複合句：主句+從句
意思上來講主句是主要的。
但是從句才是我們學習的重點。從句有各種各樣的變化，從句要作不同的成分的，主句與從句間要加不同的連接詞，可能有時候還要倒置。
例句：America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.
America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work（這一部分為主句）。
unless從句1前的連接詞。 banks mark assets to levels 從句1。表示條件的從句。如果...
which從句2前的連接詞。buyers find attractive 從句2。修飾前面levels的定語從句。
（一）名詞性從句（當成名詞來用的句子）
包括：1、賓語從句（最重要）；2、表語從句（最不重要）；3、主語從句（一般重要）；4、同位語從句（一般重要）。
4種從句的寫法一樣，不一樣的是位置不一樣。
先看：1、賓語從句（最重要）
1）含義：是一個作賓語的句子，位置是把它放到主句裡作主句的賓語。
例句：The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years.
全句是一個主句，但是that many species have endured for millions of years作了該主句的賓語。即that many species have endured for millions of years為賓語從句。
2）賓語從句的寫法：先寫兩簡單句，其中一個簡單句作主句時省略掉賓語，然後將另一個簡單句接到作主句的賓語位置當賓語即可，但是要注意連接詞的使用。
那麼連接詞該如何用呢？
a、陳述句變賓語從句
例如：Dr . Worm acknowledges ......
These figures are conservative.（將這個陳述句放到上面這個句子裡當賓語，如何放呢？）
Dr . Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative.其中that不作成分，可以將that省略，但建議不要省略。
我們的試題裡面經常確又是省略了的（有點坑啊！！）
例如：We believe consumers should have more control.
believe 後面為賓語從句 that 省略掉了。
As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.
know 後面為賓語從句 that 省略掉了。
b、特殊疑問句變賓語從句
例如：We suddenly can't remember ......
Where did we put the keys just a moment ago?
注意觀察：變化前where......是個疑問句，而we suddenly .... 是陳述句，規矩不一樣，所以得改，將疑問句改為陳述句樣式。故調整語序，只需動主語。
We suddenly can't remember where we put the keys just a moment ago.
其中we did put 等於 we put（注意這裡的put是過去時哦）
特殊疑問句自帶了連接詞（如where），所以不用重新加連接詞了。
c、一般疑問句變賓語從句
I don't know ......
Are other clients going to abandon me, too?
注意觀察：變化前後的句式不一樣。故又需要變化句型。調整語序，只動主語；但是要注意保留是否的含義。用if 或者whether作連接詞,建議用whether（這個是100%可用的，if有時不能用）
I don't know whether other clients are going to abandon me , too ...
注意：如果主句不是陳述句，賓語從句照樣變成陳述句。
例如：Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads?
Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers?
3）賓語從句的位置：
3種位置：a、動賓：（動單賓：及物動詞+從句；動雙賓：及物動詞+人+從句）（90%以上為這種類型）
... scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental effort.
believe及物動詞+賓語從句（用that連接詞連接）：動單賓
This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells...
explain及物動詞+賓語從句（用why連接詞連接）：動單賓
... users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.
tell 及物動詞+advertisers（人）+賓語從句（用that連接詞連接）：動雙賓
b、介賓
例如：This and other similar cases raise the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics.
of介詞+賓語從句（whether作連接詞）：介賓
... those differences are swamped by how well each person "encodes" the information.
by介詞+賓語從句（how 作連接詞）：介賓
c、形容詞+賓語從句（出現的機率小，簡單了解）
例如：... he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
certain形容詞+賓語從句（that 作連接詞）：形容詞+賓語從句（近15年就出現過這一次）
【補充三種】：
d、非謂語動詞+賓語從句
注意：只要是及物動詞，後面就可以接賓語從句，無論該動詞作謂語還是非謂語動詞。
例如：You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
to assume非謂語動詞+賓語從句（that作連接詞）
Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals.
suggesting非謂語動詞 +賓語從句（that作連接詞）
e、多個賓語從句同時出現
例句：To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.
To filter out非謂語動詞+賓語從句（用what連接詞連接）
from介詞+賓語從句（用what連接詞連接）
to understand非謂語動詞+賓語從句（用how連接詞連接）
+賓語從句（用what連接詞連接）並用and表示並列關係。
f、賓語從句後置，it形式賓語
要求兩個條件：1、賓語從句太長；2、必須在主謂賓補句型中。
例如：That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.
less likely作補語，故將賓語從句後置（用that作連接詞）。