原文譯文
*註：本文選自12月12日《經濟學人》
New school rules
學校新規
Black Lives Matter in Britain’s top public schools
在英國的頂級公立學校，BLM運動正在進行
Pupils and teachers drive changes, though some parents need convincing
學生和老師推動變革，但有的家長並不支持
1. JOSEPH SPENCE is everything one might expect from the master of Dulwich College. Hisdoctoralthesisdelvedinto 19th-century Irish Toryism, and his CV is a tour of Britain’s mostillustriousschools. But he is notraditionalist. Under his leadership, Dulwich offers pupilsunconsciousbias training and a history curriculum which aims 「toamplifythe voices of the colonised as much as the coloniser」. The hope, says Dr Spence, is to look beyond the conventional canon, although that 「doesn’t mean it has to disappear」, he reassures.
約瑟夫·斯賓塞是德威士學院院長的最佳人選。他的博士論文深入研究了19世紀的愛爾蘭保守主義，他自己也曾在英國最著名的學校求學。但他不是傳統主義者。在他的領導下，德威士學院為學生開設了無意識偏見培訓和旨在「強化殖民者和被殖民者聲音」的歷史課程。斯賓塞博士說，此舉意在超越傳統，但他也再三申明，這不是要「消滅傳統。」
2. Britain’s public schools were once proudbastionsof tradition—now they are trying to move with the times. Marlborough focuses on black history, filling its curriculum with 「as many diverse texts, guests and experiences as possible」. Harrow’s summer reading list includesvoguishtitles like 「White Fragility」 by Robin DiAngelo. Eton faces criticism for sacking a teacher who made a video arguing against 「radical feminism」 (the school insists the problem was the refusal to take it off YouTube).
英國公學曾一度是英國的驕傲，是英國傳統的活化石，如今，這些學校也在與時俱進。馬爾伯勒學校開始關注黑人歷史，在課程中加入了「儘可能多的文本，人物和歷史。」哈羅公學的暑期閱讀書目中加入了如羅賓·迪安吉洛的《脆弱的白人》等一些時下正火的書。伊頓公學因解僱了一名拍攝反對「激進女性主義」視頻的教師而備受批判（學校堅稱，解僱主要是因為該教師拒絕在YouTube上刪除視頻）。
3. Some of this reflects the schools』 intakes. More than a third of pupils at independent schools now come from ethnic minorities, up from a quarter a decade ago. Many are aware that they could be more welcoming. A survey by the African Caribbean Education Network, a group of black parents whose children attend private and grammar schools, found that 76% of their children have experienced racial bias.
這在一定程度上反映了學校的招生情況。現在私立學校超過三分之一的學生是少數族裔，而十年前少數族裔僅佔四分之一。許多人意識到他們應該被接受。非洲加勒比教育網絡組織的一項調查發現，76%的孩子遭遇過種族歧視。非洲加勒比教育網絡組織由一群孩子就讀私立學校和文法學校的黑人家長組成。
4. Change is pushed by pupils. Following George Floyd’s death in May, many petitioned for diverse curriculums. At Charterhouse, pupils formed the Unity Society, a safe space where they could discuss current affairs. Most teachers are happy to support these efforts, says Will Orr-Ewing of Keystone Tutors: 「These schools are run by liberals, for liberals.」
改革主要是由學生推動的。今年5月，喬治·弗洛伊德之死事件之後，很多人要求開設多樣化課程。在切特豪斯公學，學生們組成聯合社團，討論時事。私教機構私教機構Keystone Tutors的威爾·尤因說，很多老師都樂意支持學生們的這些活動：「這些學校是由自由主義者管理的，就該宣揚自由主義。」
5. Opponents think schools are frightened ofcensure. A recently departed Eton teacher says the Charities Commission, which requires schools to prove they provide a public good to enjoy tax advantages, has had a significant impact on their behaviour, as has growing political opposition to theircharitablestatus. According to the teacher: 「Suddenly every leading private school had anoutreachofficer whose jobit was to say, 『Look how much we care, look how liberal andinclusivewe are! Please like us! Please don’t beat us up!』」
反對者認為學校害怕譴責。一位最近離職的伊頓公學教師稱，英國慈善委員要求學校證明自己提供公共服務以享受稅收優惠，這對學校的行為產生了重大影響，而政治方面針對學校的慈善地位的反對聲音也越來越多。這位老師說：「突然之間，每一所私立學校都有了一個外聯工作人員，他的工作就是告訴人們：『看！我們多麼在乎公共事業，我們多麼自由，多麼包容！請不要責怪我們！』」
6. Parents are not entirely on board. When pupils at Benenden complained in October that their headmistress used a racialslurin a speech about diversity, parents backed the head. Yet even some sceptics may recognise the appeal. Top public schools offer good grades, and the opportunity to pick up knowledge that helps you get ahead in the world. Is knowing thelingoof much of society’s elite part of that nowadays? 「You bet,」 affirms one head teacher.
