世界名著:《傲慢與偏見》英文原版 Chapter 10<1

The day passed much as the day before had done. Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley had spent some hours of the morning with the invalid, who continued, though slowly, to mend; and in the evening Elizabeth joined their party in the drawing-room. The loo-table, however, did not appear. Mr. Darcy was writing, and Miss Bingley, seated near him, was watching the progress of his letter and repeatedly calling off his attention by messages to his sister. Mr. Hurst and Mr. Bingley were at piquet, and Mrs. Hurst was observing their game.

Elizabeth took up some needlework, and was sufficiently amused in attending to what passed between Darcy and his companion. The perpetual commendations of the lady, either on his handwriting, or on the evenness of his lines, or on the length of his letter, with the perfect unconcern with which her praises were received, formed a curious dialogue, and was exactly in union with her opinion of each.

「How delighted Miss Darcy will be to receive such a letter!」

He made no answer.

「You write uncommonly fast.」

「You are mistaken. I write rather slowly.」

「How many letters you must have occasion to write in the course of a year! Letters of business, too! How odious I should think them!」

「It is fortunate, then, that they fall to my lot instead of yours.」

「Pray tell your sister that I long to see her.」

「I have already told her so once, by your desire.」

「I am afraid you do not like your pen. Let me mend it for you. I mend pens remarkably well.」

「Thank you—but I always mend my own.」

「How can you contrive to write so even?」

He was silent.

「Tell your sister I am delighted to hear of her improvement on the harp; and pray let her know that I am quite in raptures with her beautiful little design for a table, and I think it infinitely superior to Miss Grantley's.」

「Will you give me leave to defer your raptures till I write again? At present I have not room to do them justice.」

「Oh! it is of no consequence. I shall see her in January. But do you always write such charming long letters to her, Mr. Darcy?」

「They are generally long; but whether always charming it is not for me to determine.」

「It is a rule with me, that a person who can write a long letter with ease, cannot write ill.」

「That will not do for a compliment to Darcy, Caroline,」 cried her brother, 「because he does not write with ease. He studies too much for words of four syllables. Do not you, Darcy?」

「My style of writing is very different from yours.」

「Oh!」 cried Miss Bingley, 「Charles writes in the most careless way imaginable. He leaves out half his words, and blots the rest.」

「My ideas flow so rapidly that I have not time to express them—by which means my letters sometimes convey no ideas at all to my correspondents.」

「Your humility, Mr. Bingley,」 said Elizabeth, 「must disarm reproof.」

「Nothing is more deceitful,」 said Darcy, 「than the appearance of humility. It is often only carelessness of opinion, and sometimes an indirect boast.」

「And which of the two do you call my little recent piece of modesty?」

「The indirect boast; for you are really proud of your defects in writing, because you consider them as proceeding from a rapidity of thought and carelessness of execution, which, if not estimable, you think at least highly interesting. The power of doing anything with quickness is always prized much by the possessor, and often without any attention to the imperfection of the performance. When you told Mrs. Bennet this morning that if you ever resolved upon quitting Netherfield you should be gone in five minutes, you meant it to be a sort of panegyric, of compliment to yourself—and yet what is there so very laudable in a precipitance which must leave very necessary business undone, and can be of no real advantage to yourself or anyone else?」

「Nay,」 cried Bingley, 「this is too much, to remember at night all the foolish things that were said in the morning. And yet, upon my honour, I believe what I said of myself to be true, and I believe it at this moment. At least, therefore, I did not assume the character of needless precipitance merely to show off before the ladies.」

「I dare say you believed it; but I am by no means convinced that you would be gone with such celerity. Your conduct would be quite as dependent on chance as that of any man I know; and if, as you were mounting your horse, a friend were to say, 'Bingley, you had better stay till next week,' you would probably do it, you would probably not go—and at another word, might stay a month.」

「You have only proved by this,」 cried Elizabeth, 「that Mr. Bingley did not do justice to his own disposition. You have shown him off now much more than he did himself.」

「I am exceedingly gratified,」 said Bingley, 「by your converting what my friend says into a compliment on the sweetness of my temper. But I am afraid you are giving it a turn which that gentleman did by no means intend; for he would certainly think better of me, if under such a circumstance I were to give a flat denial, and ride off as fast as I could.」

「Would Mr. Darcy then consider the rashness of your original intentions as atoned for by your obstinacy in adhering to it?」

「Upon my word, I cannot exactly explain the matter; Darcy must speak for himself.」

「You expect me to account for opinions which you choose to call mine, but which I have never acknowledged. Allowing the case, however, to stand according to your representation, you must remember, Miss Bennet, that the friend who is supposed to desire his return to the house, and the delay of his plan, has merely desired it, asked it without offering one argument in favour of its propriety.」

「To yield readily—easily—to the persuasion of a friend is no merit with you.」

「To yield without conviction is no compliment to the understanding of either.」

「You appear to me, Mr. Darcy, to allow nothing for the influence of friendship and affection. A regard for the requester would often make one readily yield to a request, without waiting for arguments to reason one into it. I am not particularly speaking of such a case as you have supposed about Mr. Bingley. We may as well wait, perhaps, till the circumstance occurs before we discuss the discretion of his behaviour thereupon. But in general and ordinary cases between friend and friend, where one of them is desired by the other to change a resolution of no very great moment, should you think ill of that person for complying with the desire, without waiting to be argued into it?」

