動詞不定式前面可以帶疑問詞what, which, who,whose,how, when, where, why等。同時連接詞whether也適用。這種結構起名詞短語的作用,在句子裡用作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語等,或單獨使用。
1.作主語。
Where to gois not decided yet. 仍然還沒有決定要去哪裡。
Who to chooseis a problem.選擇誰還是個問題。
2.作賓語。
Could you please tell me where to park my car? 你能告訴我哪裡停車嗎?
I don’t know what to donext. 我不知道接下來要怎麼做?
3.作賓語補足語
Could you tell me how to get to the station?你能告訴我怎麼到車站嗎?
The doctor will advise you what to do.醫生將會建議你怎麼辦。
4.作表語。
The problem is where to find the lost book.問題是在哪裡找到丟失的書。
The question is when to go there.問題是什麼時候去那裡。
5.單獨使用。
What to do next?接下來怎麼辦?
How to get rid of the bad habit?如何改掉這個壞習慣?
特別要注意:
1. why後面的不定式不帶to。
Why do sth?為什麼做某事?
Why not do sth? 為什麼不做某事?
2.連接詞whether(是否)後可接不定式,即whether to do sth. 但if (是否)後一般不接不定式。
He doesn’t know whether to take part in his birthday party.
他不知道是否要去參加他的生日聚會。
Whether to do it has not been decided yet.是否要做那件事還沒有決定好。
3.作賓語或賓補時,可以與相應的賓語從句互換。轉化後,主句主語與從句主語一致或主句賓語與從句主語一致。
Could you tell me how to get to the station
=Could you tell me how I can get to the station?
She has forgotten how to open the window
=She has forgotten how she can open the window.
I wonder where to park my car.
=I wonder where I can park my car.
練習。
1.I』d like to find some information about Taiwan Island.Would you please tell me_______to surf the Internet?
A.what B.how C.when D.where
2.----Please tell me_____to get to the train station.
-----Follow me,please.I』ll go there soon.
A.which B.how C.when D.where
3.There are so many beautiful flowers. I can’t decide_____to buy.
A.which B.how C.when D.where
4.-----I’m not good at writing.Could you tell me_____ ?
-----Keeping a diary every day may help you.
A.how to improve it B.how can I improve it
C.what to improve D.what can I improve
5.My parents are taking about _______for a journey.
A.what to go B.how to go C.where to go D.which to choose
6.—I don’t know ____remember the new English words.
—Don’t worry! Try thinking about their pronunciations.
A.what to B.how to C.where to D.when to
7.—Which dress do you like best, madam?
—Sorry, I can’t decide_______now.
A.to buy which one B.buy which one
C.which one to buy D.which I should buy it
8.There are many kinds of bikes here. She can’t decide _____.
A.where to buy B.which to buy C.how to go there D.when to go there
9.He is wondering______ the concert.
A.when to go to B.when goes to C.goes to D.to go to
10.—This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me _____, Wang Li?—Sure.
A.what to work it out B.what to work out it
C.how to work it out D.how to work out it
11.I have no idea when_____her the bad news.
A.will tell B.telling C.tell D.to tell
12.he doesn’t know_______her birthday party.
A.if to take part in B.if to join
C.whether to take part in D.whether to join
13.I don’t know _____next time.
A.what to do B.what did do C.how to do D.where to do
14.I really don’t know _______ the thing.
A. how to do B. what to do C. to do how D. how can I do
15.—Why not_______ fishing?—Sounds great. Let’s go.
A.go B.going C.to go D.to going