中考英語易錯、易混知識點詳解（5）
151. We had hoped that he ____ longer.A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay
解析：該題正確答案為Ｄ。had hoped表示"本希望"，同樣用法的動詞還有think, expect等，後面的句子需用虛擬語氣
152. "Mary wants to see you today"."I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."
A comes B came C should come D will come
解析：該題正確答案為Ｂ。would rather後面的從句需用虛擬語氣，用動詞過去時表示。
153. It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.
A put away B kept up C given away D laid up
解析：該題正確答案為Ａ。意為"存"；keep up意為"繼續"；give away意為"分發"；lay up"
154. I learned that her father ____ in 1950.
A had died B died C dead D is dead
解析：該題正確答案為Ｂ。從句中的謂語動詞動作雖然發生在主句謂語動詞的動作之前，但因從句中有明確的過去時間狀語in 1950, 所以不用過去完成時態，而用一般過去時態。
155. The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.
A is looked B has looked for
C is being looked for D has been looked
解析：該題正確答案為Ｃ。在帶有介詞的動詞短語用於被動語態句中，介詞不能省，否則就變成了不及物動詞短語，而不能用於被動語態的句子中。
156. She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.
A going B to go C for going D went
解析：該題正確答案為A。 feel like = want, 此處like 為介詞，後面要接名詞或動名詞作賓語
157. _______ if he had any bad habit, she replied that he was a heavy smoker.
A. Ask B. To ask C. Asked D. Asking
解析：該題答案為C。主語she是被問。
158. They _______ to walk in the street at might.
A. didn't dare B. not dared C. not dare D. dared not
解析，該題答案為A， 此空需選一動詞作謂語，因為後面是to walk, didn't dare是行為動詞dare過去時態的否定形式。
159. When he was very old, Mr. Smith _______ sit for hours without saying a word.
A. would B. should C. must D. used
解析，該題答案為A, would此處表過去的傾向性，習慣性動作，意為"總是"如: When we were children, we would go swimming every summer.
160. Don't forget to post the letter, _______ ?
A. will you B. do you C. won't you D. shall you
解析：該題答案為A， 在否定句、祈使句後只用"will you"?，但肯定的祈使句後可用如，Wait for me, will (won't, can, can't, could) you?
161.He hardly writes to you, _______ ?
A. doesn't he B. does he C. do they D. has he
解析：該題答案為B，hardly否定副詞，反問部分要用肯定形式。
162. _______ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.
A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when
解析：該題答案為B。whether可以和or連用，if不可以，此外if一般僅用於賓語從句。
163. The way _______ these comrades look at problems is wrong.
A. where B. in that C.X D. with which解析：該題答案為C，先行詞是way，定語從句中用that或 in which來引導或不填。
164. ____a long time since I saw you last time.
A．It was B. It is C. It had been D. It can be
解析：該題答案為B，It is +時間數+ since引導的從句是一個句型，意為"從…時候以來過了多久了。"
165. The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.
A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built
解析：該題答案為A。works形式上是複數，意思上是單數，因此謂語動詞用單數，類似的還有news, maths, politics, physics.
166.They each _______ a copy of the new physics.
A. have B. has C. having D. gets
解析：該題答案為A。They each不等於each of …, each of 這個詞組作主語謂語用單數如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主語，謂語要隨each前面的詞來變化。
167.Not only ____ this machine but ____ it.
A. can he run……can he repair B. can he run……he can repair
C. he can run……he can repair D. he can run……can he repair
解析：該題答案為B，在not only……but (also)句型中，只有but前面的部分倒裝，but後面仍是正常語序。
168.____ that he went to sleep.
A It was until midnight B That was until midnight
C It was not until midnight D That was not until midnight
解析：該題答案為C。強調until結構時，要將否定詞not移到until前。又如：He didn't leave until twelve 改為It was not until twelve that he left.
169. There are a lot of students ____ in the class room.
A talk B talking C talked D to talk
解析：該題正確答案為B。 There be句型為倒裝句，可換為A lot of students are talking in the class room. 又如：There is a lot of noise heard out in the street.
