Hi, I'm Mike and welcome to Oxford Online English!
In this lesson, you can learn how to talk about your job in English.
嗨，我是 Mike，歡迎來到牛津在線英語。在這節課上，你能學到如何用英語談論你的工作。
Where do you work? What do you have to do in your job?
你在哪裡工作？你的工作職責是什麼？
What kind of company do you work for?
In this class, you can learn how to answer questions like this in clear, detailed English.
你在怎樣的公司工作？
在這節課上，你能學到如何用清晰、詳細的英語來回答像這樣的問題。
Ready? Let's start! Part one: introducing your job.
準備好了嗎？我們開始吧！第一部分：介紹你的工作。
"I'm a __": "I work in __"; "I work for__".
How would you complete these sentences?
「我是......」，「我從事的是......」，「我在......工作」。
你會如何補充完整這些句子呢？
You could say something like: "I'm a writer.
I work in online education.
你可以這麼說：「我是個作家。
我從事的是網絡教學行業。
I work for a publishing company." "I work in. . ." is used with a field, meaning a type of work.
我在一家出版社工作。」"I work in..." 後面加的是工作領域，也就是工作類型。
So, you can say things like: "I work in finance." "I work in digital marketing."
所以你可以說：「我從事的是金融業。」「我從事的是數位化營銷。」
You can also use "work in" with a place or a department of a company.
For example: "I work in the HR department of a financial firm."
"work in" 後面也可以接地方或公司的一個部門。
舉個例子：「我在一家金融公司的人事部門工作。」
"I work in a school, teaching modern languages." Confused?
「我在一所學校工作，教現代語言。」是不是聽著有點懵？
You can see that if you use "work in" to talk about the type of work you do, you don't use an article like "a" or "the".
If you use an article "a" or "the" after "work in", it means you're talking about the place or department where you work.
你可以看到，如果用 "work in" 來談論你的工作類型，後面不用像 "a" 或 "the" 這樣的冠詞。
如果在 "work in" 後面加了冠詞 "a" 或 "the"，那就表示你談論的是你工作的地方或部門。
"I work for. . ." is used with a company.
So, you could say: "I'm a salesman.
"I work for..." 後面加的是公司。
所以你可以說：「我是個銷售員。
I work for a mobile phone company." "I work for a law firm based in Frankfurt."
我在一家手機公司工作。」「我在法蘭克福的一家律師事務所工作。」
Or even: "I run my own business, so I work for myself." What can you say?
或者甚至可以說：「我自己開了公司，所以我為自己工作。」你能說些什麼呢？
Can you make sentences like this to say something about your job?
Pause the video and try (to) make a sentence.
你能作出這樣的句子來描述你的工作嗎？暫停視頻，試著造個句。
Say it aloud! Next, let's add more details to your answer.
把它大聲說出來！接下來，我們來往你的回答中多加些細節。
Part two: describing your company. "I work for a__ company which__"
第二部分：描述你的公司。「我在一家......公司工作，它......」
Look at this sentence. We need one adjective, and the end of the sentence after "which".
看一下這個句子。我們需要補充一個形容詞，還有 "which" 後面的最後一部分句子。
Any ideas? For the adjective, think about these ideas: is your company big or small?
有什麼想法嗎？關於形容詞，你可以思考一下下面這些問題：你的公司大還是小？
Local or multinational? For the part after "which", ask yourself: what does your company do?
本土企業還是跨國公司？關於 "which" 後面的部分，可以自己想一想：你的公司是幹什麼的？
Does it make things, sell things, organise things?
Does it provide products, services, or both?
是製造商品、出售商品還是組織活動的？
提供的是產品還是服務，還是兩者皆有？
So, you could say: "I work for an international electronics company which makes tablet computers."
"I work for a German company which does market research for other companies."
所以你可以說：「我在一家國際電器公司工作，它是生產平板電腦的。
」「我在一家德國公司工作，它是為其他公司做市場調查的。」
What if you don't work for a company? Here are some things you could say: "I'm a freelancer."
如果你不在公司工作怎麼辦？你可以照下面這樣說：「我是自由職業者。」
Meaning: I work independently, for different people and companies. "I'm self-employed."
意思是我獨立地為不同的人和公司工作。「我是自主創業的。」
Meaning: I work for myself, either freelance or I have my own business. "I'm a business owner."
意思是我為自己工作，要麼是自由職業者，要麼是成立了自己的公司。
「我是企業主。」
If you don't work, and people ask you what you do, what can you say?
