2017年12月六級語法:sure與certain的用法與區別

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  2017年12月大學英語六級語法用法辨析匯總

  一、兩者在用法上的相同點

  兩者都可用作表語,表示「一定」或「確信」,有時可互換。互換的場合應注意以下幾點用法:

  1. 表示說話者的態度或看法

  即表示說話者自己的態度或看法,其意為「一定會」「肯定會」。此時主要用法有:

  (1) 單獨用作表語。如:

  One thing was sure [certain]: they'd be late. 有一件事是確定無疑的,他們會遲到。

  (2) 後接不定式。如:

  He's certain [sure] to win. 他一定會成功。

  They're certain [sure] to need help. 他們肯定需要幫助。

  If you do this, you are certain [sure] to be found out. 如果你這樣做一定會被發現。

  2. 表示句子主語的判斷或信念

  即表示句子主語對某一情況的判斷或信念,其意為「相信」「確信」「有把握」等。此時通常用於以下結構:

  (1) 後接of [about] sth。如:

  He is certain [sure] of success. 他確信會成功。

  Are you certain of [about] that? 你對此有把握嗎?

  (2) 後接 of doing sth。如:

  Our team is certain [sure] of winning. 我們隊有把握贏。

  You can be sure [certain] of his agreeing. 你可以放心他會同意。

  比較同義句:

  He is certain [sure] of winning.

  =He is sure [certain] that he will win. 他自信會贏。

  (3) 後接 that / whether / if 從句。如:

  I am sure [certain] that he is honest. 我肯定他是誠實的。

  I'm sure [certain] that it's not your fault. 我敢肯定這不是你的錯。

  Are you certain [sure] that this is the right road? 你肯定這條路對嗎?

  註:當be sure [certain]為肯定式或疑問式時,後接that從句;當be sure [certain]為否定式時,後接whether [if]從句。如:

  I'm not sure [certain] whether he still works there. 我不能肯定他是否還在那裡工作。

  I wasn't sure [certain] whether he would agree. 我不太肯定他是否會同意。

  He wasn't sure [certain] whether he would be able to get back in time. 他不能肯定他是否能準時回來。

  (4) 後接其他從句。如:

  I'm not sure [certain] where she lives. 我不能肯定她住在哪裡。

  I'm not certain [sure] who wrote it. 我不太清楚這是誰寫的。

  二、只能用certain的情形

  以下情況通常只用certain,而不用sure:

  1. 當句中用了形式主語或形式賓語 it 時。如:

  It's certain that he'll come tomorrow. 他明天肯定會來。

  I thought it certain that he would be late. 我肯定他會遲到。

  It's certain that prices will go up. 價格肯定會上漲。

  It's not certain how much it will cost. 這要花多少錢還不確定。

  2. 當表示「某一」「某些」時。如:

  A certain Mr Green wants to see you. 有個叫格林先生的人想見你。

  Certain plants are good to eat but others are not. 有些植物好吃, 而其他一些則不好吃。

  三、只能用sure的情形

  在 Be sure (not) to do sth.(一定要或不要做某事)這類祈使句中通常不用 certain。如:

  Be sure not to forget it. 千萬別忘記啦。

  Be sure to get there before nine. 務必在九點前到達。

  Be sure to turn off the light when leave. 離開時一定要關燈。

  四、兩者在習語中的用法

  1. 用於 for certain / for sure, 意為「肯定地」「確切地」等,兩者可互換。如:

  I can't say for certain [sure] when he will come. 我不敢肯定地說他什麼時候來。

  No one knows for sure [certain] what happened to her. 沒有人確切地知道她出了什麼事。

  2. 用於 make certain / make sure,意為「弄清楚」「弄得有把握」,兩者可互換。如:

  They made certain [sure] (that) they weren't late. 他們有把握不遲到。

  I think there's a train at 10:40, but you'd better make certain [sure] of it. 我想10:40有趟火車,但你最好去核實一下。

  2017年12月大學英語六級語法用法辨析匯總


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