「Will it not be advisable, before we proceed on this subject, to arrange with rather more precision the degree of importance which is to appertain to this request, as well as the degree of intimacy subsisting between the parties?」

「By all means,」 cried Bingley; 「let us hear all the particulars, not forgetting their comparative height and size; for that will have more weight in the argument, Miss Bennet, than you may be aware of. I assure you, that if Darcy were not such a great tall fellow, in comparison with myself, I should not pay him half so much deference. I declare I do not know a more awful object than Darcy, on particular occasions, and in particular places; at his own house especially, and of a Sunday evening, when he has nothing to do.」

中文導讀：

《傲慢與偏見》是英國女作家簡·奧斯汀創作的長篇小說。

小說描寫了小鄉紳班納特五個待字閨中的千金，主角是二女兒伊莉莎白（Elizabeth）。她在舞會上認識了達西（Darcy），但是耳聞他為人傲慢，一直對他心生排斥，經歷一番周折，伊莉莎白解除了對達西的偏見，達西也放下傲慢，有情人終成眷屬。

這部作品以日常生活為素材，一反當時社會上流行的感傷小說的內容和矯揉造作的寫作方法，生動地反映了18世紀末到19世紀初處於保守和閉塞狀態下的英國鄉鎮生活和世態人情。《傲慢與偏見》多次被改編成電影和電視劇。

奧斯汀在這部小說中通過班納特五個女兒對待終身大事的不同處理，表現出鄉鎮中產階級家庭出身的少女對婚姻愛情問題的不同態度，從而反映了作者本人的婚姻觀：為了財產、金錢和地位而結婚是錯誤的；而結婚不考慮上述因素也是愚蠢的。因此，她既反對為金錢而結婚，也反對把婚姻當兒戲。她強調理想婚姻的重要性，並把男女雙方感情作為締結理想婚姻的基石。書中的女主人公伊莉莎白出身於小地主家庭，為富豪子弟達西所熱愛。達西不顧門第和財富的差距，向她求婚，卻遭到拒絕。伊莉莎白對他的誤會和偏見是一個原因，但主要的是她討厭他的傲慢。因為達西的這種傲慢實際上是地位差異的反映，只要存在這種傲慢，他與伊莉莎白之間就不可能有共同的思想感情，也不可能有理想的婚姻。以後伊莉莎白親眼觀察了達西的為人處事和一系列所作所為，特別是看到他改變了過去那種驕傲自負的神態，消除了對他的誤會和偏見，從而與他締結了美滿姻緣。伊莉莎白對達西先後兩次求婚的不同態度，實際上反映了女性對人格獨立和平等權利的追求。這是伊莉莎白這一人物形象的進步意義。

從小說看，伊莉莎白聰敏機智，有膽識，有遠見，有很強的自尊心，並善於思考問題。就當時一個待在閨中的小姐來講，這是難能可貴的。正是由於這種品質，才使她在愛情問題上有獨立的主見，並促使她與達西組成美滿的家庭。

在《傲慢與偏見》中，奧斯汀還寫了伊莉莎白的幾個姐妹和女友的婚事，這些都是陪襯，用來與女主人公理想的婚姻相對照。如夏綠蒂和柯林斯儘管婚後過著舒適的物質生活，但他們之間沒有愛情，這種婚姻實際上是掩蓋在華麗外衣下的社會悲劇。

《傲慢與偏見》於1813年問世。這本書在評論界得到歡迎，沃爾特·斯科特爵士讚揚奧斯汀「筆法巧妙」，「把平凡普通的事務和角色變得有趣」。

《傲慢與偏見》描寫中產階級男女的愛情與婚姻。在奧斯汀之前，18世紀後期的英國小說中有一股女性感情潮流，充滿傷心流淚的感傷情調和為憂鬱而憂鬱的嗜好。《傲慢與偏見》克服了這種傾向而接近於現代生活。她在小說中運用喜劇的手法表達對生活的嚴肅批評，探索女主人公從戀愛到結婚中自我發現的心理過程。女主人公和達西的婚姻是作者頌揚的「為天下有情人樹立一個榜樣」的幸福婚姻。

《傲慢與偏見》作品生動反映了18世紀末到19世紀初處於保守和閉塞狀態下的英國鄉鎮生活和世態人情，被英國小說家和戲劇家毛姆列為世界十大小說之一。

主要人物：

伊莉莎白（Elizabeth）

班內特家的二女兒伊莉莎白是這個家中最富智慧和最機智的人。伊莉莎白是本部小說中的女主角，也是英國文學中最著名的女性角色之一。她有許多值得欽佩的地方，正如小說中說的她可愛、聰穎、能和任何人優雅的交談。她的誠實、優雅、富有智慧讓她能夠從她所屬的社會階層的低俗、無聊中脫穎而出。然而，她犀利的語言和過早的對別人定論也導致了她的迷茫。伊莉莎白不是一個低俗的母親和一個冷漠的父親的複製體，也不是幾個行為荒誕姐妹的結合體，更不是勢力的女性的縮影，當她漸漸的看到達西先生高貴的品質的時候，她才發現自己對達西先生的錯誤認識。

