我國是B肝高發地之一，而且80%左右的肝癌是B肝病毒感染導致的。
China is one of the high incidence rate locations of hepatitis B, and about 80% of liver cancer is caused by hepatitis B virus infections.
所以在嬰幼兒出生之後，必須要通過注射B肝疫苗的方式，讓身體全面產生抗體後而取得預防的效果。
So, after a baby is born, it is necessary to use a hepatitis B vaccine to help the body comprehensively produce antibodies and thus achieve a precautionary effect.
成人有必要接種B肝疫苗嗎？
Is it necessary for adults to get Hepatitis B vaccine?
B肝病毒主要經血液傳播，傳播途徑廣，通常通過輸血、母嬰、性行為、剃鬚刀等密切生活來傳播。對成年人而言，接種B肝疫苗不僅是為了保護您自己，還是為了保護您的家人.
Hepatitis B virus is mainly transmitted through blood. It has many transmission modes, usually through blood transfusion, from mother to baby, through sexual activity, razors and other intimate contact in life. For adults, getting the hepatitis B vaccine is not only about protecting yourself, but also about protecting your family.
誰適合接種B肝疫苗？
Who is suitable for hepatitis B vaccination？
①青少年（大、中、小學生）：既往無B肝疫苗接種史者；②醫護人員；③醫學檢驗人員；④保育人員；⑤B肝病毒已感染者或B肝病人的配偶、子女或密切接觸者；⑥血液透析者
(1)Adolescents (college, middle and primary school students) : no previous history of hepatitis B vaccination;(2) medical staff;(3) medical examination personnel;(4) child-care worker;(5) hepatitis B virus has been infected or hepatitis B patients spouse, children or close contact;（6）Hemodialysis
方案為三針0-1-6個月，即當天一針，一個月第二針，六個月第三針。第七個月後複查看看有沒有表面抗體產生，有抗體就有保護，可以抵禦B肝病毒的侵襲。
The plan is three injections for months 0-1-6, namely one injection on the same day, the second injection in a month, and the third needle in six months. After the seventh month, a reexamination to see whether there is surface antibody production. If there are antibodies then there is protection and resistance against the invasion of hepatitis B virus.
打過B肝疫苗是否還需打加強針？
Do I still need a booster dose if I』ve already had a hepatitis B vaccine?
你如果已經接種過三次，不知道有沒有抗體形成，如果有，那就需要間隔3～4年根據抗體數值加強一次，如果沒有抗體形成，那就要從基礎開始再打三針。如果要檢查抗體就去醫院做「兩對半」即可知道。
If you've been vaccinated three times, and you don't know if there's any antibody formation, if there is, you need to boost it every three to four years according to the antibody quantity, and if there's no antibody formation, you need to get three more shots from the beginning. If you want to check your antibodies, you can go to the hospital for a HBV 5-marker test.
查出B型肝炎表面抗體陽性，從未打過B型肝炎疫苗，是否還需要再打疫苗？
Tested positive for hepatitis B surface antibodies, never had hepatitis B vaccination, is a vaccination still needed?
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說明既往已有過B肝病毒感染，而且產生了保護性抗體，這種人一般不必再打B肝疫苗。
This means the person was previously infected with the hepatitis B virus, and produced protective antibodies. Such people normally do not need another vaccination.
接種B肝疫苗所需要注意的事項：
What should we pay attention to if we get hepatitis B vaccination?
1
感冒、發熱、過敏或者急性期感染，接種需要推遲到治癒後進行。
In case of cold，fever，allergy or acute infection, vaccination should be delayed until healed
2
接種後不能當天洗澡。當天不可飲酒並食用辛辣刺激的食物。
Do not take a shower after vaccination.Avoid drinking alcohol or eating spicy food on the day.
3
避免劇烈運動，多飲水，多休息，勞逸結合
Avoid strenuous exercise，drink plenty of water，have a good rest
接種B肝疫苗後可能有哪些不良反應？
What adverse effects may be occurred after hepatitis B vaccination?
通常這些症狀較輕微，持續時間較短。對於肌注疫苗者，可能出現的不適包括接種處酸痛、發紅、腫脹，低熱等。絕大多數患者症狀輕微，在1~2天內恢復。極少數患者可能出現嚴重的不良反應，如嚴重的過敏反應。
Usually those adverse effects are mild and last for only a short period. As for those who have received a muscle injection, the adverse effects may include local ache, redness, swelling, and low fever. Most patients have mild symptoms and recover within 1 to 2 days. A very few patients may have severe adverse effects, including severe allergic reaction.
當然，在接種B肝疫苗之後，雖然身體具有一定的抗體，但也不是說就不會感染B肝疾病。所以在日常生活中，還是要做出合理的飲食安排和生活作息。
Of course, after vaccinating against hepatitis B, although the body has certain antibodies, that’s not to say a hepatitis B infection won’t happen. So in daily life, it is still important to maintain a reasonable diet and schedule every day.
專家介紹
Introduction
錢方興 主任醫師
從事內科工作30餘年
全科診療專家
長期從事慢性病的臨床管理，尤其是胃腸肝病的診治
Fangxing Qian Chief Physician
More than 30 years of experience in internal medicine
A general practitioner
Long engaged in the clinical management of chronic diseases, especially the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal liver disease
擅長：
1、慢性腹脹、腹瀉、便秘
2、疑難發熱診治
3、肝炎、 肝硬化、腹水
Specialties:
1. Chronic bloating, diarrhea, constipation
2. Diagnosis and treatment of difficult fever
3. hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, ascites
預約
（供稿：特需部 何濛濛）
TONGREN HOSPITAL
上海交通大學醫學院附屬同仁醫院
歡迎關注同仁醫院官方微信服務號
原標題：《雙語專欄丨疫苗系列之肝癌的剋星 —— B肝疫苗的接種》
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