演說者：Mary Roach
演說題目：關於性高潮的10個有趣事實！
中英文演講稿
All right. I’m going to show you a couple of images from a very diverting paper in The Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.I’m going to go way out on a limb and say that it is the most diverting paper ever published in The Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. The title is "Observations of In-Utero Masturbation." (Laughter)
好的。下面是幾張圖片，這些圖片來源於《超聲醫學雜誌》上發表的的一篇有趣的文章。恕我直言，我覺得這篇文章是《超聲醫學雜誌》有史以來最受爭議的文章。標題為《子宮內自慰觀察報告》。
Okay. Now on the left you can see the hand — that’s the big arrow — and the penis on the right. The hand hovering. And over here we have, in the words of radiologist Israel Meisner, "The hand grasping the penis in a fashion resembling masturbation movements." Bear in mind this was an ultrasound, so it would have been moving images.
好吧。左邊的是一隻手，在箭頭所指的地方。這個是陰莖。小手在其周圍徘徊。在這呢，我們看看，放射科醫師以色列·麥斯內，是怎麼說的吧，"手持陰莖的動作近似於自慰活動。"大家別忘了，這是張超聲波圖像。所以我們可以看到動態影像。Orgasm is a reflex of the autonomic nervous system. Now this is the part of the nervous system that deals with the things that we don’t consciously control, like digestion, heart rate and sexual arousal. And the orgasm reflex can be triggered by a surprisingly broad range of input. Genital stimulation. 性高潮是自主神經系統的反射作用。自主神經系統 掌管我們無意識控制的活動。比如，食物消化，心率，性衝動等。這個神經系統激起相關器官的反射作用 靠的是花樣繁多的輸入 陰部刺激。Duh. But also Kinsey interviewed a woman who could be brought to orgasm by having someone stroke her eyebrow. People with spinal cord injuries, like paraplegias, quadriplegias, will often develop a very, very sensitive area right above the level of their injury, wherever that is. There is such a thing as a knee orgasm in the literature.咄。此外，金賽採訪過一位婦女，這名女子僅靠撫摸眉毛就可以到到高潮。脊椎受傷的人，比如，下肢癱瘓，四肢癱瘓的人 身體部分區域會變得異常敏感 癱瘓部位以上，任何一個區域都有可能。文獻中還有記載過"膝蓋高潮"I think the most curious one that I came across was a case report of a woman who had an orgasm every time she brushed her teeth. (Laughter) This was something in the complex sensory-motor action of brushing her teeth was triggering orgasm. And she went to a neurologist who was fascinated. He checked to see if it was something in the toothpaste, but no — it happened with any brand. They stimulated her gums with a toothpick, to see if that was doing it. No. It was the whole, you know, motion. And the amazing thing to me is that now you would think this woman would like have excellent oral hygiene. (Laughter) Sadly she — this is what it said in the journal paper — "She believed that she was possessed by demons and switched to mouthwash for her oral care." It’s so sad.不過我所見過最為奇特的，是這樣一位女子，她每次刷牙都會達到性高潮。（眾笑）這還真是奇事一樁，光是刷牙的觸覺，就足以引發高潮，她跑去看神經科醫生，醫生對此很感興趣，他檢查牙膏，看看是不是其中的特殊成分有作用，但是，不管什麼牌子的牙膏都對該女子有效，醫生們用牙籤刺激她的牙齦，看看是否同樣有效，一點兒也不管用，要知道，是刷牙整個動作給她快感。讓我吃驚的是，我本以為她會有一口皓齒，（眾笑）可惜的是，聽聽一期醫學刊上的引言，"該女子自認被魔鬼附身，" "轉用漱口水來保持口腔衛生。"真是令人惋惜 。