TEM8--專八改錯
應後臺英專生最強烈呼喚的更新訴求，專八題型詳細攻略、首選改錯題型。
聽力得分靠平時的練習和三分運氣得分、閱讀題靠情商和詞彙量上分、翻譯考語言基本功、作文是結合自己考前纂寫的萬能模版和全能句式詞組。
說到改錯，大家平時在應試教育考試中也沒有碰到過這個新鮮題型——絕對是大家最頭疼的一道題，大多數也只能對3-5個（全錯也有體驗，心態別崩）。當然，運氣好的話，6—7個算是好的。這裡滿滿的走心乾貨——你一定要弄懂摸清他的出題套路來甄別考點，睜大眼睛，拿好你的技巧本兒（區別於改錯本，在改錯區域做筆記）
——乾貨來了——
備考資料：華研、星火專項題型（2選1、我個人偏向星火）、以鄒申為總顧問的衝擊波英語（改錯專項必備、必備）
我挑選的原因很簡單，上篇推送提到過了，
（前者改錯方法太過於單一，後者改錯方法包羅面廣，且鄒老師是前專八題型敏題組老師
第一
帶著挑刺兒的心理看文章，常見錯誤爛熟於心，眼神鎖住你掃的每一個單詞，形成條件反射，看到介詞立馬反應固定搭配，如as ...as結構的考察；看到名詞就要想到名詞的單複數和主謂不一；看到動詞就要想到他的時態混淆（現在分詞和過去分詞誤用、過去式和現在分詞、非謂語動詞等和動詞固定搭配（insist in、devoted to doing等 ）；看到that和which等定語從句（弄清楚that和which或者是別的關係詞的使用）、看到連詞想到上下文的邏輯關係，該用and的時候用了but，該用therefore的時候用了because; 看到形近詞（adopt/adapt, considerate/considerable）、近義詞（rise/arise/raise）、代詞錯誤（尤其是注意區分this和it，切記只有it才能做形式主語，還有them和themselves也容易考）、冠詞問題（零冠詞、定冠詞、不定冠詞分別的用法）等。
咱們把它們展開，這一段，你需要消化的是看到任何一個詞性的詞，你腦子裡需要敏銳地條件反射出它可能的犯錯類型，給我消化消化消化！！不接受任何藉口偷懶！！
前方高能
一、練反應敏銳
1.短語搭配錯誤；2.易混詞錯誤；3.邏輯關係錯誤；4.代詞錯誤（一致錯誤）；5.冠詞錯誤；6.形容詞和副詞使用錯誤；7.成分殘缺或冗餘；8.動詞時態或語態錯誤。（跟我念三遍三遍——搭混邏、代冠形副多動態；搭混邏、代冠形副多動態；搭混邏、代冠形副多動態）這幾個字，你記在心上，你就不怕忘了自己要改錯的方向了，現在你再來回憶一下，對於名詞、動詞、介詞、連詞你需要的快速反應，接下來認認真真、端正態度給我過一遍！1.短語搭配錯誤 （大部分為介詞錯誤）
carry/get with things –> carry/get on with things
in return to –> in return for
the need of –> the need for
substitute A with B –> substitute A for B
under the grounds of/that –> on the grounds of/that
with many respects –> in many respects
at the face of –> in the face(s) of
considerations to… –> considerations for…
become victims of … --> become victims to …
ride in a train –> ride on a train
the problems with the government –> the problems for the government
resistive against –> resistive to
resistance of –> resistance to
embark sth –> embark on sth
with the belief that –> in the belief that
at advance of sth –> in advance of sth
interpret… to –> interpret… as
in line to –> in line with
take pride of –> take pride in
leap out to me –> leap out at me
inject them lethal strains –> inject them with lethal strains
charge him with the same price –> charge him the same price
imbalance of A and B –> imbalance between A and B
shortage of protein with them –> shortage of protein among them
fortify sb for sth –> fortify sb against sth (加強…以抵禦…）
shed light to sth –> shed light on sth
in proportion with –> in proportion to
pay for it with dollars –> pay for it in dollars
be in liberty to –> be at liberty to
begin at doing –> begin with doing
be contrasted to –> be contrasted with
commit an offense to –> commit an offense against
modern time –> modern times
ability of (doing) sth –> ability in (doing) sth
defend sth against –> defend sth from
at the first place –> in the first place
pay money in doing –> pay money for doing
take to do –> take to doing (「求助於，開始」，to為介詞)
yearn to –> yearn for
at average –> on average
identify oneself to –> identify oneself with
be successful on doing –> be successful at/in doing
get one’s teeth on –> get one’s teeth into(埋頭做，認真做)
the action of formation –> the action of forming (of後應接動名詞而非名詞)
approach to do … –> approach to doing …
one contributor of –> one contributor to
consumers demand of luxury goods –> consumers demand for luxury goods
on one’s 30s –> in one’s 30s
balk to –> balk at (迴避，繞過)
differ A from B –> distinguish A from B
suit to sb/sth –> suit for sb/sth
vary by – vary with
emphasis of – emphasis on
2.易混詞錯誤
(1)形近異義詞
imaginative – imaginary
adapt – adopt
confirm – conform
former – formal
diary – dairy
personal – personnel
beside – besides
principal – principle
intelligent – intelligible
conscious – conscientious
stationary – stationery
considerate – considerable
affect(影響) – effect(致使、達成)
contact – contract
moral – morale
industrious – industrial
desert – dessert
require – acquire – inquire
presence – presentation
sensible – sensitive
transformation – transmission
