演講者Regina Hartley把職場上的應聘者劃分為兩類人：一類人叫"銀勺" ，這類人畢業於常青藤大學，GPA幾乎滿分，他們擁有完美簡歷，人生一帆風順；另一類人叫"拳擊手"，他們沒有完美簡歷， 經歷過人生的挫折與困苦，但仍然能積極笑對人生，懷有激情、目標與希望。最後，講者Regina選擇了後者。如果你是面試官，你會怎麼選？
Regina Hartley: Why the best hire might not have the best resume
演講音頻：
演講全文（中英對照）：
Your company launches a search for an open position. The applications start rolling in, and the qualified candidates are identified. Now the choosing begins. Person A: Ivy League, 4.0, flawless resume, great recommendations. All the right stuff. Person B: state school, fair amount of job hopping, and odd jobs like cashier and singing waitress. But remember -- both are qualified. So I ask you: who are you going to pick?
你的公司發布了一個公開招聘的職位。申請表開始滾滾而來， 合格的候選人已被挑選出來。現在開始挑選。候選人A：常春藤盟校， 績點4.0， 完美的履歷， 出色的推薦信。所有好的要素都具備。候選人B：公立學校畢業， 碾轉於各種工作之間， 甚至包括做收銀員和唱歌的服務生。不過請記得—— 兩位都是符合要求的。所以，我要問問你們：你們會選擇哪一位？
My colleagues and I created very official terms to describe two distinct categories of candidates. We call A "the Silver Spoon," the one who clearly had advantages and was destined for success. And we call B "the Scrapper," the one who had to fight against tremendous odds to get to the same point. You just heard a human resources director refer to people as Silver Spoons and Scrappers --
我和我的同事發明了 一些非常正式的術語， 來描述這兩個不同類別的候選人。我們把 A 稱為「含著金鑰匙 （直譯為『銀湯匙』）的人」， 一個明顯具有優勢， 而且註定會成功的人。我們把 B 稱為「拳擊手」， 必須努力衝破重重難關 才能實現同樣的目標。你們剛剛聽到了一個人力資源總監 將應聘者比作 銀湯匙和拳擊手——
(Laughter)
（笑聲）
which is not exactly politically correct and sounds a bit judgmental. But before my human resources certification gets revoked --
這聽起來在政治上不太正確， 而且還有些武斷。但在我的人力資源證書被吊銷前——
(Laughter)
（笑聲）
Let me explain.
讓我來解釋一下。
A resume tells a story. And over the years, I've learned something about people whose experiences read like a patchwork quilt, that makes me stop and fully consider them before tossing their resumes away. A series of odd jobs may indicate inconsistency, lack of focus, unpredictability. Or it may signal a committed struggle against obstacles. At the very least, the Scrapper deserves an interview.
一份簡歷講述了一個故事。過去的那些年，我了解到 那些經歷好似拼布床單的人， 會讓我在把他們的簡歷扔掉前 會停下來認真地考慮一下他們。一系列雜亂的工作可能意味著 易變，不專心，難以捉摸。或者，它可能標誌著 努力掙扎跨越障礙。至少，「拳擊手」應該得到 一次面試機會。
To be clear, I don't hold anything against the Silver Spoon; getting into and graduating from an elite university takes a lot of hard work and sacrifice. But if your whole life has been engineered toward success, how will you handle the tough times? One person I hired felt that because he attended an elite university, there were certain assignments that were beneath him, like temporarily doing manual labor to better understand an operation. Eventually, he quit. But on the flip side, what happens when your whole life is destined for failure and you actually succeed?
不過我要強調一下， 我並不排斥「銀湯匙」；能夠被精英大學錄取並順利畢業， 同樣需要付出很多心血和犧牲。但是，如果你的一生 都被設計為走向成功， 你要如何應對困難的時刻呢？一位我曾經僱用過的人認為， 因為他畢業於精英大學， 某些類型的工作對他而言是低下的， 比如短時間從事體力勞動 以更好地了解公司運作。最終，他離開了。但是，另一方面， 如果你的人生註定失敗， 而你卻成功了，這是怎麼回事呢？
I want to urge you to interview the Scrapper. I know a lot about this because I am a Scrapper. Before I was born, my father was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, and he couldn't hold a job in spite of his brilliance. Our lives were one part "Cuckoo's Nest," one part "Awakenings" and one part "A Beautiful Mind."
我會建議你去面試「拳擊手」。我很了解這些， 因為我自己就是一個「拳擊手」。在我出生之前， 我的父親就被診斷為精神分裂症， 他無法繼續工作 儘管他很有才華。我們的生活就像「飛越瘋人院」， 「無語問蒼天」， 和「美麗心靈」的合集。
(Laughter)
（笑聲）
I'm the fourth of five children raised by a single mother in a rough neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York. We never owned a home, a car, a washing machine, and for most of my childhood, we didn't even have a telephone. So I was highly motivated to understand the relationship between business success and Scrappers, because my life could easily have turned out very differently. As I met successful business people and read profiles of high-powered leaders, I noticed some commonality.
