Neil
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil…
大家好，我是尼爾。歡迎收聽英語六分鐘
Alice
… And I'm Alice. My chair feels [audibly shifts about in her chair(她椅子發出聲音)] uncomfortable today. How does yours feel?
我是Alice,我今天的椅子好像有點問題坐的不舒服，你感覺怎麼樣？
Neil
Um… mine is fine - very comfortable, thank you.
額，我的挺好，非常舒適。謝謝。
Alice
Well, it would be nice if you offered to give me your chair, Neil.
尼爾，要是你願意跟我換下椅子就好了。
Neil
What? No chance. Well, I would be uncomfortable then, wouldn't I?
幹啥？沒門，換了我也會感覺不舒服。
Alice
You should give me your seat, Neil.
你應該和我換下，尼爾！
Neil
Should I? Well, now might be a good time to mention that chivalry is the subject of today's show.
Alice
為什麼呢？，好了，Alice現在應該是時候說說我們今天的主題『騎士精神』了
Chivalry these days means polite behaviour usually by men towards women.
騎士精神在過去通常意味著男士對女士的禮貌行為。
Neil
Though in the past it referred to a code of behaviour followed by knights in the Middle Ages. It was all about honour and courage in battle – and only later on about being polite to the ladies. Well, we aren't living in the Middle Ages any more, are we?
但是以前在中世紀時期，它是指騎士的行為準則。剛開始，它的內容只是包括戰爭中表現的尊嚴和勇氣。後來才開始包含了對女士的謙讓。我們現在已經不是中世紀了，不是嗎？
Alice
No comment. Let's go for our traditional question. I have a literary one for you today: Who wrote the novel Don Quixote, about a 50-year old man travelling Spain in search of knightly adventures in rusty armour and a cardboard helmet? Was it…
不想跟你說話!讓我們開始提問的老節目吧~，今天準備了一個文學方面的問題給你：」堂吉訶德是誰寫的？，講的是一位50歲的老頭穿著生鏽的盔甲和一個紙板頭盔打扮成騎士在西班牙遊歷冒險對吧。
a) Miguel de Cervantes
塞萬提斯
b) Leo Tolstoy
列夫託爾斯泰
Or c) William Shakespeare?
威廉姆莎士比亞
Neil
I think - I'm going to get it right today, Alice – I'm going to say a) Miguel de Cervantes.
我想想，我今天要答對它 Alice 我選a塞萬提斯。
Alice
Well, we'll find out later on in the show if you were right or not. But first, do you think chivalry is dead, Neil?
好的，我們一會揭曉答案看你答得對不對，但是先問下，你覺得騎士精神消失了嗎，尼爾？
Neil
No, not at all – these traditions are alive and kicking – in Poland at any rate. If something is alive and kicking it means it's active. The BBC reporter Adam Easton saw it with his own eyes and is going to describe it for us.
不，一點也沒，在波蘭哪些老傳統依然活躍，如果某事是有生氣的和活動的就意味著它是積極的。BBC的記者Adam Easton用親身經歷它並且要為我們來描述下
Medieval knights' tournaments or battle re-enactments are popular across Europe. But there's something about dressing up as a knight that particularly appeals to people here in Poland. In the summer there's events every weekend and here in Malbork Northern Poland home to Europe's largest medieval castle there's one of the biggest of the season. There's archery, crossbow, jousting, other horse skills, and more than a hundred thousand people come to watch these tournaments.
在歐洲，喬裝上演中世紀的騎士比武大會依然盛行。但是在波蘭這裡騎士的著裝對人們有著特別的吸引力。夏天，在波蘭北部城鎮馬爾堡——歐洲最大中世紀古堡所在地——每周都有這樣的集會。前來觀看夏季最大的一次比武大會的人數超過十萬，在這裡可以看到劍術、石弓、比武以及很多其他馬背功夫。
Alice:The BBC reporter Adam Easton. By the way, what's a re-enactment, Neil?
以上是亞當·伊斯頓的介紹。順便問一下，尼爾，什麼事re-enactment？
Neil:It's where you perform the actions of a past event. And in Malbork in Poland they stage battle re-enactments every weekend apparently – at least in the summer months!
它是一種對過往事件的重新表演。在波蘭的馬爾堡他們每周上演騎士比武，至少在夏天是這樣！
Alice:Mmm… it doesn't sound like my cup of tea?– and that means it doesn't sound like something I would enjoy doing – how about you, Neil?
嗯……聽上去並不感興趣，one’s cup of tea意思是某人喜歡做某事。你呢，尼爾？
Neil:Well, I'm not sure about the archery, crossbow and jousting. It all sounds like too much hard work. But I'd definitely enjoy the dressing up.
啊，我可能不會太喜歡那些弓啊、箭啊、比武啊什麼的。聽上去太費力氣了。但是我對打扮成騎士非常感興趣。
Alice:Excellent! Well,jousting is where two people fight on horseback using a lance– or long pole – to try to knock the other person off their horse, especially as part of a tournament– or sporting event.So with the dressing up, Neil – I'm curious. I can't imagine you as a knight in shining armour, to be honest…
很好！比武是指兩個人在馬背上用長矛對決，想辦法把對方打下馬。這在比武大會上或者運動競技中比較常見。說道騎士服，尼爾，我很好奇。我想像不出你身穿閃閃發光的盔甲的樣子……
Neil:Come on, Alice. I'd look very appealing to any damsel in distress. A damsel in distress is a young unmarried woman in need of help.
