是非無判斷題Not Given考點分析
An Analysis of Not Given
Reading Procedures 閱讀步驟:
Step 1: 在題目中劃出定位詞。
Step 2: 定位詞在文章中定位。
Step 3: 若定位詞在文章中無法定位，則看有無同義轉換，若無同義轉換，那麼確定答案是Not Given。若在文章中可以定位題目中的定位詞，那就要看一下幾個方面來確定是Not Given：
1. 題目中有比較結構，在文章中出現此結構，但是比較的對象不同
2. 題目中用情態動詞表示對未來的預測或者展望，而在文章中沒有提及
3. 題目中有的相關修飾詞(即考點詞)在文章中沒有相關的同義詞的解釋對應
4. 在文章中出現過題目中的定位詞，但是通過結構多樣性的比較，兩者是沒有關係的。
Example:
題目：The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves.
文章：No one theory can explain improvements in performance, but the most important factor has been genetics. The athletes must choose his parents carefully. ……
5. 時間對應信息不一致，導致主體信息無法判斷
Example:
題目：There was little improvement in athletic performance before the twentieth century.
文章：Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects…….
除了以上這些方面之外，還有一些內容學要掌握以確定是否是Not Given。
Ⅰ. 題目中有比較結構，文章中無比較結構則答案判斷為Not Given。
例一：
原文: And the future? It is anticipated that, in the years to come, leisure spending will account for between a third to a half of all household spending, whilst it is difficult to give exact figures, the leisure industry will certainly experience a long period of sustained growth.
題目: In future, people will pay less for the leisure facilities they use than they do today.
分析：
第一步：確定題目中的定位詞和考點詞(關鍵詞)。本題中的定位詞是leisure。另外，考點詞是pay和一個表示比較結構less……than。
第二步; 定位詞到原文中定位。Leisure在原文中出現了兩次。Pay這個詞在原文中出現了詞性轉換和同義轉換，成為了另外一個詞：spending。
第三步：原文中定位另外一個關鍵信息：比較結構。但是原文中並沒有出現此結構因此確定答案是Not Given。
例二：
原文: Healthcare providers diagnose insomnia in several ways. One way is to categorize insomnia by how often it occurs. Another way is to identify the insomnia by what is causing the sleep deprivation. The two main types of insomnia have been described as Primary Insomnia and Secondary Insomnia. Primary Insomnia is a chronic condition with little apparent association with stress or a medical problem. The most common form of primary insomnia is psychophysiological insomnia. Secondary insomnia is caused by symptoms that accompany a medical condition such as anxiety, depression or pain.
題目: Secondary insomnia is far more common than Primary insomnia.
分析：
第一步：確定題目中的定位詞。定位詞是兩個專有名詞Secondary insomnia和Primary insomnia。而本題的關鍵詞則是far more common than的比較結構。
第二步; 定位詞到原文中定位。文章中兩次出現了以上兩個專有名詞。
第三步：原文中定位另外一個關鍵信息：比較結構。但是原文中並沒有出現此結構因此確定答案是Not Given。
Ⅱ. 題目中有表示因果關係的表達方式，而原文中並沒有此表述或相似結構，則答案判斷為Not Given。
例：
原文: Working hours are not expected to decrease, partly because the 24-hour society will need to be serviced; and secondly, because more people will be needed to keep the service/leisure industries running. In the coming decades, the pace of change will accelerate generating greater wealth at a faster rate than ever before. Surveys show that this is already happening in many parts of Europe. The south-east of England, for example, is now supposedly the richest area in the EEC. The 『leisure pound』 is one of the driving forces behind this surge.
（責任編輯：申月月）