value – evaluate
tense – tension
anything – something
cooker – cook
complexity(複雜性) – complex(合成體)
insurance – assurance
provide(提供) – provided/providing(假設，如果)
perceive – conceive
effective(有效的) – affective(受…影響的，由…引起的)
(2)形近(形異)近義詞
latter – later
late(遲的，已故的) – latest(最晚的，最新的)
farther(距離更遠) – further(程度更進一步)
healthy(健康的) – healthful(有益健康的)
effective – efficient
continual(連續的) – continuous(持續不斷的)
respectable – respectful
historic – historical
rise – arise – raise – arouse
sure – insure – ensure – assure
in return to – in response to
opposite – opposition
producing – productive
lonely – alone
across – cross
impressed -- impressive
permit(n.通行證) – permission
relating – related
memorizing – memorable
normal(n.常態,通常標準,一般水平) – norm(規範,行為標準)
favorite – favorable
acceptability – acceptance
economical – economic
few – little
a few – few
little – a little
invent – discover
before – ago
another – other
agent(代理人) – agency(代理機構)
reward(回饋) – award(獎賞)
special – specific
(3)兼有兩種形式的副詞
firstly – first (firstly用於列舉條目或者表示順序，first表示時間上「第一次、首次」)
hardly(幾乎不) – hard(努力地)
sure – surely
late – lately
clear(完全地、徑直地) – clearly(顯然、清楚地)
high(高度高地) – highly(程度高地、非常)
close(接近地、緊密地) – closely(緊密地、嚴密地)
most(最) – most(大部分)
(4)反義詞
with – without
possible – impossible
subjective – objective
import – export
better – worse
employee – employer
employment – unemployment
modifiable – unmodifiable
natural – unnatural
discernable – indiscernable
lent – borrowed
exclusive – inclusive
independency – dependency
willing – unwilling
nothing more than – nothing less than
agree – disagree
rarely – frequently / often
specific – general
less – more (still more– still less)
most – least
known – unknown
respective – irrespective (irrespective of表示「不管…」)
majority – minority
result in – result from
fortunately -- unfortunately
powerful – powerless
easiness – uneasiness
professional – amateur
aware – unaware
include – exclude
(5) 名詞單複數異義
moral – morals(作名詞時用複數形式,表示「道德、倫理」)
collection(不可數名詞表示「各種因素集合體」) – collections(可數名詞表示「收藏品」)
manner(方法,方式) – manners(禮儀,禮節)
saving – savings(複數表示「存款」)
specie(硬幣) – species(種類)（species只有單數）
mean(n.平均值) – means(方法)
(6) 易混短語
live with(同…一起生活,忍受) – live by(靠…過活)
go about (doing) sth(開始做某事,四處走動,流傳,經常從事於) – go around(四處走動,繞道走)
tend to – intend to
in next week(以當下時間為基準點) – in the next week(以過去的時間為基準點)
spend… in doing sth – spend… on sth
die of(內部) – die from(外部)
rather than – other than
have sb do sth – have sth done
take on(從事，開始對付，呈現) – go on(繼續)
take place – take the place of
consist in(在於) – consist of(包括)
in all(總共) – after all(畢竟)
in return(作為報答) – in turn(反過來，輪流)
one reason for +短語 – one reason why +句子
bring out(使顯露，使顯現) – bring up(教育，培養，提出，(船)抵達目的地)
be worth doing – be worthwhile to do
react to(對…作出反應) – react with(以…作出反應)
apply… to(將…應用於) – apply for(請求，申請)
3.邏輯關係錯誤（連詞使用錯誤）
therefore – nevertheless/however (大部分therefore都要改為however,反之亦然)
and – but / while
or – and
but – because
moreover – however
after – before
since – although
there is no…– there is also…
that – if
from now on – from then on
all – none
besides – yet
if – unless
besides – except
therefore – because
so – because
so does he… – neither/nor does he…
that’s why +結果 – that’s because +原因
as if – even if
whether – if
4.代詞錯誤（一致錯誤）
their – its
that – those (需要特別注意)
which – that (有些情況下關係代詞只能用that)
which – what
it – itself (主賓相同，賓語用反身代詞)
that/this – it (只有it可作形式主語)
his – one’s (泛指時用one)
you – yourself
it – they
this – such
XX is less sophisticated than what they are today – XX is less sophisticated than they are today
5.冠詞錯誤
(1)定冠詞多餘
on the either side –> on either side
in the Europe –> inEurope
in the winter –> in winter (季節前不加定冠詞)
Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book – Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位語間完全對等關係，不必使用冠詞)
