近期的新型冠狀病毒疫情是每個老百姓都關注的話題，今天我們來學習一下，「冠狀病毒」用英語該如何表達：
coronavirus/kə,rəunə'vaiərəs/
IELTS丨TOEFL丨專八
外刊例句
Better vigilance in places where humans and animals mingle, as they do in markets across Asia, would help catch viral newcomers early. A tougher task is dissuading people from eating wild animals and convincing them to handle livestock with care, using masks and gloves when butchering meat and fish, for example. Such measures might have prevented the newcoronavirusfrom ever making headlines.
在人和動物混雜的地方提高警惕，就像他們在亞洲市場所做的那樣，將有助於早期發現新型病毒。一項更艱巨的任務是勸阻人們不要食用野生動物，並說服他們小心處理牲畜，例如在宰殺肉類和魚類時使用口罩和手套。這些措施本可以防止這種新型冠狀病毒登上新聞頭條。
——《經濟學人》
基本釋義
Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, the virus causes respiratory infections which are typically mild but, in rare cases, can be lethal. In cows and pigs they may cause diarrhea, while in chickens it can cause an upper respiratory disease.
n. 冠狀病毒
追根溯源
單詞coronavirus裡的coron部分，來源於希臘語korōnē, 意思是「烏鴉」。因為烏鴉的爪子分成了幾瓣，所以後來很多分成幾瓣的東西都有詞根coro-的身影，例如：
crown. 烏鴉
crownn. 皇冠
coronan. 日冕
coronaryadj. 冠狀的
擴充內容
那麼「新型冠狀病毒」該怎麼說呢？我們可以用這兩個地道的表達：
The novel coronavirus
The new coronavirus
這時候可能就有小夥伴會好奇地問：novel不是小說的意思嗎？
其實「novel 」在這裡可不是「小說」的意思，而是「新奇的，異常的」。
例句：
Dialogic novel is a novel category of fiction.
對話小說是一種新穎的小說類別。
Fever and cough are the typical symptoms of the novel coronavirus.
發燒和咳嗽是這種新型冠狀病毒的典型症狀。
以下是三篇有關新冠病毒的英語作文，寫得非常好，可謂是滿分作品，請考試黨熟背哦：
作文一
假定你是李華，你的美國朋友Amy來信詢問有關武漢新型冠狀病毒（novel coronavirus）的情況。
請你給Amy回信，內容包括：1. 新型冠狀病毒簡況；2. 應對措施；3. 是否有信心戰勝病毒。
注意：
詞數120左右；
可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
01
滿分佳作
Dear Amy,
It is so considerate of you to receive your letter inquiring about novel cononavirus in wuhan. I am writing to tell you about this.
Since the outbreak of an infectious disease in wuhan in December 2019, the Chinese government has decisively closed down the city to prevent the spread of the disease. At the same time, although cases have been found throughout the country, the Chinese people actively face it, together with wuhan to fight the epidemic.
At this particular time, we should go out as little as possible, isolated. If we go out, we must wear protective masks to prevent ourselves from getting infected. In addition, we should keep good healthy habits and keep our body clean.
As many Chinese say, 「come on Wuhan".
Yours,
Li Hua
作文二
2019年的冬天，一種新型冠狀病毒(the pneumonia epidemic )在武漢華南海鮮市場滋生，悄然從野生動物傳染給人類。據央視新聞客戶端消息，截至2020年1月29日24時，我國已累計報告新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎確診病例7711例，死亡170例。新型冠狀病毒疫情在武漢早期確診的病例，與武漢華南海鮮市場關係很密切。調查顯示，此前在海鮮市場中有非法售賣野生動物現象。人類生存離不開野生動物，但現實生活中野生動物被捕食或作他用比比皆是。請根據以下表格寫篇Protecting Wild Animals的英語作文。
素材要點：
描述問題野生動物數量下降，越來越多的野生動物瀕危，甚至永久消失
分析問題1.獵殺野生動物皮毛用以製作衣服，生態平衡遭破壞2.食用野生動物還容易引發傳染病（epedemic）,如SARS病毒、新冠狀病毒等）
建議1.建立自然保護區 2. 拒絕野味 3…
1.寫作應包括表格及文字等各項內容。
2.為使寫作流暢,在不影響主題表達完整準確的前提下,允許必要的增減與發揮。
3.詞數120左右。
02
滿分佳作
Since the pneumonia epidemic broke out in Wuhan in December, the number of people infected and patients who have died keep climbing. It is reported that the epidemic has something to do with the killing and selling of wild animals at South China Seafood Market. With the decrease of wild animals, many animals are endangered. Worse still,some of them may disappear forever.
There is no doubt that hunting and killing wild animals has a bad influence. For wild animals are killed for their fur, which causes the imbalance of nature. For another, due to the contact between humans and wild animals, epidemics like SARS and pneumonia may infect humans easily.
As far as I am concerned, something must be done to stop this illegal action. First, Nature Reserves are supposed to be built so as to offer more living space to wildlife. Second, be aware that never have wild animals for food, as they are part of environment. Third, it is high timethat we raised people’s awareness to protect wildlife. In this way, we can build a harmonious society and ensure a sustainable development.
作文三
假定你是李華，你所在的福州國際學校要徵集一封英文感謝信，以致意奮戰在抗擊新型冠狀病毒肺炎第一線的醫護人員，請你根據下列要點寫一封信用於投稿。
1. 表達謝意；
2. 個人感受；
3. 表達信心。
注意：
1.詞數120左右；
2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；
3.開頭語和結束語已為你寫好。
參考詞彙：
流行病epidemic
疫情 epidemic situation
新型冠狀病毒 novel corona virus
03
滿分佳作
Dear Medical workers，
I am Li Hua from an international school in Fuzhou. On behalf of my school, I would like to express sincere gratitude to you all for your devotion and sacrifice in the battle against the novel corona virus.
In this epidemic, it is you who, regardless of the shortage of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately rescue those infected but struggling for life. It is also you who have shed new light on the virus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all admiration and love!
Such few words can't fully convey our thankfulness for your irreplaceable contribution. I believe with our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery.
Good luck and stay well!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
最後還有一份武漢疫情的相關詞彙
供大家學習參考
新型冠狀病毒 novel coronavirus
2019新型冠狀病毒：「2019-nCoV」
呼吸道疾病 respiratory diseases
報銷政策 reimbursement policy
潛伏期 incubation period
密切接觸者 close contact
醫學觀察 medical watch/medical observation
疑似病例 suspected case
確診病例 confirmed case
不明原因肺炎 unidentified pneumonia
易感人群 susceptible population
人傳人 human-to-human transmission
非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome，SARS
肺炎 Pneumonia
乾咳 dry cough
隔離 under quarantine
呼吸急促 shortness of Breath
呼吸困難 respiratory Distress
病毒變異 virus mutation
病毒株 virus strain
野味 bush meat
封城 lockdown
口罩 face mask （N95型口罩：N95 face-mask）
醫用外科口罩 Surgical mask
超級傳播者 super-spreader
往 · 期·幹·貨
·END·
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