別這麼說，艾麗斯。我的樣子對落難少女是相當有吸引力的。落難少女是指需要搭救的年輕未婚女子。
Alice:OK. You might make a very fetching– or attractive –knight, Neil. But you should get used to actually helping the ladies … maybe offering me your seat. I'm still sitting uncomfortably here…
好吧。或許你可以成為一名迷人的騎士，尼爾。但是你應該習慣幫助女士。比如把你的椅子讓給我。我現在在這坐得依然很不舒服……
Neil:Come on, Alice, a knight needs to sit comfortably too. We've always been the ones with battles to fight!
別這樣，艾麗斯，騎士也需要坐得舒舒服服啊。一直以來總是我們上戰殺敵。
Alice:But at some point in the history of chivalry –prowess– or skill – on the battlefield became combined with a set of conventions– or rules – governing other aspects of behaviour. This included a knight's moral and religious duties and how to conduct their love affairs. Professor Laura Ashe at Oxford University explains.
但是，到了歷史上的某一階段，騎士精神——英勇，或者說本領——變得與一些規定，或者說束縛他們在其他生活方面的條條框框結合在一起。這包括騎士的道德、宗教義務以及處理情感關係的方式。劍橋大學的蘿拉·艾西亞博士為我們做了介紹。
The really strange thing is the idea that love should somehow make you a better knight. I mean, this is what is suddenly claimed in the late 12th century and it makes very little sense, you know, if you imagine a footballer telling his teammates that being in love makes him a better footballer.
後來產生了一個很奇怪的想法是愛情可以讓他們變成更好的騎士。這種說法是在12世紀突然產生的，我認為這完全說不通。這就像一個足球運動員告訴球場上自己的隊友愛情讓他成為了更好的足球運動員。
Neil:That was Professor Laura Ashe. And I agree with her. What has being a great footballer or a great warrior got to do with love?
以上是蘿拉·艾西亞的說法。我同意。一個好的足球運動員或者騎士和愛情有什麼關係？
Alice:Well,courtly love was a social code governing behaviour between aristocratic men and women that developed at the same time and amongst the same people as chivalry and the two became intertwined– or hard to separate – from then on.
宮廷式戀愛與騎士精神在同一時期成為了束縛同一類人——貴族男女——的社會準則，從此兩者便交織在一起，難捨難分。
Neil:And aristocrats are people of high social rank. OK Alice, I think it's time you told us the answer to today's quiz question.
貴族是指處於較高社會階層的人。好了，艾麗斯。我想現在應該告訴我們今天問題的答案了。
Alice:Good idea. OK. I asked:Who wrote the novel Don Quixote, about a 50-year old man travelling Spain in search of knightly adventures in rusty armour and a cardboard helmet Was it… a) Miguel de Cervantes, b) LeonTolstoy or c) William Shakespeare?
好的。我的問題是關於一個身披生鏽盔甲，戴著紙糊頭盔的五十多歲老人幻想自己是騎士，到西班牙去探險的小說《唐吉訶德》的作者是誰？是a)米格爾·德·塞萬提斯 b)列夫·託爾斯泰 還是c)威廉·莎士比亞?
Neil:And I said a) Miguel de Cervantes.
我選擇了a)米格爾·德·塞萬提斯。
Alice:And you were right! Well done!Don Quixote was written by Miguel de Cervantes and published in 1605. It's a comic novel which describes what happens to an elderly knight who, his head muddled by reading too many romances, sets out on his old horse with his companion Sancho Panza, to seek adventure.
你答對了！恭喜！《唐吉訶德》是米格爾·德·塞萬提斯所作，在1605年出版。這是一部喜劇小說。講述了一個因為沉迷於騎士小說而將自己幻想為騎士的老人騎著自己的一匹老馬和夥伴桑丘·潘沙一起探險的故事。
Neil:Very interesting, Alice. Now can we hear the words we learned today?
很有趣，艾麗斯。現在我們是不是來複習一下今天學習的單詞？
Alice:Sure, they are:
當然，它們是：
chivalry
騎士精神
alive and kicking
盛行，活蹦亂跳
re-enactment
重演
my cup of tea
我的菜
jousting
比武
lance
長矛
tournament
比武大會
fetching
迷人
damsel in distress
落難少女
prowess
英勇
conventions
規矩
courtly love
宮廷式愛情
intertwined
交織
aristocrats
貴族
Neil:Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English. Please join us again soon. And… by the way, Alice, would you like my chair? It's very comfortable…
好的，今天的英語六分鐘到這裡就結束了。歡迎收聽我們的下期節目。對了，艾麗斯，你還要坐我的椅子嗎？我的椅子很舒服的……
Alice:Oh, thank you - now that the programme is over, Neil!
哦，謝謝——現在節目都結束了，尼爾！
Neil:Better late than never.
遲坐總比不坐好啊。
Both：Bye.
再見