達西（Darcy）

達西先生是一個富有、殷實、潘伯雷莊園地主家的兒子，也是伊莉莎白的男伴。他的出身高貴、物質財富豐富，但過於的驕傲和過於的看重自己的社會地位。他的傲慢使得他在開始的時候給伊莉莎白留下了不好的印象。伊莉莎白的拒絕使得他謙遜了起來。儘管伊莉莎白對他很冷漠，但是達西還是表達了他對伊莉莎白不懈的傾慕，證明了他對伊莉莎白的愛。

簡（Jane）和賓格利（Bingley）

簡是伊莉莎白的姐姐，賓格利是達西最好的朋友，而簡和賓格利的訂婚處在小說的中心位置。簡和賓格利第一次見面是在麥裡屯的舞會上，並且兩個人立即被對方吸引。他們的婚姻要比達西和伊莉莎白的靠前很多。他們的性格和天性中有很多相似的地方：都很受人歡迎、都很友善、外貌都很俊美，而且他們彼此已經把對方當做是自己一生的歸屬。

班內特夫婦（Bennet）

班內特太太（Mrs. Bennet）是一個愚蠢而且輕率的女人。對她來說毫無禮節與美德可言，而且她根本不關心女兒們的道德和思想文化的教育。她唯一的一個困擾就是如何把她的女兒全部嫁出去。她對女兒琳達的婚姻非常的滿意，卻絲毫不責難琳達的可恥的行為，也不為琳達給家庭造成的壞影響而擔憂。班內特太太的無修養也直接導致了伊莉莎白的屈辱，口無遮攔的行為也導致了簡和賓格利先生結婚之後搬離的發生。

班內特先生（Mr. Bennet）是個睿智的中年男人，他經常用諷刺、憤世嫉俗但是又很冷漠的口吻和其他人說話。班內特先生此生最大的錯誤就是在年輕的時候娶了年輕貌美但又毫無見識、心胸狹隘的這個妻子。他將自己沉浸在書籍當中，想讓自己心裡上離開這個家，忽視了對女兒們的教育。

創作背景：

《傲慢與偏見》是奧斯汀最早完成的作品，她在1796年開始動筆，取名叫《最初的印象》，1797年8月完成。她父親看後很感動，特意拿給湯瑪士·卡德爾，請他出版，但對方一口回絕，這使得他們父女非常失望。於是簡·奧斯汀著手修訂另一本小說《理性與感性》。1805年她父親去世後，奧斯汀太太帶著簡和她姐姐卡珊德拉搬到南安普頓。直到1809年定居在喬頓城其兄愛德華的漢普夏莊園之後，簡·奧斯汀才再度認真提筆。《理智與情感》修訂後她自費出書，銷路不錯。於是她重寫《最初的印象》，改名叫《傲慢與偏見》。

語言特色：

從總體上來說，《傲慢與偏見》中的主人公以貴族、中產階級為主，其受教育程度相對較高，對於他們來說，家族社交是其成長之中所必須要經歷的過程，因此，他們所說的話與普通階層相比具有一定的差異性，以完整的語言形式所表現。如在小說中，時常會出現「I do not」這一形式，而並非是常規形式的縮寫版，從這一方面可以看出，簡·奧斯汀在人物形象塑造中的語言用法極為講究。另一方面，簡·奧斯汀在《傲慢與偏見》之中的語言風格具有別樣化的特徵。第一，用詞精練準確。簡·奧斯汀在《傲慢與偏見》中營造是英國貴族與中產階級之問的愛情故事，因此，簡·奧斯汀所要表現出來的人物形象與其生活環境有著直接關係，不一樣的語言用詞能夠準確表現一個人的受教育程度、家庭教養，由此可見，精闢的語言用詞更加符合《傲慢與偏見》中的人物設定，突出小說整體的真實性；第二，句式的多樣化風格也能從層面凸顯《傲慢與偏見》中的人物形象，使得人物想像更加立體豐滿，契合讀者閱讀的審美需求，最大限度的表現簡·奧斯汀的文學創作功底。

作者簡介：

簡·奧斯汀（Jane Austen），1775年12月生於英國漢普郡的史蒂文頓，兄弟姐妹八人。父親在該地擔任了四十多年的教區長。母親出身於比較富有的家庭，也具有一定的文化修養。她在十三四歲就開始寫東西。1796年，21歲的奧斯汀寫成她的第一部小說，題名《最初的印象》。同年，她又開始寫《埃莉諾與瑪麗安》，以後她又寫《諾桑覺寺》，於1799年寫完。十幾年後，《最初的印象》經過改寫，換名為《傲慢與偏見》，《埃莉諾與瑪麗安》經過改寫，換名為《理智與情感》，分別得到出版。