冠詞分為兩類：定冠詞和不定冠詞。在英語寫作中，我們時常需要用到的定冠詞the和不定冠詞a/an應該如何使用呢？以及什麼情況不需要冠詞(即零冠詞)呢？
這篇文章將會介紹各類冠詞的全部用法以及常見錯誤的修改方式。
表泛指:
A man needs friends. (= All men need friends)
表第一次提到:
There is a fountain in the center of the park.
表某個:
We are looking for an English book.
+計量詞，表每一:
ten pence a kilo (1公斤十便士）
固定搭配:
in a hurry
+序數詞，表又，再次 ：
Should I ask him a second time?
表數量，一個
不可數名詞/複數名詞不加冠詞，可表泛指:
governments/advertisements
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Governments should give priority to（優先考慮） health care.
Consumers are susceptible（易受影響的） to advertisements featuring unhealthy food.
+最高級:
Governments should spend the most of its money on education.
+序數詞:
the second
+比較級副詞:
The more you care, the more you have to lose.
+名稱:
河流，海洋，山脈（不是單座山），灣，沙漠:
The Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
+名稱：政府部門，銀行，酒店，共和國，聯邦:
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland（英國）
+方位/南北極:
the north
+樂器:
the piano
+獨一無二的事物:
the universe
+單數名詞，表示所有類型:
The whale is in danger of becoming extinct. 鯨魚處於滅絕的危險之中
+形容詞，表一類人:
the young
+不可數/可數單複數，特指前面提過的
+ 名詞+of(限定）：
the importance of education
泛指:
錯誤例句：It has been claimed that government should pay more attention to health care than other issues.×
應改為：It has been claimed that the government/governments should pay more attention to health care than other issues.✔
解析：government表示政府時，為可數名詞，不可直接使用零冠詞。The+單數名詞或複數名詞不加冠詞均可表泛指。
特指：限定
錯誤例句1：We should not overemphasize importance of wealth.×
應改為：We should not overemphasize the importance of wealth.
我們不該高估財富的重要性。✔
解析：在importance後有of限定，表示財富的重要性，因此使用the；另外，此處的wealth為不可數名詞，泛指財富，因此使用零冠詞
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錯誤例句2：In conclusion, I find that that the advantages of international tourism outweigh（超過） disadvantages.×
應改為：In conclusion, I find that that the advantages of international tourism outweigh the disadvantages.✔
解析：此處雖然disadvantages後面沒有限定，但根據句子上下義可以得知這裡講的還是國際旅遊的缺點，後面省略了of international tourism. 很多考生會在這裡使用its: the advantages of international tourism outweigh its disadvantages，這也不夠恰當。
特指：之前提過的
錯誤例句：If governments had more effective policies for these children who grow up in poverty（貧困）, children would have more chance to contribute to（貢獻） society.×
應改為：If governments had more effective policies for these children who grow up in poverty, the children would have more chance to contribute to society. ✔
解析：這裡的children指前面提到的那些生活在貧窮中的兒童，因此使用定冠詞。
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錯誤例句：Some people argue that prison sentences（監禁） should be lengthened to lower crime rate（降低犯罪率）. However, others suggest that there are other better ways, such as improving social welfare system（社保體系）. Personally, I believe that only when the longer sentences combined with（結合） other ways are employed （運用）can crime rate be effectively reduced.×
應改為：the crime rate✔
解析：前面已經提過crime rate, 這裡討論的是同一件事，應使用特指。
獨一無二
錯誤例句：Films, books and Internet can provide all of the necessary information.×
應改為：Films, books and the Internet can provide all of the necessary information. ✔
解析：網際網路只有一個，因此使用the Internet, 類似的表達還有the world, the sky等
a/an:搭配
錯誤例句: The national health insurance system can give citizens sense of security.×
應改為: The national health insurance system can give citizens a sense of security.
國民健康保險制度可以給公民安全感。✔
解析： a sense of …的感覺，e.g. a sense of duty 責任感。
a/an:一個
錯誤例句：It is noticeable that huge gap between the poor and the rich still exists no matter how developed a country is. ×
應改為：It is noticeable that a huge gap between the poor and the rich still exists no matter how developed a country is. ✔
值得注意的是，無論一個國家多麼發達，貧富之間的巨大差距仍然存在。
解析：gap是可數名詞，不可直接使用零冠詞。
冠詞的用法你都學會了嗎？
歡迎在後臺給我們留言感興趣的英語語法，我們會第一時間為你整理噢！
文章插畫來自Jungho Lee