170. While ____my homework, I heard a cry for help.
A do B did C doing D having done
解析：該題答案為C。該空處省略了I'm,相當於while I'm doing my home work.如：While playing guitar, he is singing.
171. The bus ____C__ on the road for 2 hours so far.
A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been
Are you __A___ the jacket these days?
A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on
He __C______ foe 2 hours.
A. got up B. has got up C. has been up
You mustn't ___B_____ until he comes back.
A. be away B. leave C. be left
172. —These farmers have been to the United States. —Really ？ When _____ there ？
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone
現在完成時與一般過去時容易混淆，就是因為它們所表示的動作都發生在過去，但二者又有區別：一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的事、存在的狀態或經常發生的動作，說話的側重點在於陳述一件過去的事情，與現在沒有關係；現在完成時表示與現在有關係的發生在過去的動作，它不與表示過去的時間狀語（如yesterday ， last week ， a moment ago等）連用。故9的正確答案為B.
173. His father ______ the Party since 1978.
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
現在完成時中，非延續性動詞不能與for和since引導的表示一段時間的狀語連用，通常是用相應的延續性動詞來代替。故11的正確答案依次為：D.
174. You must make your new house clean and safe __C_____you move in.
A.because B.when C.before D.until
I was_______tired_______I couldn't walk on.(A)
A.so…that B.too…to C.very…that D.very…to
I thought he___D____to see his mother if he time.
A.will go…has B.will go …will have
C.would go …would have D.would go …had
175. Today the forests have almost gone. People must ___C____ down too many trees.
A. stop from cutting B. stop to cut
C. be stopped from cutting D. be stopped to cut
176.It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.(B)
A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to
177. My mother was very glad __A____ her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
＂be +形容詞+ to do sth＂結構中的不定式作狀語，常表示原因或方式。
178. . The panda is so fat that it can't go through the hole.(改為意思相同的句子)
The hole ______ ______ ______ ______ such a fat panda to go through.( is， too， small， for)
＂too +形容詞/副詞(for sb)to do…＂(太……而不能……)和＂enough (for sb) to do…＂(足以、足夠……做……)結構中，不定式作結果狀語。
179. The new hospital ___ D ___ is near the factory.
A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built
當不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者(賓語)時，用動詞不定式的被動式，即：to be +過去分詞；如果不定式所表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前，不定式用完成式，即：to have +過去分詞；如果不定式表示的動作和謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生，用不定式的進行式，即：to be +現在分詞
180.________ China isn't rich now, ________we're working hard to make her richer and stronger(B)
A. Though; but B. Though; / C. Both; and D. Because; so
so(因此; 所以)為並列連詞，表示結果；because(因為)為從屬連詞，表示原因，但這對因果連詞在句中不可同時並用。but(可是)也為並列連詞，表示轉折，與之對應的從屬連詞though/although (雖然)表示讓步，它們也不可在句中同時使用。
181. Be careful! The water is too hot. You'd better ___C___ it right now.
A. do not drink B. not to drink C. not drink D. not drinking
【考點】 You'd better 為You had better的縮略式。sb had better (not) do sth為一常用句型，意為「某人最好(不)去做某事」，請大家務必關注其否定結構。
182. We found ___A____ necessary to protect the environment.
A. it B. this C. that D. what
【考點】 「主語+find+ it +adj. + to do sth」為一常用句型，意為「某人發現做某事……」，其中it為形式賓語(此時不可用this/that/one等代詞替換)，真實的賓語為後置的不定式短語。
183..中文：從戰爭開始時他就一直在那裡工作。(誤)He has worked there since the war has begun.
(正)He has worked there since the war began.（since引導的從句表示過去的某時間點，應用一般過去時。）
184. 中文：他去年離開家我就一直沒有見過他。(誤)He left home last year and I did not see him since.
(正)He left home last year and I haven\'t seen him since.（since後面省去的是he left home last year，前面的句子要用完成時。）
185. 中文：我去看他們的時候他們在吃晚餐。(誤)They had supper when I went to see them.