I interviewed, when I was working on the book, I interviewed a woman who can think herself to orgasm. She was part of a study at Rutgers University. You gotta love that. Rutgers. So I interviewed her in Oakland, in a sushi restaurant. And I said, "So, could you do it right here?" And she said, "Yeah, but you know I』d rather finish my meal if you don’t mind." (Laughter) But afterwards she was kind enough to demonstrate on a bench outside. It was remarkable. It took about one minute. And I said to her, "Are you just doing this all the time?" (Laughter) She said, "No. Honestly when I get home I’m usually too tired." (Laughter) She said that the last time she had done it was on the Disneyland tram.為了寫一本書，我採訪過一位女子，她僅憑意念就可以達到高潮，她是羅格斯大學（Rutgers University）研究計劃的一部分，研究人員一定會喜歡我這個採訪的。我在奧克蘭（加州第八大城市）一家壽司店和她會面，我問道"你能在這兒做嗎？"她回答"當然可以，但你要不介意，我們吃完飯再說好嗎？"（眾笑）後來，她向我展示她的特異，不過是在餐廳外的長椅上，真的是難以置信。總共一分鐘左右。事後我問她 "你是不是整天都這樣？"（眾笑）她答道"不，老實講，我每次到家的時候就已經筋疲力竭了。"（眾笑）她說距今天最近的一次，是在迪斯尼樂園的有軌電車上。The headquarters for orgasm, along the spinal nerve, is something called the sacral nerve root, which is back here. And if you trigger, if you stimulate with an electrode, the precise spot, you will trigger an orgasm. And it is a fact that you can trigger spinal reflexes in dead people — a certain kind of dead person, a beating-heart cadaver. Now this is somebody who is brain-dead, legally dead, definitely checked out, but is being kept alive on a respirator, so that their organs will be oxygenated for transplantation. Now in one of these brain-dead people, if you trigger the right spot, you will see something every now and then. There is a reflex called the Lazarus reflex. And this is — I』ll demonstrate as best I can, not being dead. It’s like this. You trigger the spot. The dead guy, or gal, goes … like that. Very unsettling for people working in pathology labs.除了脊神經，高潮的"總部"位於骶神經。就是這兒，要是你用電極刺激這兒，就是這兒，你就能引發一場高潮，同理，死人也會有脊髓反射，只要你用電極刺激。有一種死人，尚有呼吸的死人，腦死亡的人，在法律的定義下就是正式死亡。但靠呼吸機維持機體運轉，各個器官也供氧充足，以待器官採摘移植給他人，要是你刺激他們身體相應的區域，在這些屍體身上，你常常會看到，一種叫拉薩路反射（Lazarus reflex）的現象。我儘量向大家展示，儘量用我的活體展示，就這樣，刺激這兒 屍體，或男或女，就會……這樣 不過，多病例實驗室的人來說，有點驚悚Now if you can trigger the Lazarus reflex in a dead person, why not the orgasm reflex? I asked this question to a brain death expert, Stephanie Mann, who was foolish enough to return my emails. (Laughter) I said, "So, could you conceivably trigger an orgasm in a dead person?" She said, "Yes, if the sacral nerve is being oxygenated, you conceivably could." Obviously it wouldn’t be as much fun for the person. But it would be an orgasm — (Laughter) nonetheless. I actually suggested to — there is a researcher at the University of Alabama who does orgasm research. I said to her, "You should do an experiment. You know? You can get cadavers if you work at a university." I said, "You should actually do this." She said, "You get the human subjects review board approval for this one." (Laughter)要是能在死人身上激起拉薩路反射（Lazarus reflex），那有沒有可能在死人身上喚起高潮呢？我問了一個研究腦死亡的專家，史蒂芬妮·曼，她也大出意料傻傻的的回了我的郵件（眾笑）我問 "你能令人信服的，在死人身上激起高潮嗎？"她回到到"能，只要骶神經供氧充足，你可以令人信服的做到。"但顯然對於被試者沒有任何樂趣可言。"