本期精讀回看:
讀報刊學英語:新冠肺炎疫情的經濟影響和政策應對-精讀筆記00
讀報刊學英語:新冠肺炎疫情的經濟影響和政策應對-精讀筆記01
讀報刊學英語:新冠肺炎疫情的經濟影響和政策應對-精讀筆記02
讀報刊學英語:新冠肺炎疫情的經濟影響和政策應對-課後練習
讀報刊學英語:新冠肺炎疫情的經濟影響和政策應對-泛讀
「增加/減少」的英文表達
以前我們總結過一篇有關「增加」的英文表達:總結有關「增加」的英文表達
這期精讀筆記我們又看到不同的用詞哦。
01
ramp sth up:to make sth increase in amount 使…的數量增加
e.g. China is ramping up efforts to speed up mask production. 中國正在加緊生產口罩。
ramp作名詞就表示「斜坡、坡道」
e.g. Public policy makes retirement a cliff edge, when it should be a ramp.目前的公共政策使得退休呈現為一種斷崖似節點,而它本該是一個緩坡。
02
peak作動詞用,意為「達到高峰、達到最高值」
e.g. Unemployment peaked at 17%. 失業率達到17%的最高點。
e.g. Many health, policy and economic experts worldwide are currently trying to map the curve of the outbreak and find out when the virus will peak. 目前,世界各地的衛生、政策和經濟專家都正試圖繪製疫情曲線,想預測疫情何時會見頂。
03
surge:to suddenly increase in value 急劇上升;飛漲;激增
e.g. 過去70年來,中國人均壽命從35歲提高到77歲,文盲率從80%降至6.7%,人均可支配收入增長約60倍。In the past seven decades, the Chinese people’s life expectancy has risen from 35 to 77 years, their illiteracy rate dropped from 80 to 6.7 percent, and their per capita disposable income surged almost 60 times.
04
extend:延長;使延期
e.g. extend a deadline延長最後期限
The show has been extended for another six weeks. 展覽會又延長了六周。
e.g. Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car. 精心保養可延長汽車壽命。
05
dwindle:to become gradually less or smaller (逐漸)減少,變小,縮小;強調變得越來越少終至全無
e.g. 如果中美貿易爭端延宕或升級,將扭曲全球產業鏈和供應鏈,給跨國投資和貿易帶來風險,殃及世界經濟增長。if this bilateral dispute lingers on or escalates the global industrial and supply chains may tumble, cross-border investment and trade may suffer and world economic growth may dwindle.(將「殃及世界經濟增長」具體翻譯為世界經濟增長放緩)
e.g. As the Second World War recedes in time, and the number of Holocaust survivors dwindles, it falls to us to be ever vigilant.第二次世界大戰已經遠去,大屠殺倖存者日益減少,因此我們有責任時刻保持高度警惕。
06
halve :to reduce by a half; to make sth reduce by a half (使)減半
e.g. The company is halving its prices. 該公司正將產品半價出售。
07
plummet:to fall suddenly and quickly from a high level or position 暴跌;速降
e.g. As of January 30, the number of passenger trips plummeted by 84.1 percent to 15.13 million compared with the equivalent day last year. 截至今年1月30日,全國旅客出境遊人次降至1513萬人次,同比下降84.1%。
天上掉餡餅怎麼說
godsend:something good that happens unexpectedly and helps sb/sth when they need help 天賜之物;意外的好運;及時雨
e.g. 70年的成就,不是從天上掉下來的,更不是別人恩賜的,而是中國人民用勤勞和汗水、智慧和勇氣、改革和創新奮鬥出來的!The advances in China in the past 70 years are not a godsend, nor a gift from others. Rather, they are made by the Chinese people through vision, hard work, courage, reform and innovation.
e.g. This new benefit has come as a godsend for low-income families. 新到的救濟金是低收入家庭的及時雨。
e.g. The Web has been a godsend to me as a writer.對於像我這樣的作者來說,網絡簡直是天賜之物啊。
與godsend相似的一個詞是windfall
windfall:an amount of money that sb/sth wins or receives unexpectedly 意外獲得的東西;意外之財、橫財;
windfall字面意思是風吹落的果子,尤指蘋果。歐洲中世紀時,英國許多土地都掌握在貴族手中,包括大片的森林。這些私人森林專供貴族打獵之用。國王頒布了嚴厲的法令保護貴族的森林和野獸,平民不能拿走森林的一草一木。只有當風雨來臨時,他們才能撿吹落到地上的果子和折斷的樹枝。因此,本義為「蘋果等風吹落的果子」的 windfall 就演變成了「意外得到的好處」。
e.g. 這些成績不是天上掉下來的,也不是別人的恩賜施捨,而是全體中國人民披荊斬棘、銳意進取,一步一個腳印幹出來的。These achievements are neither windfalls nor hand-outs. They are the result of the persistent efforts of the Chinese people.
e.g. a windfall tax 暴利稅
以上。