過去一個月裡,杭州乃至全省最「網紅」的名勝,不是西湖,而要數良渚古城遺址。2019年7月6日,在第43屆世界遺產大會上, 「良渚古城遺址」成功列入《世界遺產名錄》,正式成為中國第55處世界遺產。
這位世界遺產大家庭的新成員不僅在國內備受關注,也引發了國際媒體和國外網友的熱議。在浙江省第十屆網絡文化活動季中,inZhejiang印象浙江英文網(http://inzj.zjol.com.cn)開設良渚專題,並通過海外社交平臺全方位介紹良渚文明,帶海外網友在線打卡良渚古城。
△更多內容請點擊http://inzj.zjol.com.cn/Liangzhu/
5000年前的中國誕育了另一個古埃及?良渚文明的發達超乎想像!
Called "the Egyptian civilization equivalent of China", Liangzhu civilization is beyond imagination
2019年,印象浙江英文網推出「Dongpo Paul」視頻欄目,在國際舞臺上呈現中國文化及風土人情。為了向全世界介紹浙江的人文歷史,良渚申遺成功後,印象浙江英文網特別製作一期科普良渚文明的視頻節目。
△印象浙江英文網IP視頻欄目Dongpo Paul為良渚申遺製作的特別節目。
沿著北緯30°一路向東,古埃及人依靠泛濫的尼羅河水從事耕種,蘇美爾人在泥板上刻下大洪水的傳說。
Along the 30° north latitude, the ancientEgyptians relied on the Nile river to cultivate, and the Sumerians carved thelegend of the Great Flood on the mud board.
而在古中國大陸的東南地區——如今的浙江省杭州市,淺水沼澤之上拔地而起一座宏大的城市——良渚古城。現在,這座城市所代表的良渚文明被認為是中國文明的起源之一。
In the southeast of the ancient Chinesemainland, now called Hangzhou, a vast city——Liangzhu City, rose above theshallow swamps. Today, the Liangzhu Civilization represented by the city isconsidered one of the origins of Chinese Civilization.
當良渚玉器遇上世界名畫:一場穿越時空的對話
When Liangzhu Jades Meet World FamousPaintings: Dialogue Across Time and Space
△印象浙江英文網為良渚申遺特別推出的一系列藝術海報。
一萬多年前的石器時代,當馬格德林人在古歐洲大陸一個巖洞裡刻畫一頭栩栩如生的野牛時,他們沒預料到,這個形象會被一萬年多年後的人類奉為至高無上的藝術,甚至巖洞也被列入世界文化遺產。
Back to the Stone Age ten thousand years ago, when the Magdalenians were carving a livid bison in a large cave on the continent of ancient Europe, they wouldn’t have imagined that the carved works will be enshrined as supreme artwork and the cave will be listed as a World Heritage Site.
人類在早期文明階段的創作往往超乎想像。距今5000年左右的良渚文化作為中國新石器時代的代表,創造了大量玉器。中國考古學家秦嶺評價:「良渚玉器是史前石製品製作技術所能達到的頂峰。在沒有金屬工具的前提下,良渚遺址出土玉器所達到的技術和藝術的成就,在世界範圍內都是具有唯一性的。」英國考古學家科林·倫福儒也說:「良渚玉器的精緻程度超出了人們對新石器時代晚期遺址所能達到的複雜程度的想像。」
Artworks of the early stages of civilizations are beyond imagination. Liangzhu Culture, a representative of the Neolithic cultures of China, created a tremendous amount of jades. According to the Chinese archaeologist Qin Ling, "Liangzhu jades are the acme of pre-historical stone wares. The jades excavated from Liangzhu Archaeological Site made without metal tools are unrivaled across the globe in terms of technique and artistic achievement."
Colin Renfrew, a well-known British archaeologist, noted, "The exquisiteness of Liangzhu jades is beyond people's imagination of the late Neolithic historical sites."
中國玉之美,可以穿越古今、跨越國界。印象浙江英文網選取了良渚文化中的9件玉器,讓它們通過特別的方式和世人熟知的世界名畫進行混搭。正如畢卡索曾從野牛巖畫中獲取靈感,方圓之間的玉器,或許正以它的語言和後人的作品產生對話。
The charm of Chinese jades transcends time and borders. The "In Zhejiang" English website selects nine pieces of Liangzhu jades to match with world-renowned paintings in a unique manner. As Picasso was once inspired by bison cave paintings, the small jades may also conduct dialogues, in its own language, with artworks that came after them.
