編輯推薦：新東方2013年考研真題及答案解析匯總
我們不妨先來看下這次考試的真題部分。
People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that ___1___ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by ___2___ factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big ___3___ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. ___4___ , he theorized that a judge ___5___ of appearing too soft ___6___ crime might be more likely to send someone to prison ___7___ he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day。
To ___8___ this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the ___9___ of an applicant should not depend on the few others ___10___ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was ___11___.
He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, ___12___ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had ___13___ applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale ___14___ numerous factors into consideration. The scores were ___15___ used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is ___16___ out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her。
Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one ___17___ that, then the score for the next applicant would ___18___ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to ___19___ the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been ___20___.
1.[A]grants [B] submits [C]transmits [D] delivers
2.[A] minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external
3.[A] issue [B] vision [C]picture [D] moment
4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle [D] Above all
5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D]thoughtless
6.[A] in [B] on [C]to [D]for
7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless
8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test
9.[A] decision [B] quality [C]status [D] success
10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified
11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C]replaceable [D] otherwise
12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C]conducted [D] secured
13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C]matched [D] arranged
14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D]took
15.[A]instead [B]then [C]ever [D] rather
16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced
17.[A]before [B] after [C]above [D] below
18.[A] jump [B] float [C]drop [D] fluctuate
19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard
20.[A] promising [B] possible [C]necessary [D] helpful
先看篇章。從結構上而言，本次考試的文章較去年的簡單：今年文章共分四段，去年有七段，而且今年文章結構更為明確——第一段為理論，二、三、四段為支持性例證，非常典型的理論結合實踐型文章。從文章題材上而言，也較去年降低了難度：去年考察的是法律範疇的文章，並且專注於法政分離的抽象概念，這對於中國學生而言屬於一個較為生僻的領域；而今年考察的是一個科學性問題——大環境因素對個體決策的影響，且大篇幅的例子加強了理論的可理解性。從文章出處而言，本次完型的文章出自《經濟學人》（The Economist）2012年6月16日刊（原文標題A question of judgment，原文地址http://www.economist.com/node/21556895），而同出自《經濟學人》（The Economist）2012年6月9日刊的是本次考試閱讀第二篇（原文標題Microsoft and privacy change of track，原文地址http://www.economist.com/node/21556623），這足以證明了《經濟學人》雜誌作為考研學生課外讀物的必要性。
再看詞彙。從選項詞彙而言，我們發現此次考試基本所有選項都在四級範疇內，尤其是作為答案的選項（下劃線標記）更是在眾多選項中尤其簡單者。雖然個別詞彙考察了熟詞的生僻含義如第三題的big picture考察了「大局」的含義，但這樣的生僻含義在理解上與字面意思相距不遠。
深入考點。本次考試的完型填空走的路線非常大眾。首先，文章首句中規中矩地沒有出題，這基本成為了完形填空約定俗成的標準（除01年完型改革成20道題後的第一次以外），所以把握首句含義對做題有著非常重大的意義。首句大意：總體而言，人們在做個體決策時考慮背景信息的能力欠佳。本文中的第2題的external factors和第3題的big picture指的其實就是文章首句中的background information，考察篇章理解及同義替換能力。尤其是第3題an inability to consider the big picture完全就是首句poor at considering background information的改寫。其次，文中多數考題依然考察了考生對篇章邏輯的把握，以及在篇章中線索的尋找。虛詞考題按以往出題標準，依然保持了5題左右，其中第4題For example考察了舉例關係、第7題if考察了條件關係、第15題考察了動作上的先後順接關係。第18題的drop表示分數上的下降，可以從文章末句的the effects of such a decrease中的decrease找到非常明確的線索。再次，選項中依然大量保留了邏輯正負對比選項特點，一方面考察考生對文章邏輯的把握，一方面考察考生詞彙的運用。如第5題的[A] fond和[C] capable為正面選項，而[B] fearful和[D] thoughtless則為負面選項，考生需要先把握主題，知道此處是表達正面還是負面邏輯，然後在剩下的兩個選項中作出相應的選擇。再如第19題正面選項[A] achieve和[C] maintain負面則為[B] undo和[D] disregard，而17題則對應更好，[A] before對[B] after，[C] above對[D] below。對於此類考題，考生只要能把握文章主旨，明確此時的正負邏輯，即使無法從剩下兩個選項中確定選出正確答案，那至少也有50%的正確概率。所以我們上課時一再強調了篇章結構和邏輯的重要性。
綜上所述，通過段首段尾尤其是文首句判斷文章大意，從而把握篇章結構；掌握至少四級內常用詞彙的意思和使用方法；熟悉考官的出題思路，從而在文章中、選項中尋找相應的線索和解題思路；平時多閱讀國外著名期刊、雜誌、報紙，以上四點對於考研的學生來說是解決考研中最難也最雞肋的完型填空的最佳途徑。
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