Here are some useful phrases: "I'm between jobs at the moment."
如果你沒在工作，但又有人問你你是做什麼的，那你能說些什麼呢？
下面是一些有用的短語：「我目前在待業中。」
Meaning: I've left one job, and haven't found another yet.
This sounds nicer than saying, "I'm unemployed."
意思是我辭掉了一份工作，現在還沒有找到新工作。
這比說「我失業了」好聽多了。
"I'm taking some time out to… (travel, spend time with my kids, write a book, recover from an illness, etc. )"
Meaning: I'm not working at the moment because I want to focus on something else.
「我在抽出時間......（旅行、陪孩子、寫書、養病等等）」意思是我目前沒在工作，因為我想專心做別的事情。
"I'm retired." What about you?
「我退休了。」你呢？
Do you work for a company? What can you say about it?
你在公司裡工作嗎？你對此能說些什麼？
If you don't work for a company, how would you describe your work situation?
Part three: how to describe your job in more detail.
如果你不在公司裡工作，你會如何描述你的工作情況？
第三部分：如何更詳細地描述你的工作。
So what do you actually do all day?
Let's see how you can describe your job in more detail.
你整天其實都在幹什麼？
我們來看看如何更詳細地描述你的工作。
Look at these sentences: "I have to__"; "I'm responsible for__", "Most of my time is spent__". Let's do some examples together.
看看這些句子：「我必須......」，「我負責......」，「我大部分時間都在......」。
我們來一起舉些例子。
We'll start with a simple example. "I'm a nurse.
我們從一個簡單的例子開始。「我是個護士。
I have to look after patients, give them medicine and make sure they're comfortable.
I'm responsible for about 20-30 patients.
我必須照顧病人，給他們用藥並且確保他們感覺舒服。
我負責大約20-30個病人。
Most of my time is spent talking to patients and checking that everything is okay."
Next, let's do a more detailed example.
我大部分時間都在和病人交談，以及檢查一切是不是正常。
」接下來，我們來看一個更詳細的例子。
"I have to design websites to the client's specifications.
I'm responsible for the whole design process, so I have to take the client's ideas and turn them into a finished product.
「我必須根據客戶的具體要求設計網站。
我負責整個設計過程，所以我必須了解客戶的想法，把這些想法變成成品。
Most of my time is spent experimenting with different designs and ideas and seeing what looks good, because attention to detail is important in this kind of work."
Can you say something like this about your job and what you do?
我大部分時間都在嘗試不同的設計和想法，並看看什麼看起來不錯，因為注意細節在這類工作中很重要。」
你能說出像這樣的內容來描述你的工作和你所做的事情嗎？
Try to add details if you can. Part four: saying how you feel about your job.
如果可以的話，試著加入些細節。
第四部分：說出你對你的工作有什麼感受。
Now, you can hopefully say something about your job and where you work. Here's another question: do you like your job?
現在你知道怎麼談論你的工作和你工作的地方了。
還有一個問題：你喜歡你的工作嗎？
Why or why not? Hopefully, you enjoy your job!
為什麼喜歡或者為什麼不喜歡？但願你喜歡你的工作！
How'd you describe a job which you like? Of course, you could use general adjectives like "good" or "interesting", but here are some specific adjectives you could use.
你要如何描述一份你喜歡的工作呢？當然了，你可以使用像 "good" 或 "interesting" 這樣一般的形容詞，但是下面有一些比較具體的形容詞可以用。
Stimulating: something which is stimulating is exciting and gives you energy.
Satisfying: means that your job gives you a sense of achievement.
"stimulating" （令人興奮的），這個詞的意思是令人興奮的，增加活力的。
"satisfying" （令人滿足的），意思是你的工作讓你有種成就感。
Creative: you can use your imagination when you work.
Rewarding: this means your job gives you very positive feelings.
"creative" （有創意的）指的是你在工作的時候可以運用自己的想像力。
"rewarding" （有意義的）表示你的工作給你帶來了非常積極的感覺。
It's often used to talk about jobs in which you help other people.
For example, teachers or nurses might describe their jobs as rewarding.
這經常被用來描述幫助他人的那種工作。
比如老師或護士或許會用 "rewarding" 來描述他們的工作。
Challenging: challenging can be positive or negative, but if you use it to talk about your job, it would have a positive meaning.