家長們並不完全支持改革。去年10月，博耐頓女校的學生抨擊校長在一次有關種族多元化的演講中使用了種族歧視的字眼，家長們對校長表示支持。然而，就連一些持懷疑態度的人可能也意識到了改革的吸引力。這些頂級公學會幫助人們取得好成績，還提供了獲取世界頂級資源的機會。了解當今世界精英的文化是這其中的一部分嗎？一位校長肯定地答道「當然。」
精讀解析
篇章結構
P1—P2：英國公學正在慢慢改變。
P3：英國公學改變反映出來的更深層次現象：英國公學中少數族裔人數變多。
P4—P5：學生和學校推動了這些改革。
P6：家長並不支持改革，但是改革真的有利可圖。
重點單詞
doctoral/'d kt r l/ adj. 博士的；博士學位的；有博士學位的n. 博士論文
【例句】
He wrote his doctoral thesis on electromagnetism.
他寫有關電磁學的博士論文。
delve/delv/ vt. 探究；鑽研；挖n. 穴；洞
【短語】
delve into 鑽研
【例句】
Many comedians have delve into the issue of self isolation.
許多喜劇演員都深入探討了自我隔離的問題。
illustrious/ 'l str s/ adj. 著名的, 傑出的, 卓越的
【例句】
He enjoyed a long and illustrious career as a radio producer.
他作為電臺節目製作人的生涯漫長而輝煌。
traditionalist/tr 'di n list/ n. 傳統主義者
【例句】
Traditionalists have been dismayed by the result.
傳統主義者對這樣的結果表示遺憾。
unconscious/ n'k n s/ adj. 失去知覺的；不知道的, 未察覺的；無意識地做出或說出的n.潛意識
【短語】
unconscious of 不知道；未發覺
collective unconscious [心]集體無意識
【例句】
I was unconscious of her presence.
我不知道她在場。
amplify/' mpl fa / vt. 放大, 擴大；增強
【例句】
Amplifier is electrical device which make sounds louder.
擴音器是一種使聲音放大的電氣裝置。
bastion/'b st n/ n. 稜堡；堡壘
【例句】
Football is a bastion of masculinity in this area.
在該地區足球是男子漢的天地。
voguish/'v ɡ / adj. 時髦的,一度流行的
【例句】
The menu here is a thrilling mix of tradition and innovation. Starters include voguish foie gras steeped in sake;
天地一家的菜單是令人激動的傳統與創新的融合。
censure/'sen / vt. 責難，責備n. 責難
charitable/'t r t b( )l/ adj. 行善的,慷慨施捨的；慈善的,仁愛的；寬厚的
【例句】
The land demised to a charitable institution.
土地被遺贈給慈善機構。
outreach/a t'ri t / v. 拓廣，延伸n. 擴大服務範圍；延伸，拓廣adj. 擴大服務的
【例句】
She had to outreach her opponent to win the fencing match.
要贏得這場擊劍比賽的勝利她就必須戰勝對手。
inclusive/ n'klu s v/ adj. 包括…的, 包括一切的；包括所述的限度
【短語】
inclusive of 把…包括在內
all inclusive 無所不包的；包括一切的；總括
【例句】
The bill is inclusive of the food and lodging.
帳單包括吃、住費用。
slur/sl / v. 含糊地發音；潦草地寫字；拖著腳走n. 汙點；誹謗；連音符
【例句】
He took the remarks as a slur on his reputation.
他把這些話當作是對他的名譽的中傷。
lingo/'l g / n. 聽不懂的話(指方言、術語等); 隱語;外語
【例句】
In music-business lingo, that means he wanted to buy the rights to the song and market it.
用唱片界的行話，就是他想買下那首歌曲的版權並推向市場。
- THE END -
堅持就會有收穫！