但高潮終歸是高潮–"（眾笑）然而，我推薦給一位研究者，一位阿拉巴馬大學的研究高潮的學者，我對她說，"你該做做這個實驗，要知道，在大學工作，弄到屍體輕而易舉 我說，"你該做這項實驗"她道"你該去弄人體試驗複查委員會的批准。"According to 1930s marriage manual author, Theodoor van de Velde, a slight seminal odor can be detected on the breath of a woman within about an hour after sexual intercourse.Theodoor van de Velde was something of a semen connoisseur.(Laughter) This is a guy writing a book, "Ideal Marriage," you know. Very heavy hetero guy. But he wrote in this book, "Ideal Marriage" — he said that he could differentiate between the semen of a young man, which he said had a fresh, exhilarating smell, and the semen of mature men, whose semen smelled quote, "Remarkably like that of the flowers of the Spanish chestnut. Sometimes quite freshly floral, and then again sometimes extremely pungent." (Laughter)根據上世紀三十年代婚姻指南手冊作者，西奧多·范·德·威爾德，交合後一小時內，女子口中會有一點精液的味道，西奧多 範·德·威爾德倒是個精液鑑賞家，（眾笑）要知道該人寫了一本名為《理想婚姻》的書，他可是異性戀的鐵桿主張者，但在《理想婚姻中》他寫道，他能辨別青年男子和壯年男子的精液，青年男子的精液有幾種新鮮，令人愉悅的氣息，而壯年男子呢，用他的話來說，"聞起來像極了西班牙慄子樹的花香"時有鮮花的芬芳，時而又有過於濃鬱。"Okay. In 1999, in the state of Israel, a man began hiccupping. And this was one of those cases that went on and on. He tried everything his friends suggested. Nothing seemed to help. Days went by. At a certain point, the man, still hiccupping, had sex with his wife. And lo and behold, the hiccups went away. He told his doctor, who published a case report in a Canadian medical journal under the title, "Sexual Intercourse as a Potential Treatment for Intractable Hiccups." I love this article because at a certain point they suggested that unattached hiccuppers could try masturbation. (Laughter) I love that because there is like a whole demographic: unattached hiccuppers. (Laughter) Married, single, unattached hiccupper.好吧，1999年，以色列國一男子開始打嗝，不幸的是就像眾多病例一樣，嗝打個不停，他試遍了朋友們推薦的方法，但作用一點沒起，日子一天一天過去。突然一天，這個男子當然還是不停的打嗝，和他的妻子做愛，這是奇蹟發生了，打嗝停止了 他告訴醫生，醫生把病例分析發表在加拿大一個醫學期刊上，題為《性交作為 頑固打嗝的潛在治療法》，我很喜歡這篇文章，因為某種程度上建議，單身打嗝病人去自慰來解決問題，（眾笑）我覺得這主意很妙，人口統計上的新一頁，單身打嗝病人，（眾笑）已婚打嗝病人，未婚打嗝病人，單身打嗝病人In the 1900s, early 1900s gynecologists, a lot of gynecologists believed that when a woman has an orgasm the contractions serve to suck the semen up through the cervix and sort of deliver it really quickly to the egg, thereby upping the odds of conception. It was called the "upsuck" theory. (Laughter) If you go all the way back to Hippocrates, physicians believed that orgasm in women was not just helpful for conception, but necessary. Doctors back then were routinely telling men the importance of pleasuring their wives. Marriage-manual author and semen-sniffer Theodoor van de Velde — (Laughter) has a line in his book. I loved this guy. I got a lot of mileage out of Theodoor van de Velde. He had this line in his book that supposedly comes from the Habsburg Monarchy, where there was an empress Maria Theresa, who was having trouble conceiving. And apparently the royal court physician said to her, "I am of the opinion that the vuLVa of your most sacred majesty be titillated for some time prior to intercourse." (Laughter) It’s apparently, I don’t know, on the record somewhere.