情態動詞是每年高考的熱點也是難點,每年單項填空題必考一題。考點集中在:情態動詞表示推測的基本用法及區別;情態動詞否定式的用法辨析:「情態動詞+have done」的用法區別等。
虛擬語氣在高考命題中不是重點,但是難點。考點常集中在含蓄條件句以及主語、賓語從句等特定句型中虛擬語氣的使用上,因此考生應熟練掌握含蓄條件句中主從句的時態要求以及一些典型句型中虛擬語氣的具體形式。
【精選試題】 名校模擬題及其答案
1. 「I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.」 「It’s time you _____.」
A. do B. did C. had D. would
2. If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.
A. don’t know B. hadn’t known
C. wasn’t knowing D. wouldn’t know
3. 「I』ve told everyone about it.」 「Oh, I』d rather you _____.」
A. don’t B. hadn’t
C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t
4. It has been raining for a day, but eventhough it hadn’t rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.
A. can’t get B. won’t get
C. hadn’t got D. wouldn’t get
5. 「Do you know his address?」 「No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.」
A. knew, live B. knew, lives
C. know, lives D. know, lived
6. 「Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises?」 「Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?」
A. begin B. have begun
C. began D. had begun
7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay
C. had lain D. should lie
10. Without the air to hold some of the sun’sheat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
11. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing
12. 「It looks as if he were drunk.」 「So it does. _____.」
A. He』d better give up drinking
B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much
C. Health is more important than drink
D. I wonder why he is always doing so
13. 「Mary looks hot and dry」 「So _____ you if you had so high a fever.」
A. do B. are C. will D. would
14. 「He will come tomorrow.」 「But I』d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.」
A. will come B. is coming
C. came D. had come
15. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
A. should be; be operated on
B. were; must be operated on
C. was; should be operated
D. was; be operated on
【答案與解析】
1.
【解析】選B.It’s time you did 為 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法,it’s time 後從句通常要用過去式。
2.
【解析】選A.雖然前有虛擬條件句, 後有使用了虛擬語氣的賓語,但 I don’t know 卻宜用一般現在時,因為 I don’t know 表述的是現在的真實情況,句意為「我要不是有幸遇到你,我真不知(指現在不知)我會做出什麼蠢事來」。
3.
【解析】選B.I』d rather 後接從句時,從句謂語的時態規律是:用過去式表示現在或將來,用過去完成式表示過去。
4.
【解析】選A.we can’t get there by tomorrow 為客觀事實,故宜用陳述語氣。
5.
【解析】選B.第一空填 knew,因為 I wish 後的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣(即用過去式表示現在的想法);第二空要填lives,即用陳述語氣,因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實,而不是 I wish 的內容。
6.
【解析】選C.It’s time… / It’s high time… / It’s about time… 等後接從句時,從句謂語通常用過去式。
7.
【解析】選 B.此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句,主句與現在事實相反,條件句與過去事實相反。句意為:要不是在七歲時就迷上了 Melinda Cox 圖書館,我真不能想像我如今會在做什麼。
8.
【解析】8. 選 D.這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣,再根據前面的 hesitated 可進一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,由此可推知答案選 D.
9.
【解析】選 C.if only意為「要是……就好了」,其後的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣,同時根據 as the doctor instructed 中的過去時態可知從句是與過去事實相反,故選 C.
10.
【解析】選 A.without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現在事實相反的含蓄條件句。
【答案】C
11.
【解析】.根據上文的語境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個虛擬的條件,即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我沒忘記我在哪兒讀過這篇文章的話——但事實上忘了)。
【答案】B
12.
【解析】關鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語氣,句子既然用了虛擬語氣,也就是說,「他喝醉了」不是事實,只是他的言行好像是醉了,所以此題的最佳答案是D.
【答案】 D.
13.
【解析】 由於空格後的 if 條件狀語從句的謂語用的是虛擬語氣(這是很重要的信息),所以主句要用 would 而不用 will,即答案應選D.
【答案】D
14.
【解析】按照英語習慣,would rather 後接that 從句時,從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣,即用過去式表示現在或將來, 用過去完成時表示過去。
【答案】C
15.
【解析】insist後的從句謂語有時用「should+動詞原形」這樣的虛擬語氣,有時不用,具體要看該謂語動詞所表示的含義。一般說來,若該謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發生,或尚未成為事實,則用虛擬語氣;若該謂語動詞所表示的動作已經發生,或已經成為事實,則要用陳述語氣。分析上題的句意,可知只有選D最合適。
【答案】D
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