It means that your job is difficult, but in an interesting way which makes you think and learn.
"challenging" （有挑戰性的）既是褒義的也是貶義的，但是如果用它來形容你的工作，那它就是褒義的。
它的意思是你的工作很難，但是難得有意思，能夠讓你思考和學習。
What if you don't like your job?
Again, you can use general words like "boring" or "difficult", which are fine but very basic.
如果你不喜歡你的工作怎麼辦？
還是一樣，你可以用像 "boring" 或 "difficult" 這樣一般的詞，這沒關係，但是非常基礎。
If you want to be more creative with your vocabulary, here are some things you could say: exhausting: describes work which makes you feel very tired, either physically or mentally.
Thankless: if your work is thankless, no one notices or appreciates what you do.
如果你想用一些更有創意的詞彙，可以用下面這些詞："exhausting" （使人精疲力盡的），形容的是讓你感覺身體或心裡非常累的工作。
"thankless" （吃力不討好的），如果用 "thankless" 來描述你的工作，那就說明沒有人注意或感激你所做的事情。
Mind-numbing: extremely boring. Dead-end: describes a job which has no prospects for the future.
"mind-numbing" （無聊透頂的），意思是極其無聊的。"dead-end" （沒有出路的），描述的是沒有前途的工作。
If you have a dead-end job, you will never get promoted and the job will always be the same.
Soul-destroying: describes a job which is extremely unpleasant and boring, and which you really, really hate.
如果用 "dead-end" 來形容你的工作，那就說明你永遠也不會升職，會一直做同樣的工作。
soul-destroying" （消磨精神的），描述的是極其令人不快和無聊的工作，你非常非常討厭它。
Part five: how to make a longer answer.
At this point, you should be able to introduce your work, say where you work, give details about what you do and say how you feel about your work.
第五部分：如何給出更長的回答。
到了這個時候，你應該能夠介紹你的工作，說出你在哪兒工作，詳細描述你的工作內容以及談一談你對你的工作有什麼感受了。
Let's make some longer sample answers together. First one: "I'm a pharmacist.
我們來一起看一些更長的回答範例。第一個：「我是個藥劑師。
I started my own small pharmacy, so I'm also a business owner.
I have to work as a pharmacist, of course, giving advice to patients and making sure they have the right medicine.
我開了我自己的小藥房，所以我也是個企業主。
當然啦，我必須當藥劑師，為病人提供建議並且確保他們買對了藥。
However, I'm also responsible for the pharmacy, so I have to manage my staff, do the accounts, and so on.
It's stimulating work because I have to do many different things every day, so I never get bored."
但是我也負責經營藥房，所以我必須管理我的員工，算帳等等。
這是一份令人興奮的工作，因為我每天要做很多不同的事情，所以我永遠也不會覺得無聊。」
Clear? Could you make an answer like this?
清楚了嗎？你能給出這樣的回答嗎？
Let's do one more: "I'm a writer. I work in online education.
我們再來看一個：「我是一個作家。我從事的是網絡教學行業。
I work for a big publishing company, which produces different educational materials that are used all around the world. I have to write lesson plans and materials for teachers to use in the classroom.
我在一家大型出版社工作，這家出版社創作世界各地都在使用的不同的教學材料。我必須編寫課程方案和教材以供老師們在課堂上使用。
I spend most of my time thinking about how I can make different things fit together into a lesson.
It's very challenging work and it can be exhausting, but it's also very creative and satisfying, because I know people all around the world are using lessons which I wrote."
我大部分時間都在思考如何才能把不同的內容合適地放進一堂課中。
這是一份非常具有挑戰性的工作，很累，但是也很有創意，令人滿足，因為我知道全世界的人都在使用我編寫的課程。」
Okay, now it's your turn! Try to make a longer answer like this talking about your job.
好了，現在輪到你了。使用想出一個像這樣的較長的回答來談論你的工作。
Use the vocabulary and structure from this lesson to help you.
If you want, you can post your answer in the video comments on YouTube.
用上這節課學的詞彙和結構來幫助你。
如果你願意，可以把你的回答發在 YouTube 的視頻留言區。
We'll give you some feedback on your answer.
That's the end of the lesson.
我們會對你的回答給出反饋意見。
這節課到此就結束了。
I hope you learned some new ways to talk about your job and what you do.
Thanks very much for watching.
希望你學到了談論工作和工作內容的一些新方式。
非常感謝你的觀看。
See you next time!
下次見！