take the issue –> take issue(對…持異議，不同意)
(2)定冠詞缺漏
among most –> among the most
one of first –> one of the first
atmosphere –> the atmosphere(表示獨一無二的事物)（另外還有如：the Equator, the Outer-space）
between us and rest –> between us and the rest
in minority –> in the minority
around floor –> around the floor
piano –> the piano (西洋樂器的前面要有定冠詞)
English language –> the English language
at heart of –> at the heart of
world –> the world(表示「地球」這種獨一無二的事物要加定冠詞)
in long run –> in the long run
(3)定冠詞與不定冠詞之間的誤用
illustrate the further difference –> illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及)
注意以下短語的區別
in church – in the church
at college – at the college
in court – in the court
in hospital – in the hospital
in office – in the office
in prison – in the prison
at sea – at the sea
in school – in the school
6.形容詞與副詞使用錯誤
have been currently –> current
be well equipped as –> be as well equipped as
heavy industrialized –> heavily-industrialized
spread colossal –> spread colossally
similar strong –> similarly strong
keep the number constantly at X a year –> keep number constant at X a year
feel hopeless thwarted –> feel hopelessly thwarted
comparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion
(quakes) start deeply in the earth –> start deep in the earth
in the passed 5 years –> in the past 5 years
culture embedded attitudes –> culturally embedded attitudes
as much as –> as often as
from one meter afar –> from one meter away
increasing –> increasingly
simple –> simply
pure –> purely
7.成分殘缺或多餘(單複數錯誤)
a world which I could get… –> a world in which I could get…
shows –> that shows (先行詞在定語從句中作主語，關係代詞不可省略)
take for granted that –> take it for grated that
1980 –1980s
one of the most glaring form –> one of the mist glaring forms
their jobs engage in their interest –> their jobs engage their interest (engage單獨使用表示「佔用（某人時間），吸引（某人注意力）」)
complain sth —> complain about sth
work sth –> work out sth
believe in –believe (believe單獨使用表示一般的「相信」，believe in表示「信任某人，信仰…」)
point sth –> point out sth
20 percents –> 20 percent
eyes contact –> eye contact
seven – seventh
the process which it function –> the process by which it function
communication service –> communications service (通信服務、通訊服務)
average incomes –> average income (income為不可數名詞)
the like of –> the likes of(諸如此類的)
be referred to XX –> be referred to as XX
be viewed as work of are –> be viewed as a work of art(work作為「作品」講時，為可數名詞)
8.時態或語態錯誤
went – go
agreeing – agreed
consisted – consisting
bored – boring
favoring – favored
if she was –> if she were(非真實條件句)
involves – involving
will – would (虛擬語氣中)
delaying – delayed (已完成概念或者被動概念)
the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被動概念)
assure – assures (第三人稱單數)
have – has (要看清句子真正的主語)
developing – developed
confronting – confronted
the least understanding –> the least understood
what the have told – what they have been told
if circumstances be
核心筆記：
①有名詞和代詞時，就要檢查是否有單複數、所有格或指代不一致的錯誤。
②有形容詞、副詞時，要看它修飾的是什麼，兩者不能弄混，如果形容詞、副詞的比較級或者含「as„„as」等結構的句子，檢查一下比較的對象是否前後一致。
③看到動詞在句中作謂語時，要考慮其時態和語態。如果是特殊動詞，就要檢查其用法是否正確，有些後面跟不定式，有些後面加動名詞，還有使役動詞（let，make，have）等後面接不帶to的不定式。發現非謂語動詞時，就要看一下非謂語動詞和邏輯主語是否一致。
④有固定短語時，就要檢查短語搭配是否正確。
⑤發現並列主語、從句、集合名詞、非謂語動詞等作主語，或者together with, as well as等引導的成份修飾主語時，要檢查主謂是否一致。
⑥當有轉折、因果、對比等結構時，看是否有前後文邏輯方面的錯誤。
二、拿到文章開始做題的時候，不要急，給出30秒掃描文章。看看文章大意和做到整體把握文章結構；第一遍讀原文的時候，帶著上一節已經給你培養好的詞性反應，腦袋迅速反應，第一遍你先把一些你覺得一眼就能看得出的錯誤，特別明顯的找出來（時態混用、that which等關係詞混用、固定搭配混用等等；對於找不出錯誤的，不要慌，第二遍綜合語境再來找；大家千萬注意的是不要一開始就著急一個一個找出來，單看句子從而忽略整體文章的語境，這是萬萬不可的，你不僅會割裂各個句子之間的邏輯聯繫，導致沒讀懂原文在講什麼，最後很多錯誤都找不出來（比如說邏輯錯誤，語際錯誤只有在讀懂原文之後才能找出來）
三、請你記住，這是很重要的也是最容易忽略的，10個改錯題連續3個都是詞組搭配錯誤，那麼恭喜你，答錯了，趕緊改，同樣性質的錯誤幾乎不可能連續出現。如果你發現自己連續找出兩個甚至三個同樣性質的錯誤，那麼你需要重新換個思路再來改。10個全部做完，別留空！別留空！10個空，最多15分鐘做，千千萬萬不要拖拉，記住，你沒有任何一分鐘是多餘的！
四、改錯題把你改過的文章再檢查一遍，看看文章前後邏輯是否連貫。