還記得去年的斷臂維納斯有多高嗎？今年高考數學除了天壇有多少塊磚，埃及金字塔也出現了。或許，明年即將高考的同學可以考慮一下艾菲爾鐵塔？或者是蒙娜麗莎的微笑。
藉此機會（蹭蹭熱點），我們就來看看，埃及金字塔裡面有啥東西？
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What's inside Egypt's Great Pyramid?
03:35來自LearnAndRecord
無注釋原文：
What's inside Egypt's Great Pyramid?
Encyclopaedia Britannica
When people think of the pyramids, their brains usually go straight to mummies and treasures.
They may think of a certain infamous golden sarcophagus or maybe of hieroglyphics coating the insides of big triangular walls. At about 450 feet tall, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the biggest pyramid in Egypt. So it must have a lot of cool stuff inside, right? Not exactly.
Most pyramids consist almost entirely of solid stone, and the Great Pyramid is no exception. But what it lacks in quantity, it sort of makes up in mystery. Like most Egyptian pyramids, the three pyramids of Giza are royal tombs.
The Great Pyramid, or Pyramid of Khufu, is the final resting place of the pharaoh Khufu, ruled in the 25th century BCE. It is the oldest and tallest of the three pyramids. It's made up of about 2.3 million blocks of limestone, and not much else. There's actually very little open space inside the Great Pyramid.
This diagram shows what we know to be in there. From the entrance, there's a passage with ascending and descending branches. The descending branch leads to an underground chamber, which is usually where pharaohs were laid to rest. However, this one appears to be unfinished.
Khufu's sarcophagus is in another chamber known as the King's Chamber, up the other passage and through the long, tall slanting Grand Gallery. The King's Chamber is lined with huge blocks of granite. All that's there now is a huge granite sarcophagus, which once housed the pharaoh's mummy. Sorry, hieroglyphics fans-- the walls are bare.
Above the King's Chamber are five compartments separated by huge slabs of granite. They probably help support the ceiling of the burial chamber. Below the King's Chamber and the Grand Gallery is a room known as the Queen's Chamber.
This room probably didn't hold any queens though. A pyramid was usually a tomb for a single person, Khufu's whose wives may have been entombed in small pyramids nearby. The Queen's Chamber is empty now, but that doesn't mean it's boring. There are tunnels leading from the north and south ends of the chamber, and nobody is quite sure what they're for.
Scientists and explorers started sending robots into the tunnels in the 1990s. In the early 2000s, a robot with a small, flexible camera brought back photos of a chamber with red hieroglyphs, somewhere around here. They haven't been deciphered yet.
As for treasures, whatever was inside the Great Pyramid was stolen long ago. But it still might have some mysteries for us to uncover. Scientists continue to map and explore the pyramid using various technologies, including infrared scanners, lasers, and cosmic ray detectors.
In 2017 it was reported that scientists using cosmic ray detectors had found a hidden chamber above the Grand Gallery. Nobody knows yet why it's there, but it's unlikely to hold any secret treasure. With the Great Pyramid, what you see-- namely rocks with a hardy dash of history and mystery-- seems to be what you get.
- ◆ -
含注釋全文：
What's inside Egypt's Great Pyramid?
Encyclopaedia Britannica
When people think of the pyramids, their brains usually go straight tomummies and treasures.
當人們提起金字塔時，他們的大腦通常會直接想到木乃伊和寶藏。
pyramid /prmd/
表示「（古埃及的）金字塔」，英文解釋為「a large building with a square or triangular base and sloping sides that meet in a point at the top. The ancient Egyptians built stone pyramids as places to bury their kings and queens.」
據維基百科（Wikipedia）：The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering present-day Giza in Greater Cairo, Egypt.
胡夫金字塔又稱吉薩大金字塔，是位於埃及吉薩三座著名的金字塔中最為古老也是最大的一座。
mummy /mm/
1）表示「木乃伊」，英文解釋為「A mummy is a dead body which was preserved long ago by being rubbed with special oils and wrapped in cloth.」如：an Egyptian mummy 一具埃及木乃伊。
2）表示「媽媽；媽咪」，英文解釋為「Some people, especially young children, call their mother mummy.」
They may think of a certain infamous golden sarcophagus or maybe of hieroglyphicscoating the insides of big triangular walls. At about 450 feet tall, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the biggest pyramid in Egypt. So it must have a lot of cool stuff inside, right? Not exactly.
他們可能會想到某個金色石棺，或者可能會想到覆蓋在大三角形牆壁內側的象形文字。吉薩大金字塔高約450英尺，是埃及最大的金字塔。所以它裡面一定有很多很酷的東西，對嗎？並非如此。
infamous
infamous表示「臭名昭著的，聲名狼藉的」，英文解釋為「famous for something considered bad」，infamous一詞很容易混淆，以為famous是「著名的」（well-known），infamous就是其反義詞，實際上infamous也是「著名的」，只是因為「something bad」而著名，同樣是well-known，只不過是for something bad而著名。
那麼，要說不出名，不著名呢？一種說法是unfamous，不過，這個說法比較爭議，不太被認可，不常用，通常你可以說not famous.
