11.05 每日一題
He put all the reference books in the cupboard ( ) he borrowed from the library
A. where
B. in that
C. which
D. in which
答案：C。
句意：他把從圖書館借來的所有參考書都放在櫥櫃裡。
分析：此句考察定語從句引導詞。本題的解題關鍵在於找準先行詞，分析句意可知，從句的先行詞實際上是reference books而不是cupboard。「borrow sth from some place」表示「從某處/地借來某物」，which在定語從句中作賓語，代表先行詞「reference books」，此題選C。而之所以不選A選項的原因是：where引導定語從句時，是在從句中作地點狀語，而從句中需要主語或賓語的時候，就不能用關係副詞where了，只能用關係代詞which或that。可參考下面的例句：This is the factory which (that) I visited last year.
11.6每日一題
Some criminal courts have overcrowded schedules and (a backlog) of cases.
A. a file
B. a set
C. an accumulation
D. an arrangement
答案：C。
句意：一些刑事法庭的日程安排過緊，積壓了許多案件。
分析：題中backlog指「積累(積壓、待辦事項)」。選項中，file「文件，文件夾，檔案」；a set of「一系列，一套，一副」；accumulation「積累，堆積」；arrangement「安排，布置，排列」。C選項與題幹中的「a backlog」所表達的意思相符，為正確答案。
11.05 每日一篇翻譯
When she teased journalists that she didn't understand when they said her songs were raunchy, she wasn't lying.The delivery might sound sexy, but they weren't about a man.In her music she slipped into the zone, just as she had when she began at New Bethel Baptist, wobbling on her little chair.
11.06每日一篇翻譯
When she sang You make me feel like/A natural woman, head arched proudly back, one hand patting her hair, she was singing to God, just as when she screamed out her passion as a sinner cleansed by the blood of the Lamb: When my soul was in the lost and found/You came along to claim it.And when she threw out her arms wide under the spotlights, it was not to thank the fans who clamoured for her as much as to say, Precious Lord, take my hand
11.04每日一篇翻譯參考譯文
年輕的艾瑞莎沉湎於菸酒來逃避這一切，而逐漸成熟之後，她開始醉心於廚藝，在烹飪香蕉布丁的過程中尋找慰藉，也開始喜歡穿更加閃亮和豔麗的禮服，儘管自己的身體開始發福。她也曾經嘗試過針織，並且始終拒絕坐飛機。「我在風暴中心呆的時間夠久了」。
她整天思考和感悟的事情就是在舞臺上如何毫無保留地盡情地展現自己。而在生活中，她為自己築了道高牆，把人們擋在牆外。儘管如此，還是有人能夠透過這層高牆進入她的內心，而其他人可能只能靠猜，這個人能夠理解她如此悲傷的緣由。他看到了她掩藏的傷口。
11.05 每日一篇閱讀
Tight-lipped elders used to say, 「It's not what you want in this world, but what you get.」
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.
Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.
This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your 「wares」 and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.
習題
1. What do the elders mean when they say, 「It's not what you want in this world, but what you get.」?
[A] You'll certainly get what you want.
[B] It's no use dreaming.
[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
[D] It's essential to set a goal for yourself.
2. [A] blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as ________.
[A] an illustration of how to write an application for a job
[B] an indication of how to secure a good job
[C] a guideline for job description
[D] a principle for job evaluation
3. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job because ________.
[A] that is the first step to please the employer
[B] that is the requirement of the employer
[C] it enables him to know when to sell his services
[D] it forces him to become clearly aware of himself
4. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something ________.
