肯定:「as+形容詞 / 副詞原級+as」或「as+形容詞 / 副詞原級+名詞+as...」
My brother is as tall as I.
I will run as fast as I can.
否定:"not as+形容詞 / 副詞原級+as...」
The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that in Wuhan.
(1) 一般單音節詞和少數以-er、-ow結尾的雙音節詞比較級在後面加-er,最高級在後面加-est;
a.單音節詞
如:
small--smaller--smallest
short--shorter--shortest
tall--taller--tallest
great--greater--greatest
b.雙音節詞
如:
clever--cleverer--cleverest
narrow--narrower--narrowest
(2) 以不發音e結尾的單音節詞,比較級在原級後加-r,最高級在原級後加-st;
如:
large--larger--largest
nice--nicer--nicest
able--abler--ablest
brave--braver--bravest
(3) 在重讀閉音節(即:輔音+元音+輔音)中,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,比較級加-er,最高級加-est;
如:
big--bigger--biggest
hot--hotter--hottest
fat--fatter--fattest
wet--wetter--wettest
thin--thinner--thinnest
#元音劃分#:元音是構成音節的主體,輔音是音節的分界線。
1)兩輔音之間不管有多少元音,一般都是一個音節。如:bed,bet,seat,beat。
2)兩元音字母之間有一個輔音字母時,輔音字母歸後一音節。如:stu'dent,la'bour。
3)有兩個輔音字母時,一個輔音字母歸前一音節,一個歸後一音節。如:let'ter,win'ter。
4)不能拆分的字母組合按字母組合劃分音節。如:fa'ther,tea'cher。
#重讀閉音節#:一個元音字母加一個或幾個輔音字母構成的音節,元音字母發短元音,如:sit。也就是所謂的元音字母不是它本身的字母音。
(4) 以「輔音字母+y」結尾的雙音節詞,把y改為i,比較級加er,最高級加-est;
如:
easy--easier--easiest
heavy--heavier--heaviest
busy--busier--busiest
happy-happier-happiest
(5) 其他雙音節詞和多音節詞,比較級在前面加more,最高級在前面加most;
如:
beautiful--more beautiful--most beautiful
different--more different--most different
easily--more easily--most easily
注意:
a.形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞the,副詞最高級前可不用。
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
b.形容詞most前面沒有the,不表示最高級的含義,只表示「非常」。
It is a most important problem.
=It is a very important problem.
(6) 有少數形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規則的,必須熟記。
如:
good--better--best
well--better--best
bad--worse--worst
ill--worse--worst
old--older / elder--oldest / eldest
many / much--more--most
little--less--least
far--further / farther--furthest / farthest
(1) 基本用法
a.形容詞和副詞的比較級可以單獨使用。
Who is better?
It was louder in the classroom.
Be more serious next time.
b.和than連用,表示兩者相比。
She is smarter than me.
My father is more hard-working than my mother.
(2) 特殊用法
a.「比較級+and+比較級」或「more and more +原級」表示「越來越...」。
This city is becoming more and more. beautiful.
The weather is becoming colder and colder.
b.在含有or的選擇疑問句中,如果有兩者供選擇,前面的形容詞要用比較級形式。
Who is taller,Tim or Tom?
c.「the +比較級...,the+ 比較級」,表示「越...越...」。
The more money you make, the more you spend.
The sooner, the better.
d.常考的than的比較結構:
more than 不僅僅是;
more..than 比...多 、與其說..不如說;
nothing more than 只不過是;
anything less than 毫不、絕不;
nothing less than 簡直、就是;
better than 比...更好;
rather than 而不是;
other than 除了;
less than 少於;
no less than 多達、簡直是、與...一樣;
no...more than...兩者都不;
no...better than 與...一樣、簡直就是;
not...any more than 正如...不能
#可修飾比較級的詞#:
1)a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,
a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,even等。
2)還可以用表示倍數的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。
3)以上詞(除by far)外,必須置於比較級形容詞或副詞的前面。
(1) 基本用法
a. the+最高級+比較範圍,表示「最..」,形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞the。
Tom is the tallest student in the class.
Don't go Sun Hotel, it has the worst service in town.
b.最高級一般總在這些詞後,by far,far,much,mostly和almost。
This hat is almost the biggest.
注意:very也可修飾最高級,但位置是放在the後。
This is the very farthest.
c.最高級常跟在序數詞後。
Guo Hua is the second tallest in the class.
Africa is the second largest continent.
(2) 最高級標誌
a.含有in / of的介詞短語。
(of...和in...的區別:of+複數;in+範圍、場所)
My sister is the cleaver in our family.
I study the best of all kids.
b. "one of the+形容詞最高級+可數名詞複數」結構,意為「在眾多當中、最...之一」
Beijing is one of the busiest cities on the world.
c.在句型"Who / Which..., A,BorC?" 中,當比較對象有三者或三者以上時,形容詞用最高級。
Which fruit do you like best,
banana, apple or strawberry ?
(3) 特殊用法
a."否定詞語+比較級"、"否定詞語+so...as"結構表示最高級含義。
Nothing is so easy as this.
= Nothing is easier than this.
= This is the easiest thing.
b.比較級與最高級的轉換
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
=Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.
c."most+複數名詞」、「most of thet+複數名詞」、「most of+代詞」,表示「大多數,大部分的...」。
Most people like apples.
Most of the boys are good.
Most of (his books) them were written here.
(1)A is...times the size/height/length/width of B.
The new building is the three times the height of the old one.
這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高。)
(2)A is...times as big/high/long/wide/large as B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍。)
(3)A is...times large/higher/longer/wider than B.
Our school is twice bigger than yours.
我們學校比你們學校大兩倍。