核心詞彙careful（careless） 習慣搭配與用法

一、careful的搭配與用法

1. 後接介詞 of 或 about, 表示「當心」「留意」等。如：　　

　

　Be careful of the traffic.

注意交通安全。

I think you should be careful about talking of the rebels as heroes...

我覺得你說話應該小心,不能把反叛分子當英雄。

It is important, I think, for everyone to be careful about claiming victory.

我想，每個人宣布勝利時都應該慎重。

Be careful about fire!小心火燭。

Be careful of the instruments.

注意別損壞儀器。

Be careful of the dog; it sometimes bites people. 當心那條狗，它有時候咬人。　　

You must be careful of [about] your pronunciation. 你要注意你的發音。

be careful 後一般不接介詞 for。如：　　

我希望你要多注意身體。　　

正：I hope you』ll be more careful of [about] your health.　　

誤：I hope you』ll be more careful for your health.　　

2. 表示做某事時要小心或仔細，其後通常接 in doing sth。如：　　

Be careful in crossing the street. 過馬路時小心。　　

You cannot be too careful in driving a car. 開車時再怎麼小心也不為過。

　　One cannot be too careful in guarding Party and state secrets.

保守黨和國家的機密，慎之又慎。

如果後接名詞，則通常用介詞with。如：　

　Please be careful with my glasses (= Don&39;t handled properly

這東西一定要小心，稍不注意的話就會有危險。

You will have to make a special effort to train your child to be careful with her pocket-money

你得格外注意培養孩子的節儉意識，零花錢要省著花。

I have to be more careful with the work tops, as wood marks easily.

我必須格外小心使用操作臺，因為木頭容易留下汙跡。

Do be careful with that vase! 務必小心那個花瓶！　　

You have to be careful with people you don’t know. 對不認識的人得當心。

Be careful with money. 花錢精打細算；不亂花錢。

You should be more carful with your money.你應該更加不要亂花錢。

這個詞接money時一般用with，常考考點。

3. 後接不定式，表示注意要做某事。如：　　

Be careful not to drop it. 小心不要把它掉了。　

　Be careful not to slip.

小心，別滑倒了。

She kissed me, careful not to smudge me with her fresh lipstick

她小心翼翼地吻了我，以免把剛剛抹上的口紅弄到我臉上。

He was always careful to avoid embarrassment.

他總是小心謹慎地避免尷尬。

You must be careful to avoid being caught. 你必須小心，不要被抓住。　

　He was careful to keep out of sight.

他小心翼翼地躲開別人的視線。

Be careful not to wake the baby.

注意別吵醒了寶寶。

We had to be very careful not to be seen

我們得小心翼翼，不能被發現。

注意該用法與後接in doing sth的區別。比較：　　

He’s careful to read every sentence. 他注意讀（即不漏讀）每一個句子。　　

He’s careful in reading every sentence. 他讀每個句子都很仔細。　　

4. 其後可接從句作賓語。如：

　Be careful you don&39;t be too careful when a young child is near water.

孩子在水邊時，還是越小心越好。

後接 what 從句時，可用介詞 of, about 等，但通常省略，但是若是接 that, how, when, where 等引導的從句，則一般不用介詞；另外，從句謂語若指將來，通常要用一般現在時代替將來時。如：　　

Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings. (=Be careful not to hurt her feelings). 當心別傷害她的感情。

以上是careful 作表語的一些用法；其實這個詞也可以作定語：

He is the most careful driver she has ever met.

他是她見過的最謹慎的司機。

I&39;t be so careless about/with spelling.

別那麼粗心大意地犯拼寫錯誤。

該句式也可換成以「人」作主語的句子。

如：

你犯這樣的錯誤真是粗心。

It was careless of you to make such a mistake.

=You were careless to make such a mistake.

注意，這樣用時句首的it為形式主語，不能改為 that。但是這類句子後面不出現不定式，那麼句首的it也可換為 that。

如：

It was very careless of him.

=That’s very careless of him.

他太粗心了。

2. 比較be careless to do sth與be careless in doing sth：前者中的不定式為結果狀語，指由於粗心而做了某事；後者中的in doing sth表示時間，其中的in相當於while，指在做某事時很粗心。

如：

He was careless to make the mistake.

他很粗心，結果出了錯。

He was careless in typing the letter.

他打這封信時很粗心。

3. 表示「對……不在意或不關心」等，其後可接介詞 about, of, with 等。

如：

He’s careless of [about] his speech.

他講話隨便。

She is careless of [with] his health.

她不注意身體。

Don&39;s careless about her hygiene

她不注意個人衛生。

He had shown himself careless of personal safety where the life of his colleagues might be at risk

當同事身處危險時他表現英勇，不顧個人安危。

He is careless with his pronunciation.

他對語音不注意。

Don’t be so careless with your money.

你花錢不要這樣隨便。

同樣，可以作定語：

a careless worker/driver

粗心大意的工人 / 司機

a careless laugh/smile

淡然的一笑

She gave a careless shrug.

她漠然地聳了聳肩。

With a careless flip of his wrists, he sent the ball quickly on its way.

他手腕輕輕一抖，球就飛出去了。

Some mothers were a bit careless with money

有些當媽媽的花錢有點隨意。

He's a rather careless fellow.

他這個人做事比較馬虎。

A careless driver is a danger to the public.

粗心的駕駛員對於公眾是一種危險。

One careless move loses the whole game.

一著不慎，全局皆輸。