(正)They were having supper when I went to see them.（他們在吃晚餐是在過去我去看他們的時間某一點上正進行的動作，應用過去進行時。）
中文：她兩個月前去澳洲了，她許多年前到過那裡。(誤)She went to Australia two months ago. She has been there many years before.(正)She went to Australia two months ago. She had been there many years before.（many years before是從過去的某時之前算起的，表示過去的過去，要和過去完成時連用。）
186.Neither he nor you is good at English.（×）
Neither he nor you are good at English.（√）
析：either... or...，neither... nor...，not only...，but also...等詞組連接句子的兩個主語時，謂語動詞遵循「就近一致原則」，即由靠近謂語的那個主語決定謂語的人稱和數用何種形式。
187. I can't help _____ the house this afternoon
A. sweeping B. sweep C. swept D. with sweep
B。易錯選A，學生誤用了短語can’t help v-ing。但此題不是「忍不住」之意，而是「不能幫……」之意。
188.The lift is used to ____ up and down every day.
A. going B. went C. go D. gone
C．易錯選A，學生是根據短語be used to v-ing（習慣於…）做出的選擇。但此題的be used to是被動語態，不是「習慣於…」而是「被用來做……」。
189. My pen ____ better than yours. I may lend it to you.
A. is written B. wrote C. writes D. is writing
C。易錯選A，學生認為「物」作主語時，應用被動語態。但此句中並不是pen「被寫」，不能用被動形式。
190.____ my visit to France, I arrived ____Paris the first.
A. At, in B. On, at C. During, to D. In, on
B。易錯選A，學生的根據是巴黎是大地方所以應用介詞in。但根據此題之意，巴黎是「我」訪問法國的第一站而非目的地。在「我」的訪問的行程中，巴黎只是旅途中的一個「點」，故宜用at。
191. I didn't buy the dictionary yesterday ____ my aunt would give me one. (河南)A. until B. because C. if D. before
B。易錯選A，學生只是根據固定搭配not…until來選擇，而沒有去理解該句的意思。句意為因為姑姑要給我買一本，所以我不買了，是因果關係，不是時間關係。
192____ is your father?—The tall man with a pair of glasses under the tree. .
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Which
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A或B或C。如果不看語境把四個選項代入句中意思都很通順。答語意為「樹底下那個戴著眼鏡的高個子男人」。由此可知問句的意思應該為「哪一個是你父親」。因此正確答案為D。
193.— Could you tell them____?— Of course, she lives in Shanghai Road. (昆明市)
A. where Lily livesB. where Lily livedC. where did Lily liveD. where to live in
A。易錯選B，學生一看到could，就認為應該選過去時lived。但此題是表示委婉語氣，故用一般現在時
194. He hasn't heard from his friend ____ last month.
A. since B. by the end of C. for D. until
A。易錯選B或D。not…until，和last month應與過去的某種時態，而不是現在的某種時態連用。
195—What would you like to drink?—It doesn’t matter. _______ will do.
A. Nothing B. Everything C. Something D. Anything【解析】如果不看語境把四個選項代入句中意思都很通。其實，這裡的語境為「你想喝點什麼?」「沒關係，任何東西都行」。正確答案為D。
196. —What is your favourite _______?—Summer. I can go swimming at that time.
A. festival B. season C. month D. weather
【解析】如果不看語境，四個選項代入句中意思都很通順。由答語可知問句所問的是最喜愛哪個季節，因此正確答案為B。
197. It’s _______ hot _______ cold all the year round in Kunming. It’s called 「Spring City. 」
A. either, or B. neither, nor C. both, and D. neither, or
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A或C。這是由於忽略語境造成的。如果不看下文中的It’s called 「Spring City. 」那麼從語法角度來看A、B、C三項都沒有錯。但在這裡只有B項才符合語境要表達的意思。正確答案為B。
198.Don’t throw waste paper on the ground. Please _______.