欣賞的同時,我們還可以做個小遊戲:先不看文字介紹,你能僅憑左邊的圖案猜出每件玉器的用途嗎?
While appreciating the masterpiece, let's play a game! Can you guess the applications of each jade ware hinted by the images on the left?
玉玦 ×《戴珍珠耳環的少女》:玉玦在良渚文化早期作為耳環佩戴,當純潔的少女「戴」上這件東方的飾品,更添一份柔美。
Jade Jue × Girl with a Pearl Earring: Jade jue was used as earrings in the early days. A special oriental charm adds to the beauty of the European girl wearing the jade jue.
玉琮 ×《鳶尾花》:玉琮是良渚文化最具典型意義的禮器,直至今日它仍在向人們訴說著遠古的故事。而梵谷畫筆下的鳶尾花飽含著律動之美,傳遞出生命的熱情。
Jade Cong × Irises: Jade cong, the most representative artifact and sacred symbol of Liangzhu Culture, has been still telling the story of ancient times. As a contrast, the irises painted by Vincent Van Gogh display rhythmic beauty, expressing to a great extent the vitality of life.
玉管串 ×《維納斯的誕生》:玉管串是良渚文化中重要的飾物,它和象徵著愛與美的女神維納斯相得益彰。
Cylindrical Jade Beaded Adornments × The Birth of Venus: Cylindrical jade beaded adornments are important accessories of Liangzhu Culture, echoing the glamour of Venus, the goddess of love and beauty.
玉珠 ×《倒牛奶的女僕》:良渚文化的玉珠,圓潤、細膩。當陽光照進平靜的房間,大珠小珠滾落,時間仿佛也凝結了。
Circular Jade Bead × The Milkmaid: Circular jade beads of Liangzhu Culture are smooth and delicate. As the sunshine illuminates the serene room, beads of various sizes were poured into the pot. Time freezes the moment.
玉璧 ×《搗練圖》:玉璧是中國古代重要的禮器,它在唐朝少女的手中少了些許莊重,多了一些生動和趣味。
Jade Bi × Court Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk: Jade bi is a valued sacrificial vessel in ancient China. The artwork turns on more lively features in the hands of court ladies.
玉琮半成品 ×《紅黃藍的構成》:在華美的玉琮面世之前,這件半成品還停留於內圓外方的幾何形態,這與荷蘭畫家蒙德裡安崇尚的均衡與秩序不謀而合。樸素的玉琮永久保留了未完成的狀態,我們從中感受到了藝術的理性之美。
Semi-finished Cong × Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow: Before the gorgeous jade cong carving was finished, this semi-finished piece is still in a geometrical shape with a circular interior and a squarish exterior. The design automatically matches with the concept of balance and order endorsed by Dutch painter Mondrian. This plain jade cong remains unfinished, from which we can sense the artistic beauty of reason.
龍首紋玉鐲 ×《七隻蘋果》:龍首紋玉鐲上精美的紋路和法國畫家塞尚筆下飽滿、鮮豔的蘋果,仿佛正共奏一曲明快的旋律。
Jade Bracelet Carved with Dragon Head × Still Life with Seven Apples: The exquisite pattern on the jade bracelet carved with dragon head creates a harmonious melody with the plump bright apples painted by French painter Cezanne.
玉鳥×《睡蓮》:玉鳥承載著良渚人的想像力,小鳥划過莫奈的池塘,不知是否會留下翅膀的痕跡。
Jade Bird × Waterlilies: The jade bird embodies the stunning imagination of Liangzhu people. The little bird flits across the pool in Monet's painting, making us wonder whether traces of wings would be left.
玉瑗×《玫瑰》:當梵谷筆下富含生命力的玫瑰纏繞在玉瑗之間,兩種曲線勾勒出的柔美合二為一。
Jade Yuan × Roses: When Van Gogh's exuberant roses intertwine with the jade yuan, the two types of curves create integrated delicacy.
上文中的海報在海外社交平臺發布後,立刻吸引來不少國外網友留言,他們紛紛表達了對良渚文化的讚嘆。
有網友特別點讚了「玉玦 ×《戴珍珠耳環的少女》」的創意——可見藝術之美並不為國界所局限!
今天,你「種草」良渚玉器了嗎?
(來源:inZhejiang印象浙江英文網)