Unfamous is a somewhat controversial word. It means not famous or not widely known about or respected. It is controversial in the sense that some dictionaries from the United States recognize it as a word, but most spellchecks on computers do not. European dictionaries tend to not recognize it either.
sarcophagus
sarcophagus /sɑkfɡs/ 表示「石棺」，英文解釋為「A sarcophagus is a large decorative container in which a dead body was placed in ancient times.」
hieroglyphics
hieroglyphics /harɡlfks/ 表示「象形字；象形符號」，英文解釋為「Hieroglyphics are symbols in the form of pictures which are used in some writing systems, for example those of ancient Egypt.」
coat
coat作名詞，表示「大衣，外套」大家都比較熟悉，此處作動詞，因為穿衣服的時候實際上也是在給身體表面「蓋上」東西，所以可以引申為「給…塗上一層；（用…）覆蓋」的意思，相當於cover，英文解釋為「to cover sth with a layer of a substance」，如：cookies thickly coated with chocolate 外面塗有厚厚一層巧克力的曲奇，舉個：
A film of dust coated the table.
桌上覆蓋著一層灰塵。
電影《天倫之旅》（Stanno Tutti Bene）中的臺詞提到：l protected it with PVC coating. 但我用聚氯乙烯塗料做保護。
補充：
此處film也是熟詞僻義，表示「薄薄的一層；薄膜」（a thin layer of sth, usually on the surface of sth else），如：a film of dust 一層灰塵。
Most pyramids consist almost entirely of solid stone, and the Great Pyramid is no exception. But what it lacks in quantity, it sort of makes up in mystery. Like most Egyptian pyramids, the three pyramids of Giza are royal tombs.
大多數金字塔幾乎全部由實心石組成，吉薩大金字塔也不例外。但它數量之少，多少有點成謎。和大多數埃及金字塔一樣，吉薩的三座金字塔也都是王室陵墓。
美劇《絕望的主婦》（Desperate Housewives）中的臺詞提到：Rex and Bree Van de Kamp were no exception. 雷克斯和布裡·范德坎普也不例外。
The Great Pyramid, or Pyramid of Khufu, is the final resting place of the pharaoh Khufu, ruled in the 25th century BCE. It is the oldest and tallest of the three pyramids. It's made up of about 2.3 million blocks of limestone, and not much else. There's actually very little open space inside the Great Pyramid.
吉薩大金字塔，或稱胡夫金字塔，是法老胡夫的最後安息之地，法老胡夫統治於公元前25世紀。它是三座金字塔中最古老、最高的一座。它由約230萬塊石灰石組成，僅此而已。大金字塔內部實際上只有很少的空隙。
limestone
limestone /lamstn/ 表示「石灰巖」，英文解釋為「Limestone is a whitish-coloured rock which is used for building and for making cement.」
This diagram shows what we know to be in there. From the entrance, there's a passage with ascending and descending branches. The descending branch leads to an underground chamber, which is usually where pharaohs were laid to rest. However, this one appears to be unfinished.
此圖展示了我們所知道的內部結構。從入口開始，有一條帶有向上和向下兩個分支的通道。向下分支通向一個地下墓室，通常是法老安息的地方。不過，這個似乎還沒有完工。
passage
表示「段落，章節」大家應該比較熟悉，此處表示「過道；走廊」，英文解釋為「A passage is a long narrow space with walls or fences on both sides, that connects one place or room with another.」舉個：
He stepped into the passage and closed the door behind him.
他走進走廊，關上身後的門。
branch
表示「支流；支路；支線」，英文解釋為「a smaller or less important part of a river, road, railway/railroad, etc. that leads away from the main part」如：a branch of the Rhine 萊茵河的支流。
chamber
表示「（作特殊用途的）房間，室」，英文解釋為「A chamber is a room designed and equipped for a particular purpose.」如：a burial chamber 墓室。
pharaoh /fr/
表示「法老（古埃及國王）」，英文解釋為「A pharaoh was a king of ancient Egypt.」
Khufu's sarcophagus is in another chamber known as the King's Chamber, up the other passage and through the long, tall slanting Grand Gallery. The King's Chamber is lined with huge blocks of granite. All that's there now is a huge granite sarcophagus, which once housed the pharaoh's mummy. Sorry, hieroglyphics fans-- the walls are bare.
胡夫的石棺位於另一個被稱為國王室的墓室裡，從另一條通道上去，穿過長長的、高高的斜面大廊。國王室內襯著巨大的花崗巖塊。現在那裡只剩下一個巨大的花崗巖石棺，它曾是法老的木乃伊所在。抱歉，象形文字迷們... ...牆壁是光禿禿的。
slanting
表示「傾斜的；有斜度的」，英文解釋為「sloping in one direction」舉個：
Swiss chalets have steeply slanting roofs, so that snow does not settle on them.