我是一位單身母親五個孩子中的第四個， 我們在紐約布魯克林 一個混亂的街區生活。我們從未擁有過一個家， 一輛車，或是一個洗衣機， 在我童年的大部分時間， 我們甚至沒有一部電話。因此我有很強的意願 去理解生意場的成功 和「拳擊手」的關聯， 因為我的人生 很容易就會發展出不同的結局。我見過成功的商人， 也閱讀過具備出色領導能力的 人的資料， 我發現了其中的一些共性。
Many of them had experienced early hardships, anywhere from poverty, abandonment, death of a parent while young, to learning disabilities, alcoholism and violence. The conventional thinking has been that trauma leads to distress, and there's been a lot of focus on the resulting dysfunction. But during studies of dysfunction, data revealed an unexpected insight: that even the worst circumstances can result in growth and transformation. A remarkable and counterintuitive phenomenon has been discovered, which scientists call Post Traumatic Growth.
他們中的很多人經歷過早年的困頓， 可能是貧窮，被拋棄， 親人的早逝， 也可能是學習障礙， 酗酒和暴力。傳統的思維認為創傷會導致痛苦， 而且還重點強調了失敗的結果。但在我研究這些不成功的案例期間， 得到的數據卻揭示了一個出乎意料的結論：即便是最糟的境遇 也能導致成長和轉變。一個顯著但有悖常理的 現象已經被發現了， 科學家們稱之為「創後成長」。
In one study designed to measure the effects of adversity on children at risk, among a subset of 698 children who experienced the most severe and extreme conditions, fully one-third grew up to lead healthy, successful and productive lives. In spite of everything and against tremendous odds, they succeeded. One-third.
在一項設計用來衡量 逆境對困苦的孩子 會產生怎樣影響的研究表明， 在698位參與測試的孩子， 在經歷了最艱苦嚴苛的考驗後， 他們中的三分之一長大後獲得了健康、 成功以及豐富的人生。儘管經歷了巨大的艱難， 但最後還是成功了。有三分之一這麼多。
Take this resume. This guy's parents give him up for adoption. He never finishes college. He job-hops quite a bit, goes on a sojourn to India for a year, and to top it off, he has dyslexia. Would you hire this guy? His name is Steve Jobs.
看看這份簡歷。他被親生父母拋棄，交由他人收養。他沒有完成大學學業。他在某段時期頻繁跳槽， 在印度逗留了一年， 不止如此，他還有閱讀障礙。你會僱用他嗎？他的名字是史蒂夫·賈伯斯。
In a study of the world's most highly successful entrepreneurs, it turns out a disproportionate number have dyslexia. In the US, 35 percent of the entrepreneurs studied had dyslexia. What's remarkable -- among those entrepreneurs who experience post traumatic growth, they now view their learning disability as a desirable difficulty which provided them an advantage because they became better listeners and paid greater attention to detail. They don't think they are who they are in spite of adversity, they know they are who they are because of adversity. They embrace their trauma and hardships as key elements of who they've become, and know that without those experiences, they might not have developed the muscle and grit required to become successful.
一個對全球最成功企業家群體的 研究表明， 相當數量的企業家有閱讀障礙。在美國， 35%的企業家有閱讀障礙。值得注意的是——這些企業家中 那些經歷過創後成長的人， 成功後的他們將這樣的學習障礙 看作是值得經歷的困難， 這樣的困難給予了他們優勢， 他們因此成為更好的聽眾， 並且更加關注細節。他們在經歷逆境前， 並沒有看到自己的潛力， 而因為逆境，他們準確地定位了自己。他們擁抱傷害和困頓， 這是他們成為成功企業家的關鍵要素， 他們知道，如果沒有這些經歷， 他們也許沒有辦法發展出成功者 需要具備的勇氣和毅力。
One of my colleagues had his life completely upended as a result of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1966. At age 13, his parents were relocated to the countryside, the schools were closed and he was left alone in Beijing to fend for himself until 16, when he got a job in a clothing factory. But instead of accepting his fate, he made a resolution that he would continue his formal education. Eleven years later, when the political landscape changed, he heard about a highly selective university admissions test. He had three months to learn the entire curriculum of middle and high school. So, every day he came home from the factory, took a nap, studied until 4am, went back to work and repeated this cycle every day for three months. He did it, he succeeded. His commitment to his education was unwavering, and he never lost hope. Today, he holds a master's degree, and his daughters each have degrees from Cornell and Harvard.
