導語：作者根據「阿莫」的故事，向我們講述了雄性頭領具備的特徵，並與人類社會的「雄性頭領」做了比較，那麼，雄性頭領到底是什麼呢？聽原文，一起來尋找答案吧！
Well, I have known many alpha males in my life, chimpanzee alpha males, and I'm going to talk about what an alpha male is, because I think we can all learn a lot from our close relatives where we have alpha males.
我這一生見識過很多雄性頭領，黑猩猩當中的雄性頭領，我將會談何為雄性領袖，因為我覺得可以從我們的近親那學到很多，我們也有雄性領袖。
chimpanzee [ˌtʃɪmpænˈziː]：n.黑猩猩
And as an example, I want to give you Amos, a male that I knew who was a young male and he was alpha male, he was very popular, but he got sick and he lost his position.
給你們舉個例子，我認識一隻叫阿莫的雄性黑猩猩，他是一個年輕的雄性頭領，他非常受歡迎，但後來他病了並失去了他的地位。
Because, you know, chimpanzee males they can spot from a mile away if you are weak and they went for him.
And he lost his position, and then he got sicker and sicker until at some point we had to isolate him.
阿莫因此失去了地位，並病得越來越重。直到最後，我們不得不把他隔離起來。
The group lived on a grassy island, and we had to isolate him in a cage. but we cracked open the cage so that the rest of the chimps still had access to him.
這群黑猩猩生活在一個長滿草的島上，我們不得不用籠子把他隔離起來，但是我們把籠子開了一個口，所以其他的黑猩猩可以來探望他。
And what happened was most touching. Other chimps would bring food to him, they would bring wood wool to him, which is this thing that they use to sleep in and build nests out of.
接下來發生的事情十分感人。其他黑猩猩會帶食物給阿莫，還會帶木屑給他，木屑是他們睡覺時做墊子和造窩用的材料。
chimp [tʃɪmp]：n.黑猩猩
And females would put the wood wool behind his back. He was leaning heavily against the wall, and the way we do with pillows to patients in a hospital, they were putting that stuff behind his back.
雌性黑猩猩會把木屑墊在阿莫的背後， 阿莫緊緊地靠著牆，就像在醫院裡，我們把枕頭墊在病人背後一樣，他們也用同樣的方式把木屑墊在阿莫的背上。
And I thought, this is the way to go for an alpha male.
He was loved and respected, and everyone was taking care of him, and this is not always how it goes, because some males don't end so well when they lose their position.
他受到大家的愛戴與尊敬並且得到照料，但並不是所有的雄性領袖都有這樣的待遇，因為有些雄性領袖失去地位的時，他們下場可不好。
So Amos was an example of a male who was liked as a leader, and I think the term alpha male, if you look it up on the internet, you will find all these business books that tell you how to be an alpha male.
所以，阿莫是一個受人愛戴的雄性領袖的例子，如果你上網查「雄性領袖」這個詞， 你會發現一堆教你如何成為一個雄性領袖的商業書籍。
And what they mean is how to beat up others and beat them over the head and let them know that you are boss and don't mess with me and so on.
但這些書籍所教的內容不過是如何打敗他人， 狠狠地打他的頭，讓他們知道你才是老大， 以及不要惹我之類。
And basically an alpha male for them is a bully. And I really don't like that kind of description, because I am actually partly responsible for the term "alpha male".
也就是雄性領袖基本與流氓無異。我並不是很喜歡這種描述，因為實際上，「雄性領袖」這個詞與我有些許關係。
bully[ˈbʊli]：n.仗勢欺人者;橫行霸道者
v.恐嚇;傷害;脅迫
int.好;妙
Because I wrote this book "Chimpanzee Politics," which was recommended by Newt Gingrich to freshmen congressmen.
因為我寫了《黑猩猩政治》這本書，紐特·金裡奇將這本書推薦給新上任的國會議員。
I don't know what good it did, but he recommended that book to them, and after that the term "alpha male" became very popular.
我不知道這本書起到什麼積極作用，但他將這本書推薦給他們，後來，「雄性領袖」這個詞變得流行起來。
But I think it is used in a mischaracterization.
It's used in a very superficial way that doesn't relate to what a real alpha male is. And so I'm here to explain what that is.
關於這個詞的描述十分膚淺與真正的雄性領袖沒一點關係。 所以我想在這解釋一下「雄性領袖」的真正含義。
The term itself goes back actually much further. It goes back to the '40s and '50s, research on wolves, and basically the definition is very simple.
這個詞可以追溯到很久以前。可追溯到40年代和50年代時關於狼的研究， 那時，「雄性領袖」的定義十分簡單。
The highest ranking male is the alpha male. The highest ranking female is the alpha female. Every primate group has one alpha male, one alpha female, not more than that.
在群體裡級別最高的那個雄性就是雄性領袖。在群體裡級別最高的那個雌性就是雌性領袖。每個靈長類動物群體都有一個雄性領袖和雌性領袖。不會超過這個數，只會有一個領袖。