[A] definite to offer
[B] imaginary to provide
[C] practical to supply
[D] desirable to present
全文翻譯
出言謹慎的年長者過去總說：「重要的不是在這個世界上你想要什麼，而是你得到了什麼。」
心理學教導人們，如果你知道自己需要什麼、並且要求合理，你就能得到它。
你可以在頭腦裡勾畫出願望的藍圖，如同設計房屋的藍圖一樣。而我們每個人在日常生活中都在不停地勾畫著這樣的願望藍圖。比方說，想請朋友吃晚餐，我們就會籌劃菜譜、列購物單、決定先煮什麼菜等，這樣的籌劃對於舉行任何形式的宴請都是必不可少的。
同樣，如果你想找一份工作，那就拿一張紙，寫一份對自我的簡單描述吧。為找工作制訂計劃藍圖時，要從你自己開始，因為只有當確切知道你可以提供什麼服務時，你才能明智地籌劃到哪兒去推銷它們。
對自我的描述實際上是對你的職業生涯的簡介，它應包括教育背景、經驗和證明材料。這樣的描述是很有價值的，在填寫標準的申請表格時可作為參照，在面試時更是尤為有用。在與你面談時，你未來的僱主將根據你的教育背景、經驗和其他的資歷來確定僱用你是否值得，因此你必須把你「待售的物品」和能力以有序而合理連貫的方式呈現出來。
當你為自己的能力和願望仔細地籌劃了一幅藍圖後，你就有實在的東西可以推銷了。那時你就準備去找工作，先搜集所有與你可能選擇的工作相關的信息，對工作和公司的詳情進行調查，留心看，留意聽，使用你的判斷力。每天花一定的時間尋找你想要的工作，請記住：找工作就是你現在的工作。
重點句
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.
該句意義：
第一個段落中有萬能的理由，「心理學教會我們……」，其內容是在闡述計劃於得到之間的關係，完全可以運用於將來的寫作之中。
第二個段落是對於第一個段落的具體說明。該段落以蓋房子和請客吃飯為例，將第一段的抽象化內容具體化，使之更加易於為讀者所理解。各位同學們也可以將這個內容帶入寫作之中，但是並不是完全的照抄，而是有一個類似例子即可。
該句語法：
（1）「that」賓語從句： that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
（2）「what」賓語從句：
A . what you want
B . what you want
（3）條件狀語從句： if you know what you want and want the right things.
（4）省略結構：and want the right things.=and you want the right things.
（5）虛擬語氣：You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house
（6）省略結構： we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, =we plan the menu, we make a shopping list, we decide which food to cook first,
（7）代詞指代：such planning=we plan the menu, we make a shopping list, we decide which food to cook first,
習題答案
1What do the elders mean when they say, 「It's not what you want in this world, but what you get」?
1年長者說：「It's not what you want in this world, but what you get」是什麼意思？
［A］ You'll certainly get what you want.
［A］ 你肯定能得到自己想要的東西
［B］ It's no use dreaming.
［B］ 夢想沒有用
［C］ You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
［C］ 你不應該滿足於自己已有的東西（所得）
［D］ It's essential to set a goal for yourself.
［D］ 為自己確立一個目標（所想）是非常重要的
2.A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as .
2.文中提到邀請朋友吃飯前制定的計劃藍圖是用來作為 。
［A］ an illustration of how to write an application for a job
［A］怎樣寫求職書的說明
［B］ an indication of how to secure a good job
［B］ 獲得一份好工作的暗示
［C］ a guideline for job description
［C］ 職位描述上的指導
［D］ a principle for job evaluation
［D］ 工作評估原則
3.According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job because .
3.根據文章內容，開始找工作之前必須寫一個對自我的描述，原因是 。
［A］ that is the first step to please the employer
［A］ 這是取悅僱主的第一步
［B］ that is the requirement of the employer
［B］ 這是僱主的要求
［C］ it enables him to know when to sell his services
［C］ 這使他明白何時去推銷自己的服務
［D］ it forces him to become clearly aware of himself
［D］ 這使他能夠清楚地了解自己
14.When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something .
