膽鹼的攝取和代謝可以調節巨噬細胞的產生
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/7/9 13:31:42
加州大學聖地牙哥分校Michael Karin課題組發現,膽鹼攝取和代謝可以調節巨噬細胞IL1β和IL18的產生。 2019年6月,國際知名學術期刊《Cell Metabolism》發表了這一成果。
該研究組發現Toll樣受體(TLR)的激活,通過誘導膽鹼轉運體CTL1提高巨噬細胞和小膠質細胞對膽鹼的攝取。阻止CTL1表達或抑制膽鹼磷酸化減弱被刺激巨噬細胞中NLRP3炎症體的激活和IL1β和IL18的產生。從機制上講,膽鹼攝取減少會改變線粒體脂質分布,減弱線粒體ATP合成,並激活能量傳感器AMP激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)。通過增強線粒體對DRP1的募集,AMPK刺激有絲分裂,有助於終止NLRP3炎症激活。相應地,膽鹼激酶抑制劑改善了IL1β依賴性的急性和慢性炎症模型。
據悉,膽鹼是一種維生素樣營養物質,通過特定的轉運體被攝取,並由膽鹼激酶代謝,膽鹼激酶將其轉化為合成新的磷脂醯膽鹼(PC)所需的磷酸膽鹼,而磷脂醯膽鹼是細胞膜的主要磷脂之一。
附:英文原文
Title: Choline Uptake and Metabolism Modulate Macrophage IL-1β and IL-18 Production
Author: Elsa Sanchez-Lopez, Zhenyu Zhong, Alexandra Stubelius, Stefano Tiziani, Monica Guma, Michael Karin
Issue&Volume: Jun 04, 2019 Volume 29Issue 6
Abstract: Choline is a vitamin-like nutrient that is taken up via specific transporters and metabolized by choline kinase, which converts it to phosphocholine needed for de novo synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), the main phospholipid of cellular membranes. We found that Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation enhances choline uptake by macrophages and microglia through induction of the choline transporter CTL1. Inhibition of CTL1 expression or choline phosphorylation attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β and IL-18 production in stimulated macrophages. Mechanistically, reduced choline uptake altered mitochondrial lipid profile, attenuated mitochondrial ATP synthesis, and activated the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). By potentiating mitochondrial recruitment of DRP1, AMPK stimulates mitophagy, which contributes to termination of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Correspondingly, choline kinase inhibitors ameliorated acute and chronic models of IL-1β-dependent inflammation.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.03.011
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30139-1