在二十世紀，二十世紀初，眾多婦科病專家認為，當婦女經歷高潮時，子宮收縮能將精液吸入宮頸，並快速的將精子傳遞給卵子，這樣可以增加受孕機會，這個被稱作"上吸理論"。（眾笑）我們要是追溯到希波克拉底（古希臘醫師，西方醫學之父）時代，醫生們堅信，女性高潮，不僅對受孕有利，同時也是十分必要的。那時候，醫生都會按慣例告訴男子，取悅他們妻子的重要性，婚姻手冊作者兼精液探測器。西奧多·范·德·威爾德（眾笑）曾在書中這樣寫道，我真是太喜歡這個人了，西奧多·范·德·威爾德可真是個裡程碑式人物，他曾在書中這樣寫道，據說哈布斯堡君主國（包括了自1804年到1867年期間的奧地利帝國和1867年到1918年的奧匈帝國）女王瑪麗亞·特蕾西亞一直沒能懷孕，很明顯，皇家醫生會對她說"鄙人以為，您神聖的陰部，在交合前需要稍適愛撫一下。"（眾笑）很明顯，我也不是很清楚在哪，史料上應該會有記載。Masters and Johnson: now we’re moving forward to the 1950s. Masters and Johnson were upsuck skeptics, which is also really fun to say. They didn’t buy it. And they decided, being Masters and Johnson, that they would get to the bottom of it. They brought women into the lab — I think it was five women — and outfitted them with cervical caps containing artificial semen. And in the artificial semen was a radio-opaque substance, such that it would show up on an X-ray. This is the 1950s. Anyway these women sat in front of an X-ray device. And they masturbated. And Masters and Johnson looked to see if the semen was being sucked up. Did not find any evidence of upsuck. You may be wondering, "How do you make artificial semen?" (Laughter) I have an answer for you. I have two answers. You can use flour and water, or cornstarch and water. I actually found three separate recipes in the literature. (Laughter) My favorite being the one that says — you know, they have the ingredients listed, and then in a recipe it will say, for example, "Yield: two dozen cupcakes." This one said, "Yield: one ejaculate." This one involves men.馬斯特和強生（二者皆為美國性研究家）：現在我們來看看二十世紀五十年代。馬斯特和強生對"上吸理論"持懷疑態度，或者風趣點來說，他們要跟不買帳，所以，他們決定要名流青史，弄個究竟。他們找到若干女性作為研究對象，好象是五位，讓她們帶上子宮套，套中有人造精液，精液中又有放射線不透性物質，這樣可以在X光下成像，這可是上世紀五十年代，不管怎樣，這些女性受試者坐在X光儀器前自慰，以供馬斯特和強生觀察精液是否會被吸起。跡象表明，沒有任何吸起。也許你會想"人造精子是怎麼做的？"（眾笑）我知道，這兒有兩種說法，麵粉加水，或玉米澱粉加水，其實，我在文獻中找到三個獨立的配方。（眾笑）我最喜歡的一個是這樣的，要知道，各個成分都是列出來的，然後會，比如說，"該配方可供製作：12個紙杯蛋糕"，這個精液配方上可是"配方可供製作：一射精量精液"There’s another way that orgasm might boost fertility. Sperm that sit around in the body for a week or more start to develop abnormalities that make them less effective at head-banging their way into the egg. British sexologist Roy Levin has speculated that this is perhaps why men evolved to be such enthusiastic and frequent masturbators. He said, "If I keep tossing myself off I get fresh sperm being made." Which I thought was an interesting idea, theory. So now you have an evolutionary excuse.這兒還有一個高潮有助生育的說法，男性在其中也有分量，在女性體內存活了一周甚至更久的精子，會產生異變，這樣精子會比較難一頭衝進卵子。英國性學家羅伊列文，推測這可能是為何男子，會進化成喜歡高頻率自慰。他說到"要是我一直自慰 新鮮精子就會源源產生。"