14.當你就自己的能力和願望精心準備了一個計劃藍圖後，你就有的東西 。
［A］ definite to offer
［A］ 明確可提供
［B］ imaginary to provide
［B］ 想像可提供
［C］ practical to supply
［C］ 實際可提供
［D］ desirable to present
［D］ 可提供的令人滿意
重點單詞
intendvt. 想要，計劃，打算，意指
applicationn. 應用; 申請; 專心 n. 應用軟體程序
illustrationn. 插圖，例證，說明，圖解
routinen. 例行公事，常規，無聊 adj. 常規的，例行的，乏
evaluationn. 估價，評價
secureadj. 安全的，牢靠的，穩妥的 vt. 固定，獲得，使
definiteadj. 明確的，確切的，有把握的
principlen. 原則，原理，主義，信念
supplyn. 補給，供給，供應，貯備 vt. 補給，供給，提供，
indicationn. 表示，指示，象徵
11.06 每日一篇閱讀
It doesn't come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it. You just waste your valuable time. Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting.
One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading. You remember better what you read when you know why you're reading.
Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her offer to help is, 「No, thank you. I'm just looking」? Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it. But suppose you say instead, 「Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun glasses.」 She says, 「Right this way, please.」 And you and she are off -- both eager to look for exactly what you want.
It's quite the same with your studying. If you chose a book at random, 「just looking」 for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that -- nothing. But if you do know what you want, and if you have the right book, you are almost sure to get it. Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying 「to find out more about」, 「to understand the reasons for」, 「to find out how」. A good student has a clear purpose or reason for what he is doing.
This is the way it works. Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, 「I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America. I'm reading this article to find out.」 Or, 「I'm going to skim this story to see what life was like in medieval England.」 Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better.
Reading is not one single activity. At least two important processes go on at the same time. As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author. If you expressed your ideas orally, they might sound like this: 「Yes, I agree. That's my opinion too.」 or 「Ummmm, I thought that record was broken much earlier. I'd better check those dates,」 or 「But there are some other facts to be considered!」 You don't just sit there taking in ideas -- you do something else, and that something else is very important.
This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader. One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opinions are one's own personal reactions.
Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.
習題
1. If you cannot remember what you read or study, ________.
[A] it is no surprise
[B] it means you have not really learned anything
[C] it means you have not chosen the right book
[D] you realize it is of no importance
2. Before you start reading, it is important ________.
[A] to make sure why you are reading
[B] to relate the information to your purpose
[C] to remember what you read
[D] to choose an interesting book
3. Reading activity involves ________.
[A] only two simultaneous processes
[B] primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically
[C] merely distinguishing between facts and opinions
[D] mainly drawing accurate inferences
4. A good reader is one who ________.
[A] relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter
[B] does lots of thinking in his reading
[C] takes a critical attitude in his reading
[D] is able to check the facts presented against what he has already known
全文翻譯
如果你不能記住你所讀或者所學的東西，那你讀什麼或學什麼就無關緊要了，這一點毫不出奇。這樣不過是浪費寶貴時間罷了。不過，或許你早已發現一些聰明的方法來避免遺忘。
一種幫助你記住所學內容的可靠方法就是有目的或有原因的閱讀。如果你清楚你為何而閱讀，那麼你對所閱讀的內容就會記得更牢靠些。
當你拒絕商店售貨員的幫助（「不，謝謝，我只是看看」）時，為什麼售貨員就轉身走開了呢？這是因為你和她都知道，如果你不確定自己要什麼，你也不大可能會有所收穫。然而，假設你的回答是「是的，謝謝，我想買一副太陽鏡。」她會回答，「好的，請這邊走。」然後你和她就向「目的地」走去——都迫切地去尋找你想要的東西。
這與你的學習過程非常相似。如果你隨機選擇了一本書，「只是看看」而不是尋找具體東西，那麼你所得到的很可能是——一無所獲。但是，如果你知道你想要什麼，而你手頭又有正確的書，那麼你幾乎肯定會獲得你所想要的東西。你的緣由可能大不相同：閱讀或學習是為了「找出更多信息」、「為了理解原因」和「為了找出方法」。一個好學生對於他所做的事情總有一個明確的目的或原因。
這就是奏效的方法。在開始學習之前，你這樣告訴自己，「我想知道史蒂芬·文森特·貝尼特為什麼這樣描寫美國。我讀這篇文章就是要找出原因。」或者「我要通讀這篇文章，看看中世紀英格蘭的生活到底是什麼樣子的。」由於你知道閱讀或學習的原因，你就可以將這些信息與你的目的緊密聯繫，並更好地記住它。
閱讀並不是一項獨立的行為，期間至少兩個重要過程同時發生。在閱讀時，你能夠迅速而又準確地理解內容，同時在對所讀內容予以反應時也在表述自己的思想。你與作者進行一種精神對話。如果你口頭表述你的想法的話，它們很可能是「是的，我同意，我的想法也是這樣。」或是「嗯……，我以為這項紀錄早就被打破了。我最好還是再查查日期。」或是「但是還要考慮一些其他的事實！」你並不只是坐在那裡理解內容——你還在做其他的事情，而這些事情往往非常重要。
對所閱讀的內容進行思考的附加過程包括評估這些內容、將其與已知信息相聯繫，並根據自身目的來進行應用。換句話說，一位好讀者也是一位批判性的讀者。正如你所發現的，批判性閱讀的一部分就是區分事實與觀點。事實可以通過證據來確認，而觀點只是個人反應。
批判性閱讀還包括評判來源和進行準確推理。
重點句
It doesn't come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it. You just waste your valuable time. Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting.