A. pick them up B. pick up them C. pick it up D. pick up it
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A。這是由於忽略語境造成的，如果不注意上文中的waste paper，就很可能誤選為A。由於waste paper是不可數名詞，應該用it來代替，故正確答案為C。
199. 1. Mr Li said, 「Don’t make such a mistake again, Tim.」 (改為間接引語)
Mr Li told Jim ______ ______ ______ such a mistake again.
not to make。直接引語為否定祈使句時，若改為間接引語，用ask / tell sb not to do sth句型，注意其中的Don’t改成了not to。
200.Why didn’t she pass the exam? I want to know... (改為含賓語從句的複合句)
I want to know ______ ______ ______ pass the exam
why, she didn’t。注意賓語從句的詞序與陳述句的詞序相同，所以要說she didn’t。
201.Jack’s father asked him, 「Have you packed your things?」 (改為間接引語)
Jack’s father asked him ______ he ______ packed his things.
if, had。將一般疑問句的直接引語改為間接引語，就是將其改為一個以if(是否)引導的賓語從句。賓語從句要用陳述句語序，主句中的謂語動詞是過去式時，賓語從句的謂語動詞也用過去式。
202.Hurry up, or you』ll miss the early bus. (改為含條件狀語從句的複合句)
______ ______ hurry, ______ ______miss the early train.
If you, you will。「祈使句+and / or+陳述句」句型中的祈使句就相當於一個if引導的條件狀語從句。注意：改寫時因為前面用了連詞if，後面的連詞and / or要去掉。
203.This text is very difficult. I can’t understand it. (合併為同義句)
This text is ______ difficult for me ______ understand.
too, to。因為too…to…意為「太……而不能……」正好與前面的意思相吻合。另外，改寫後的句子也可說成The text is so difficult that I can’t understand it.
204.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ____ there several years ago.
A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been
題幹中前半句「know」，一般現在時；後半句出現「several years ago」，明顯的表示過去的時間，所以選擇一般過去時「went」，答案C.本題很多同學都順著中文「去過」而誤選了「D. have been」，是沒有掌握好語句中出現了具體過去時間這一關鍵。
205. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She ____ before.
A. hasn『t flown B. didn『t fly C. hadn『t flown D. wasn『t flying
題幹中前半句「was」，一般過去時；後半句最後出現「before」說明是在過去（was）之過去，前半句的「was」給出了選擇過去完成時的時間背景，因此選擇C.
206. By the time you get back， great changes ______ in this area.
A.will take place B.will be taken place
C.are going to take place D.will have taken place
題幹「By the time you get back」，是「到你（將來）回來時」，這裡因為是時間狀語從句，將來時用一般時代替，因此後半句的時間應當使「將已經」，故選擇D.
207.When their first child was born, they ______ for three years.
A. had married B. had been married C. had got married D. got married
[解析★]選B。這道題考察過去完成時。看到for three years, 第一，馬上想到使用完成時，排除Ｄ。第二，動作必須是可延續性的，所以排除Ａ、Ｃ兩項。答案Ｃ。
208.I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
[解析★★]選B。 這道題情態動詞+have done 表示「對過去發生的事件的推測」。shouldn’t have done 表示「本不該做某事，但是卻做了。」所以選B最合適。C. couldn’t have done 表示「過去不可能發生的事」。
209. When all the work ______, you may go back home.
A. finishes B. has finished C. is finished D. will be finished
[解析]選C。考察兩個語法點：第一考察主將從現，主句使用may + 動詞原形，相當於一般講來時，從句應該使用一般現在時，所以A、C兩項入圍。第二考察被動語態。Work 和finish 的關係是動賓關係，因work（工作）自己本身不能發出finish這個動作。所以用被動語態。答案是C
210.Lucy and I are classmates. We _______ in Class One.
A. all are B. are all C. both are D. are both
【解析】此題容易誤選A或C。這裡受到漢語思維的影響引起的，譯成漢語正好是「我們都在一班」。表示兩者都要用both，both一般放在be動詞、情態動詞或助動詞之後，行為動詞之前。正確答案為D。