這個主意，不，理論，其實挺有趣的現在諸位，你們有了一個進化理論支撐的藉口啦Okay. (Laughter) Alrighty. There is considerable evidence for upsuck in the animal kingdom — pigs, for instance. In Denmark, the Danish National Committee for Pig Production found out that if you sexually stimulate a sow while you artificially inseminate her, you will see a six-percent increase in the farrowing rate, which is the number of piglets produced. So they came up with this plan, this five-point stimulation plan for the sows. And they had the farmers — there is posters they put in the barn, and they have a DVD. And I got a copy of this DVD. (Laughter) This is my unveiling, because I am going to show you a clip.好吧。（眾笑）好的。但是動物世界卻有明顯的上吸跡象，比如，豬在丹麥，丹麥國家豬繁殖委員會發現，要是母豬在人工配種時性喚起，產仔量會上升6個百分點，也就是說更多的小豬崽會出生，然後一個方案應運而生，為的是把豬的產仔量再提高5個百分點，宣傳海報貼滿了牲口棚，DVD分發給農民，我也有這DVD，（眾笑）這可是獨家揭露。我會放一小段視頻給大家So uh, okay. Now here we go in to the — la la la, off to work. It all looks very innocent. He’s going to be doing things with his hands that the boar would use his snout, lacking hands. Okay. (Laughter) This is it. The boar has a very odd courtship repertoire. (Laughter) This is to mimic the weight of the boar. (Laughter) You should know, the clitoris of the pig, inside the vagina. So this may be sort of titillating for her. Here we go. (Laughter) And the happy result. (Applause) I love this video. There is a point in this video, towards the beginning where they zoom in for a close up of his hand with his wedding ring, as if to say, "It’s okay, it’s just his job. He really does like women."好的，開始了，啦啦啦，去工作，看起來還有天真爛漫，接下來他會用雙手，不過公豬沒手，只能用鼻子，好吧，（眾笑） 就這樣，公豬的求偶節目有點奇怪，（眾笑）這是模仿公豬的重量，（眾笑）要知道，母豬的陰蒂在陰道內 所以，這對母豬來說還是有快感的，就這樣。（眾笑）結果皆大歡喜。（鼓掌）我很喜歡這視頻，視頻開頭還頗具教育意義，就在農民手部特寫那段，鏡頭給他手上的結婚戒指一個大大的特寫，好像想告訴觀眾"好吧，這是他的工作。他喜歡的還是人類女性"Okay. Now I said — when I was in Denmark,my host was named Anne Marie. And I said, "So why don’t you just stimulate the clitoris of the pig? Why don’t you have the farmers do that? That’s not one of your five steps." She said — I have to read you what she said, because I love it. She said, "It was a big hurdle just to get farmers to touch underneath the vulva. So we thought, let’s not mention the clitoris right now." (Laughter) Shy but ambitious pig farmers, however, can purchase a — this is true — a sow vibrator, that hangs on the sperm feeder tube to vibrate. Because, as I mentioned, the clitoris is inside the vagina. So possibly, you know, a little more arousing than it looks. And I also said to her, "Now these sows. I mean, you may have noticed there, The sow doesn’t look to be in the throes of ecstasy." And she said, you can’t make that conclusion, because animals don’t register pain or pleasure on their faces in the same way that we do. They tend to — pigs, for example, are more like dogs. They use the upper half of the face; the ears are very expressive. So you’re not really sure what’s going on with the pig.好吧，我住在丹麥時，招待我的女主人名叫安·瑪麗，我問她"為什麼我直接刺激母豬的陰蒂？為什麼我讓農民這樣做那？這不是5步中的一步嗎？"她答道，你一定要聽聽原話，我真是愛死這個了。她說"光是讓農民觸摸母豬的有陰部就夠困難的了， 就更別提陰蒂啦。"（眾笑）但是有點害羞但有雄心壯志的農民呢，可以買這個，這可是真的，母豬振蕩器，這東西連接著精子輸送管振動，原因呢，正如我所說的，母豬的陰蒂在陰道內，所以，這東西帶來的快感還是比表面上看起來的多得多的，並且，我問了女主人，"但是這些母豬，我的意思是，也許你也注意到了，這些母豬看起來不是很樂在其中啊。"她說"這麼說就沒道理啦，因為，你不能用人的標準去衡量豬，人會把痛苦或快感寫在臉上，但豬不是這樣的。