緊急避孕藥聯合生殖健康輔導可有效降低意外懷孕風險
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/11/16 14:05:12
英國查默斯性與生殖健康研究機構Sharon T Cameron團隊研究了向社區藥房提供孕酮類避孕藥後是否可有效避孕。2020年11月14日,該研究發表在《柳葉刀》雜誌上。
除非女性在口服緊急避孕藥後開始有效避孕,否則她們仍然有意外懷孕的風險。英國的大多數女性都從社區藥房獲得緊急避孕藥具。
研究組在英國的29家藥房中對接受左炔諾孕酮緊急避孕藥的女性進行了一項實用、整群隨機、交叉試驗。2017年12月19日至2019年6月26日,研究組招募了636名16歲及以上、尚未使用激素避孕藥、未使用可能干擾僅使用孕激素藥的藥物、且願意提供詳細聯繫方式以進行隨訪的女性。將其隨機分組,其中316名接受為期3個月的僅孕激素藥的供應,並獲得快速進入參與性和生殖健康診所的醫療卡(幹預組)。320名女性則常規服用避孕藥(對照組)。主要結局為4個月內有效避孕。
幹預組女性的平均年齡為22.7歲,對照組為22.6歲。最終有406位(64%)參與者獲得了4個月的隨訪數據,幹預組最終有效避孕的女性佔58.4%,顯著高於對照組(40.5%)。在考慮了年齡、當前性關係和有效避孕的使用史後,差異仍然顯著,並且部分患者失訪對結局無影響。所有參與者均未發生嚴重不良事件。
總之,由社區藥師提供帶有緊急避孕藥的僅孕激素藥丸,以及接受性與生殖健康診所輔導,可顯著降低意外懷孕的風險。
附:英文原文
Title: Use of effective contraception following provision of the progestogen-only pill for women presenting to community pharmacies for emergency contraception (Bridge-It): a pragmatic cluster-randomised crossover trial
Author: Sharon T Cameron, Anna Glasier, Lisa McDaid, Andrew Radley, Paula Baraitser, Judith Stephenson, Richard Gilson, Claire Battison, Kathleen Cowle, Mark Forrest, Beatriz Goulao, Anne Johnstone, Alessandra Morelli, Susan Patterson, Alison McDonald, Thenmalar Vadiveloo, John Norrie
Issue&Volume: 2020/11/14
Abstract:
Background
Unless women start effective contraception after oral emergency contraception, they remain at risk of unintended pregnancy. Most women in the UK obtain emergency contraception from community pharmacies. We hypothesised that pharmacist provision of the progestogen-only pill as a bridging interim method of contraception with emergency contraception plus an invitation to a sexual and reproductive health clinic, in which all methods of contraception are available, would result in increased subsequent use of effective contraception.
Methods
We did a pragmatic cluster-randomised crossover trial in 29 UK pharmacies among women receiving levonorgestrel emergency contraception. Women aged 16 years or older, not already using hormonal contraception, not on medication that could interfere with the progestogen-only pill, and willing to give contact details for follow-up were invited to participate. In the intervention group, women received a 3-month supply of the progestogen-only pill (75 μg desogestrel) plus a rapid access card to a participating sexual and reproductive health clinic. In the control group, pharmacists advised women to attend their usual contraceptive provider. The order in which each pharmacy provided the intervention or control was randomly assigned using a computer software algorithm. The primary outcome was the use of effective contraception (hormonal or intrauterine) at 4 months. This study is registered, ISRCTN70616901 (complete).
Findings
Between Dec 19, 2017, and June 26, 2019, 636 women were recruited to the intervention group (316 [49·6%], mean age 22·7 years [SD 5·7]) or the control group (320 [50·3%], 22·6 years [5·1]). Three women (one in the intervention group and two in the control group) were excluded after randomisation. 4-month follow-up data were available for 406 (64%) participants, 25 were lost to follow-up, and two participants no longer wanted to participate in the study. The proportion of women using effective contraception was 20·1% greater (95% CI 5·2–35·0) in the intervention group (mean 58·4%, 48·6–68·2), than in the control group (mean 40·5%, 29·7–51·3 [adjusted for recruitment period, treatment group, and centre]; p=0·011).The difference remained significant after adjusting for age, current sexual relationship, and history of effective contraception use, and was robust to the effect of missing data (assuming missingness at random). No serious adverse events occurred.
Interpretation
Provision of a supply of the progestogen-only pill with emergency contraception from a community pharmacist, along with an invitation to a sexual and reproductive health clinic, results in a clinically meaningful increase in subsequent use of effective contraception. Widely implemented, this practice could prevent unintended pregnancies after use of emergency contraception.
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31785-2
Source: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31785-2/fulltext