我有一位同事，因為中國 1966年的文化大革命， 他的人生徹底顛覆了。在他13歲那年，他的父母被下放農村， 學校關閉了， 而他獨自在北京謀生， 直到16歲， 他在服裝廠找到了一份工作。與其接受命運， 他決心不如繼續完成學業。11年後，政治版圖改變了， 他聽說了一個 競爭相當激烈的大學入學考試。他只有3個月來學習整個初中 以及高中的課程。於是，每天他從工廠回家後， 先睡一小覺，然後學習到凌晨四點， 回去工廠工作， 就這樣日復一日過了整整三個月。他做到了，他成功了。他繼續求學的決心非常堅定， 也從未放棄希望。今天，他擁有了碩士學位， 他的兩個女兒則分別畢業於 康奈爾大學和哈佛大學。
Scrappers are propelled by the belief that the only person you have full control over is yourself. When things don't turn out well, Scrappers ask, "What can I do differently to create a better result?" Scrappers have a sense of purpose that prevents them from giving up on themselves, kind of like if you've survived poverty, a crazy father and several muggings, you figure, "Business challenges? --
「拳擊手」被信念推動向前進， 相信只有自己才能掌握自己的命運。當事情發展並不盡如人意， 「拳擊手」會問，「我能做些什麼別的 來創造一個更好的結果？」 「拳擊手」有目標意識， 永不放棄自己， 如果你從貧窮，瘋狂的父親 和數次被搶劫的經歷中存活下來， 你會覺得，「商業挑戰？——
(Laughter)
（笑聲）
Really? Piece of cake. I got this."
這還算事兒嗎？太簡單了。我能搞定。」
(Laughter)
（笑聲）
And that reminds me -- humor. Scrappers know that humor gets you through the tough times, and laughter helps you change your perspective.
這不禁讓我想起——幽默感。「拳擊手」知道，幽默能夠幫你 度過最艱難的時刻， 嘲笑你的人會幫助你 改變對未來的看法。
And finally, there are relationships. People who overcome adversity don't do it alone. Somewhere along the way, they find people who bring out the best in them and who are invested in their success. Having someone you can count on no matter what is essential to overcoming adversity. I was lucky. In my first job after college, I didn't have a car, so I carpooled across two bridges with a woman who was the president's assistant. She watched me work and encouraged me to focus on my future and not dwell on my past.
最後，還有人際關係。那些克服困難的人 並非一直單打獨鬥。奮鬥過程中的某時某刻， 他們會遇到伯樂，以及 在他們成功的道路上傾囊相助的人。不管發生什麼事， 總有一個人可以依靠， 這是克服困境的關鍵。我很幸運。得到大學畢業後的第一份工作時， 我還沒有車， 所以我與人拼車，跨越兩座橋去上班， 那位女士當時還是總統助理。她看到我工作， 並鼓勵我放眼未來， 不要老是想著過去。
Along the way I've met many people who've provided me brutally honest feedback, advice and mentorship. These people don't mind that I once worked as a singing waitress to help pay for college.
一路走來我遇到了很多人， 讓我懂得了忠言逆耳， 他們都是我的良師益友。這些人並不在意 我曾經是個為了支付上大學的開銷而 唱歌打工的女服務生。
(Laughter)
（笑聲）
I'll leave you with one final, valuable insight. Companies that are committed to diversity and inclusive practices tend to support Scrappers and outperform their peers. According to DiversityInc, a study of their top 50 companies for diversity outperformed the S&P 500 by 25 percent.
最後再分享一個有價值的見解。那些致力於多樣化和 包容開放行為的公司 更願意去支持「拳擊手」， 讓他們比同輩更出色。《多元化企業》雜誌的 一項研究表明，最多元化的50家企業的 運營表現超越了標準普爾500指數25%。
So back to my original question. Who are you going to bet on: Silver Spoon or Scrapper? I say choose the underestimated contender, whose secret weapons are passion and purpose.
那麼回到我最初的問題。你會將賭注放在誰身上：「銀湯匙」還是「拳擊手」？我會選擇被低估的競爭者， 他/她的秘密武器是激情和決心。
Hire the Scrapper.
請僱用「拳擊手」。
(Applause)
（鼓掌）
100天聽力訓練營
▲
識別上圖二維碼即可參與課程
1.3000左右的詞彙量增長；積累大量的實用表達
2.切實提高聽力能力，不會再出現「看得懂卻聽不懂」的問題，掌握練習聽力的方法，逐步能夠聽懂VOA BBC新聞，無字幕看電影
3.累計精聽21000字，相當於默寫了一本《小王子》
4.熟悉多樣的聽力材料，有能力在令人眼花繚亂的市場中找出適合自己學習的內容；
5.對於英文發音的連略讀現象有深刻的認識，在日後的學習中，有能力找出自己聽不懂的原因，並且可以自主解決和分析問題
6.大幅度提高應試成績