豬呢，打個比方，更像狗，用臉的上半部分傳達信息，動耳朵就是很好的表現，所以，你也不能準確的把握豬的感受"Primates, on the other hand, we use our mouths more. This is the ejaculation face of the stump-tailed macaque. (Laughter) And, interestingly, this has been observed in female macaques, but only when mounting another female.另一方面，作為靈長類動物，我們人類更趨向於用嘴，這是藏酋猴射精時的面部表情，（眾笑）並且，有趣的是，這個表情也會在雌性藏酋猴臉上看到，不過是在它和另一隻雌性藏酋猴交尾時Masters and Johnson, in the 1950s, they decided, okay, we’re going to figure out the entire human sexual response cycle, from arousal, all the way through orgasm, in men and women — everything that happens in the human body. Okay, with women, a lot of this is happening inside. This did not stop Masters and Johnson. They developed an artificial coition machine. This is basically a penis camera on a motor. There is a phallus, clear acrylic phallus, with a camera and a light source, attached to a motor that is kind of going like this. And the woman would have sex with it. That is what they would do. Pretty amazing. Sadly, this device has been dismantled. This just kills me, not because I wanted to use it — I wanted to see it.馬斯特和強生在20世紀50年代決定，要研究透徹整個人類性反應鏈，從性衝動到高潮，從男人到女人，人體在期間的一切反應，對女性來說，這些反應都發生在體內，但這並沒有阻止馬斯特和強生的步伐，他們研製出一種仿真交媾儀，這東西基本上是個有攝像機的仿真陰莖連著一個馬達，這是一個陰莖，丙烯製作的，內嵌攝像機和照明部件，連接在一個這樣運轉的馬達上，然後，被試著與其性交，他們就是用這種方法，聽驚人的，可惜的是，這儀器被拆毀了，真是太令我難過了。我並不是想要一個，只是想親眼看看One fine day Alfred Kinsey decided to calculate the average distance traveled by ejaculated semen. This was not idle curiosity. Doctor Kinsey had heard — and there was a theory kind of going around at the time, this being the 1940s — that the force with which semen is thrown against the cervix was a factor in fertility. Kinsey thought it was bunk, so he got to work. He got together in his lab 300 men, a measuring tape, and a movie camera. (Laughter) And in fact he found that in three quarters of the men the stuff just kind of slopped out. It wasn’t spurted or thrown or ejected under great force. However, the record holder landed just shy of the eight-foot mark, which is impressive. (Laughter) (Applause) Yes. Exactly. (Laughter) Sadly, he’s anonymous.一個陽光明媚的一天，阿爾佛雷德·金賽（前面提及的美國性學家）決定，計算精子射出的平均距離，這可並非單為滿足奇思怪想，金賽博士聽說過，這樣一個理論，那時是40年代，精子射入宮頸的力度是確保生育的一大因素，金賽覺得這理論是空談，所以他要用實踐檢驗，他在實驗室聚集了300名男子，測量捲尺和攝像機，（眾笑）事實上他發現，其中四分之三的男子的精液，只是溢出，而非很有力的噴出射出，但是，有一個"冠軍"的"射程"竟達8英尺（約2.43米），挺驚人的。（眾笑） （鼓掌）是啊，沒錯，（眾笑）可惜的是，這些被試者是匿名的，他的名字沒有被提及His name is not mentioned. In his write-up, in his write-up of this experiment in his book, Kinsey wrote, "Two sheets were laid down to protect the oriental carpets." (Laughter) Which is my second favorite line in the entire oeuvre of Alfred Kinsey. My favorite being, "Cheese crumbs spread before a pair of copulating rats will distract the female, but not the male."Thank you very much.Thanks!在他的文章中，金賽沒提他的名字，金賽，寫道"兩張床單被鋪在地上以防沾汙地毯。" （眾笑）這是金賽所有文獻中，我第二最喜歡的一句話，我最喜歡的呢，是"把芝士擺在交媾的老鼠前，受吸引的是雌鼠而非雄鼠。"十分感謝，謝謝！Remark：視頻、演講稿均來源於TED官網，一切權益歸TED所有，更多TED相關信息可至官網www.ted.com查詢！
你說你喜歡雨，但是你在下雨的時候打開了傘