瑞士木屋有十分陡的斜屋頂，所以雪不會堆積在上面。
granite
granite /ɡrnt/ 表示「花崗巖；花崗石」，英文解釋為「a type of hard grey stone, often used in building」。
house
作動詞，表示「是（某物）的貯藏處（或安置處）；收藏；安置」，英文解釋為「to be the place where sth is kept or where sth operates from」舉個：
The gallery houses 500 works of modern art.
美術館收藏了500件現代藝術作品。
Above the King's Chamber are five compartments separated by huge slabs of granite. They probably help support the ceiling of the burial chamber. Below the King's Chamber and the Grand Gallery is a room known as the Queen's Chamber.
國王室上方有五個隔間，由巨大的花崗巖板隔開。它們可能是用來支撐墓室的天花板的。在國王室和大長廊的下面是一個被稱為王后室的墓室。
compartment
表示「隔間」，英文解釋為「A compartment is one of the separate parts of an object that is used for keeping things in.」
slab
表示「（石、木等堅硬物質的）厚板」，英文解釋為「a thick flat piece of stone, wood or other hard material」如：a slab of marble 大理石板。
This room probably didn't hold any queens though. A pyramid was usually a tomb for a single person, Khufu's whose wives may have been entombed in small pyramids nearby. The Queen's Chamber is empty now, but that doesn't mean it's boring. There are tunnels leading from the north and south ends of the chamber, and nobody is quite sure what they're for.
不過，這個王后室可能並沒有任何王后。一座金字塔通常是一個人的墳墓，胡夫的妻子可能被埋在附近的小金字塔裡。王后室現在是空的，但這並不意味著它沒有用。王后室的南北兩端都有隧道，沒人知道它們是幹什麼用的。
entomb
表示「掩埋；埋葬；把（屍體）葬入墳墓」，英文解釋為「To bury or completely cover sb/sth so that they cannot get out, be seen, etc.; To put a dead body in a tomb」。
電影《變形金剛》（Transformers）中的臺詞提到：... would crush and entomb them, leaving no evidence. 會把屍體壓扁，不留任何蛛絲馬跡。
Scientists and explorers started sending robots into the tunnels in the 1990s. In the early 2000s, a robot with a small, flexible camera brought back photos of a chamber with red hieroglyphs, somewhere around here. They haven't been deciphered yet.
20世紀90年代，科學家和探險家開始將機器人送入隧道。在2000年代初期，一個帶有小型靈活相機的機器人傳回了帶有紅色象形文字的墓室的照片，就在這附近。不過，還沒有被破譯出來。
decipher /dsaf/
表示「破譯」，英文解釋為「If you decipher a piece of writing or a message, you work out what it says, even though it is very difficult to read or understand.」如：to decipher a code 破譯密碼。
英劇《神探夏洛克》（Sherlock）第一季中的臺詞提到：約翰 要想解開密碼， John, if we're going to decipher this code,
As for treasures, whatever was inside the Great Pyramid was stolen long ago. But it still might have some mysteries for us to uncover. Scientists continue to map and explore the pyramid using various technologies, including infrared scanners, lasers, and cosmic ray detectors.
至於寶藏，吉薩大金字塔裡的東西早就被偷了。但仍然有一些謎團需要我們去揭開。科學家們繼續利用各種技術對金字塔進行測繪和探索，包括紅外掃描儀、雷射器和宇宙射線探測器。
map
map作動詞，最直接的理解就是「繪製…的地圖；在地圖上標示出」，英文解釋為「To map an area means to make a map of it.」如：an unexplored region that has not yet been mapped 一個尚未繪製地圖的未經勘察的地區。
infrared scanners
紅外掃描儀
cosmic ray detectors
宇宙射線探測器
In 2017 it was reported that scientists using cosmic ray detectors had found a hidden chamber above the Grand Gallery. Nobody knows yet why it's there, but it's unlikely to hold any secret treasure. With the Great Pyramid, what you see-- namely rocks with a hardy dash of history and mystery-- seems to be what you get.
據報導，2017年，使用宇宙射線探測器的科學家在大長廊上方發現了一個隱藏的密室。目前還沒有人知道為什麼會在那裡，但不太可能藏有什麼秘密寶藏。對于吉薩大金字塔，你的所見--即帶有悠久歷史和神秘色彩的石塊，似乎就是你的所得。
dash
表示「少量，少許（添加物）」，英文解釋為「a small amount of sth that is added to sth else」舉個：
The rug adds a dash of colour to the room.
小地毯為房間增添了一點色彩。
電影《普羅米修斯》（Prometheus）中的臺詞提到：a dash of DNA and half a brain, right? 一小段DNA序列和好使的腦袋就行了
電影《布達佩斯大飯店》（The Grand Budapest Hotel）中的臺詞提到：It needs a dash of salt. 需要再加點鹽。
註：中文文本僅供參考，並非一一對應
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How the Pyramids Were Built (cr: It's Okay To Be Smart)