高考英語必備——特殊句式(一)感嘆句
高考英語必備——特殊句式(二)倒裝
省略句在考試中直接考察的不多,但是在閱讀理解中,完形填空中會造成翻譯錯誤,水平弱的同學只看紅色部分即可;水平高的同學建議看完全文。
分類
說明
例句
句
子
成
分
的
省略
省略主語
(It)Doesn't matter.沒關係。
省略謂語
I won the first race and Tom(won)the second.
我贏了第一場比賽,湯姆贏了第二場。
省略賓語
I don't know(it).我不知道這件事。
省略表語
Is he a student? Yes,he is (a student).他是一名學生嗎?是的,他是。
省略定語
Part of the money belongs to my mother and the rest (of the money) belongs to my father.一部分錢屬於我媽媽,其餘的錢屬於我爸爸。
省略狀語
He was not hurt.(How)Strange! 他沒有受傷。真奇怪!
省略從句
I would accept the invitation (if I were you).(如果我是你)我會接受邀請的。
省略整句
Will you teach English to the students ? Yes.(I will teach English to the students.)你要教學生英語嗎? 是的。
小
品
詞
的
省略
省略介詞
He is busy (in) doing his homework.他正在忙著寫作業。
省略連詞that
I am sure (that)we will succeed.我確信我們會成功。
省略關係代詞
This is the dress (which)I bought in Shanghai. 這是我在上海買的裙子。
固
定
結
構
中
的
省略
強調句型強調疑問詞時,常省略強調句型中的that
When was it(that)you received his e-mail?
你收到他的電子郵件是什麼時候?
在 if,when,though,as if等連詞引導從句時,如從句中的主要動詞是be,與主句主語一致或者主語是it,常將主語和be動詞省略(語法填空中考察較多)
If(it is)necessary,we will go there by air.
如果有必要,我們會乘飛機去那裡。
Henry looked about as if (he were)in search of something.亨利向四周環視,似乎在尋找什麼。
在口語中,為了避免重複,不定式可以省去和前面句子相同的動詞,只保留不定式符號to
You may go home if you wish to (go home).
如果你願意,你可以回家了。
由固定詞組引導的疑問句
How about playing football? 去蹋球怎麼樣?
Why not go there with us? 為什麼不和我們一起去?
用so,not等來省略上文或問句中的一部分或整個句義
Can he finish the work on time?
I think so.(I think he can finish the work on time.)
他能按時完成工作嗎?我認為他能。
並列複合句中一些相同的成分可以省略
We tried to help her but (we tried)in vain.
我們試著幫助她,但是沒有用。
This clock works well but that one doesn't(work well).這個鐘錶運行得很好,但是那個不行。
強調句比較簡單,一定要學會如何在書面表達中正確的使用。
「It is/was…who/that…」強調句型是重要的句型之一。
此句型可強調主語、賓語、狀語。
如果強調謂語時,用do/does/did+動詞原形。
高考通常考查強調句與幾個易混句型連詞的使用和強調句的問句。
強調句型注意事項
說明
例句
1強調主語,其後的謂語動詞和主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
It is he who/that often does good deeds.
It is I who/that am looking for you.
2 強調部分除了指人可用who/whom,其他只能用that
It is the book that I want.
3 not until…句型的強調句
It was not until you told me that I realized my mistake.
可轉換為以下句型:
1) Not until you told me did I realize my mistake.(注意,需要用部分倒裝)
2) 2) I didn’t realize my mistake until you told me.
4與主語從句(It is / was… that - clause)的區別
1)It is true/a fact that they won the game.(it是形式主語)
2)It was in Xiamen that I first met him.(強調句的特點:去掉It was…that後句子仍成立。
5與 「It be…before (時間過多久才…)
since(自…以來多長時間了)句型的區別
It was two hours before he worked out the problem.(兩個小時後他才算出這道題)
It is two years since he joined the army.(他參軍兩年了)
6與 「It be…when/where定語從句的區別(難點)
It was in 1919 that he was born.( (強調句)
It was 1919 when the May 4th Movement took place. ( 定語從句)
It was in Bejing that I met him.( (強調句)
It was Beijing where I met him.( 定語從句)
(聲明:文章內容由高考英語(ID:gaokaoyingyu150)精心整理並校對,轉載請標明出處!)