三、被動語態的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰 例如：
Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的)
This book was published in
2)強調動作的承受者，而不強調動作的執行者。
例如：the window was broken by Mike.
This book was written by him.
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小時睡眠必須得到保證。
歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要；
動作承受者需強調，被動語態運用到。/
四、主動語態變被動語態的方法
(1)把主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語。
(2)把謂語變成被動結構(be＋過去分詞)
(根據被動語態句子裡的主語的人稱和數，以及原來主動語態句子中動詞的時態來決定be的形式)。
(3)把主動語態中的主語放在介詞by之後作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are madeby them in the factory.
歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by短語後面跟。
謂語動詞變被動，be後「過分」來使用。
五、含有情態動詞的被動語態
含有情態動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由「情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞」構成，原來帶to的情態動詞變成被動語態後「to」仍要保留。
歌訣是：情態動詞變動，情態加be加「過分」，原來帶to要保留。例如：
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away.
They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
He is going to make it.
→It is going to be made（by him）.
We can change water into ice.
我們可以把水變成冰。
Water can be changed into ice.
水可以被變成冰。
You must not take out any books.
你不可以拿走任何一本書。
Any books mustn't be taken out by you.
六、使用被動語態應注意的幾點
1.帶雙賓語的主動結構的句子，變為被動語態結構時，只能將其中的一個賓語變為主語，另一個賓語仍要保留。如果保留的是間接賓語，要在間接賓語之前加上介詞to或for.如：
She sent me a novel on my birthday.
I was sent a novel on my birthday.
She sent a novel to me on my birthday.
A novel was sent to me on my birthday.
We are taught English by her.或English is taught to us by her.
同樣類型的：give sb sth/buy sb sth； give sth to sb/ buy sth for sb.
2.當使役動詞和感官動詞（如make，let，hear，see等）用與被動語態時，不定式必須帶to
The boss made him work over twelve hours a day.
He was made to work over twelve hours a day.
3.短語動詞用於被動語態應作為一個整體，不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。如：
The meeting has been put off.
4.有些及物動詞和及物動詞短語(多表示「靜態」)不能用於被動語態，常見的有have， cost， last， hold， fit， agree with等。
5.有些不及物動詞以主動形式表示被動意義，常見的有cut， wash， write， sell等。如： The shirt washes well.
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