in cancer patients has not been investigated in clinical trials. Here we performed a phase I clinical trial to assess the safety and feasibility of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and re-induction of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in ten patients with anti-PD-1-refractory metastatic melanoma. We observed clinical responses in three patients, including two partial responses and one complete response. Notably, treatment with FMT was associated with favorable changes in immune cell infiltrates and gene expression profiles in both the gut lamina propria and the tumor microenvironment. Together, these early findings have important implications for modulating the gut microbiota in cancer treatment.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abb5920

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/12/09/science.abb5920

Science：《科學》，創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會，最新IF：41.037