考研英語大綱規定:考生要理解主旨大意(中心主旨題)、理解文章的具體信息(細節題)、進行有關的判斷推理和引申(推理題)、根據上下文推測生詞的詞義(詞義題)、作者的意圖觀點或態度等(態度題)。我們將大綱中對考生的要求進行了歸類,進行了總結。
我們先從整體上說一下閱讀的做題方法。我們提倡先題後文的做題順序。拿到一篇閱讀時,先看題幹,注意一定要讀懂題幹,然後串聯題幹,這樣你會預判出文章主要講的內容,甚至可以做出一道主旨題。如:2011年text3 31.Consumers may create earned media when they are
32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media feature
33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media
34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of
35. Which of the following is the text mainly about
[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.
[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.
[C] Dominance of hijacked media.
[D] Popularity of owned media.
當我們串完題幹以後,我們發現這篇文章講的是media,但我們發現35題四個選項中都有media,然後我們發現文章中講的是多中media,所以我們可以排除兩個選項CD。因為CD選項講的都是一種media。所以做對題的機率達到了50%。
我們來重點講一下,時間對比的做題方法。當我們看到「used to」、「no longer」、「while」、「today」、「now」的時候要特別注意!特別注意!特別注意!主要的事情說三遍。「used to」表示過去常常,過去怎麼樣,「no longer」是現在不在這樣了;「while」這個單詞在考研英語閱讀中考的幾乎都是儘管的意思,其逗號後面是重點。 儘管怎麼怎樣,「today」今天怎麼樣;「today」、「now」出現前方高能,這有可能就是中心思想答案出處。如:2011text3
The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional 「paid」 media such as television commercials and print advertisements still play a major role,companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create 「owned」 media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.
還是剛才那道主旨題,我們排除CD以後,下面我們可以用時間對比的方法做一下。文章第一段出現了一些時間標誌詞,「used to」、「no longer」、The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer.文章的大致意思是這種guide過去常常是你付出什麼你就會得到什麼,後面重點「no longer」出現,現在不這樣了。While traditional 「paid」 media such as television commercials and print advertisements still play a major role,companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.這句話的意思是儘管傳統的媒體起著重要的作用,today 公司可以開發出很多其他的媒體形式。所以我們再看下35題
35.Which of the following is the text mainly about
[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.
[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.
[C] Dominance of hijacked media.
[D] Popularity of owned media.
利用我們剛才總結的方法,「today」、「now」出現前方高能,這有可能就是中心思想答案出處。today 公司可以開發出很多其他的媒體形式,所以這道題答案為A.
我們再來看一篇考研英語二2011年text 4.40題
40. Regarding the future of EU, the author seems feel
A. Pessimistic
B. Desperate
C. Conceited
D. Hopeful
這是一道態度題。文章第一段Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a 「Bermuda triangle」 of debt, population decline and lower growth我們.根據時間對比的方法進行做題,出現了標誌詞 「Now」,所以答案很有可能出現在此處,文章大致意思是現在現在歐盟面臨著債務、人口減少等問題。做到這我們按理說很快就出答案了,選A,悲觀的。但是在末段出現了It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.綠色背景的句子是太快了來給歐盟下結論,歐盟還是很開明的,這句話否定了第一段話,冒號後面是對前面作者觀點的解釋,「It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.」這句話的大致意思是歐盟是一個雄心壯志的嘗試而且使得資本主義開始。可以看出作者對歐盟的態度是看好的,是充滿希望的,所以這道題最終答案是D。通過做這一道題,我們要特別注意命題人給大家挖的坑,螳螂捕蟬黃雀在後。
總結一下,當出現「used to」、「no longer」、「while」、「today」、「now」的時候要特別注意,「used to」、「no longer」、「while」這些都不重要,重要的是「today」、「now」。