掐指一算，留學生們最近應該馬上遇到Presentation作業。一般來說，這類的任務會佔最終成績的20-30%，對於期末成績有一定的影響，如果想拿高分，就需要好好的準備。所以本文算是系列裡的第一篇(掃盲貼+highlight)，教如何在Presentation拿高分。
那，怎麼樣是一個合格的甚至是優秀的presentation呢?明確問題+解決問題(頭腦風暴)+勤加練習(口語表達&時間控制)。
01明確問題
首先，明確下老師的要求是什麼?
如：
Task:Describe and critique a research paper
You will be randomly assigned a group and paper in week 2.These are all recent research papers which were selected to ensure they:Span a range of topics,focus on different populations,use different research designs,use different approaches to data collection and analysis.
Assignment 1:Group Presentation(20%of final coursework)
Please note that presentations will be video recorded for the purpose of examination and only your course organiser,the moderator and external examiner will be able to view these.
Students will work together in small groupsfor the presentation task and deliver a 9-12 minute presentation where they critically analyse an academic article related to the course.
以assignment為例，主要是進行學術文章的評價與分析，那一篇journal article由哪些部分組成呢?
Introduction-literature review-method-result-implications-conclusion
02解決問題
一般來說，組員要先通讀整篇文章，並對該話題有基本的了解。其次，小組meeting的時候會分配每個人負責的部分。之後，組員要精讀自己的部分，並作簡要的概述。
那如何成就一個好的presentation?如何展現critical thinking and analyses?Relate：把這部分內容與曾經學過的內容聯繫起來。Refer：找該話題相關研究，與他人的結果作對比(相似或相悖)Rationale：有理有據的來支持你的論點，理性思考。Responsible：成為一個負責任的人，小組討論積極參與，按照計劃完成階段性任務，發揮自己的才能，比如海報做得好，PPT做得好，錄視頻等。
高分presentation
偷懶是不能解決任何問題的，海外學習，不管是本科還是研究生，沒有捷徑。
03勤加練習
當小組討論已經明確每個人的論點，也就是確定了如何總結，如何批判與分析，即已得出清晰的大綱。接下來，我們就要進行主要內容的組織搭建。什麼意思呢?就是寫稿子。你的腳本可以鍛鍊自己的口語表達能力，時態，句型結構，詞源使用等都是考察的部分。
具體的參考指南有四條：
Knowledge and understanding of concepts;
Knowledge and use of the literature;
Critical reflection on theory(and practice);
Constructing(and presenting)academic discourse.
最重要的一點是，根據練習腳本控制時間，每個人都是平均分配時長，任何一個人的表現都會影響整體的得分，即使個人的得分會根據當堂表現有差別，但整體浮動不會很大。所以，練習的時候可以刪減一些句子，精煉自己的語言。
請記住，這並不是一個人的戰鬥，而是整組人的通力合作。
04 presentation常見問題
以下是常見的一些問題，答案並不是虛構的，而是我們老師給出的官方答案，同學們可以進行參考。
Frequently asked questions
Question 1:Can I discuss other research in my presentation?
Answer:Yes,as long as you are using it to critique/explain something in relation to your article but the focus should be on the article you are reviewing.
Question 2:Will I present to the whole class?
Answer:Yes.
Question 3:I am presenting the introduction of the article,how can I critique it?
Answer:Each group member should contribute to the content of each slide,even if they only present a particular part on the day.This means that if your group has critiqued the article in other parts of the presentation this means that you have also critiqued the article.Furthermore,it is possible to critique an introduction as we discussed in class.
Question 4:Do each of us need to speak for exactly 3 minutes?
Answer:No,this is a guide.It is up to you how you decide to present as long as each person in the group does present.For example,it is not okay for someone in your group to present for 20 seconds and the rest of the group present for 3 minutes each,but it is okay for someone to present for 2 minutes,another 2minutes 40 seconds,another for 3 minutes and 20 seconds and so on.
Question 5:There are only 3 people in my group,does that mean we should present for less than 12 minutes?
Answer:No,each group should present for a maximum of 12 minutes,regardless of how many people are in your group.
Question 6:What will happen if we go over the allocated time?
Answer:We have a strict time limit of 12 minutes per group.Going over time may be considered when marking under the'academic discourse'component of the marking scheme and may affect your mark(e.g.could represent lack of a logical and coherent framework)
Question 7:What will happen if we go under the allocated time?
Answer:This depends.If your group finishes in 11 minutes that may be okay.However,if your group finishes significantly under 12 minutes(e.g.6 minutes)then you may not have been able to fulfill all of the marking criteria.
Question 8:Will we be asked questions from the class?
Answer:Yes.Groups in the audience will be expected to ask a question for each other group.
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