該句意義：
該句的語法結構令人髮指，而其講解的有關與學習的道理其卻可以在有關於學習和成長的寫作內容中使用。即，一個人如果不知道自己在學什麼，那麼所學的是什麼也便沒有區別。只是浪費時間而已。這種道理用於考研寫作無敵……
該句語法：
（1）形式主語「it」：It doesn't come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it.
該句中真正的主語為： to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it.
該句應為：[ to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it] doesn't come as a surprise
（2）形式主語「it」：it makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it
該句中真正的主語為：what you read or study if you can't remember it
該句應為：[ what you read or study if you can't remember it] makes no difference
（3）條件狀語從句：if you can't remember it
（4）「maybe」的使用：maybe為副詞，在句中做狀語修飾謂語「have discovered」。
答案
1. If you cannot remember what you read or study, ________.
1. 如果你不能記住所閱讀或學習的內容，________。
[A] it is no surprise
[A] 這毫不出奇
[B] it means you have not really learned anything
[B] 這意味著你沒有真正學到任何東西
[C] it means you have not chosen the right book
[C] 這意味著你沒有選對閱讀的書籍
[D] you realize it is of no importance
[D] 你意識到這無所謂
2. Before you start reading, it is important ________.
2. 在你開始閱讀之前，有必要________。
[A] to make sure why you are reading
[A] 確定你閱讀的原因
[B] to relate the information to your purpose
[B] 將信息與目的聯繫起來
[C] to remember what you read
[C] 記住你所讀的內容
[D] to choose an interesting book
[D] 選擇有趣的讀物
3. Reading activity involves ________.
3. 閱讀行為包括________。
[A] only two simultaneous processes
[A] 僅僅兩個同時發生的過程
[B] primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically
[B] 主要是理解內容和批判性地評估內容
[C] merely distinguishing between facts and opinions
[C] 僅僅區分事實與觀點
[D] mainly drawing accurate inferences
[D] 主要進行準確推理
4. A good reader is one who ________.
4. 一位好讀者是________。
[A] relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter
[A] 將其所讀的內容與其了解的主題相關知識聯繫起來
[B] does lots of thinking in his reading
[B] 在閱讀過程中進行大量思考
[C] takes a critical attitude in his reading
[C] 對閱讀採取批判性的態度
[D] is able to check the facts presented against what he has already known
[D] 能夠將所讀到的事實與已知事實核對
重點單詞
additionaladj. 附加的，另外的
checkn. 檢查，支票，帳單，制止，阻止物，檢驗標準，方格圖案
skimvt. 撇去浮沫，略讀，掠過，滑過 vi. 掠過，覆蓋了
conversationn. 會話，談話
valuableadj. 貴重的，有價值的 n. (pl.)貴重物品
medievaladj. 中世紀的
reactvt. 作出反應 vi. 起反應，起作用，反攻
evidencen. 根據，證據 v. 證實，證明
merelyadv. 僅僅，只不過
varyv. 變化，改變，使多樣化