本次英語語法專題我們學習「幾組連詞的用法比較」,具體內容如下:
一、because,since,as,for
1)because是從屬連詞,意為「因為」。表示造成某種情況的直接原因,語氣最強,常用來回答由why引導的問句
例句:-Why didn't you come to my birthday party ?
你為什麼沒有參加我的生日聚會?
-BecauseI was too busy.
因為我太忙了。
例句:One travels more usefully when alone,becausehe reflects more.
一個人獨自旅行更有益處,因為他可以多一些思考。
2)since,as往往表示眾所周知的原因,常譯為「既然;由於」。Since從句通常位於主句之前,其語氣比as稍強
例句:Sinceyou come,wait for more time please.
既然來了,再多等一會兒吧。
例句:AsDavid had a passion for walking,we started off on foot.
由於大衛喜歡走路,我們就步行出發了。
3)as表示原因時,語氣比because和since都弱,引導的從句位於主句前後均可
例句:Asshe has nor car,she can't get there easily.
由於沒有汽車,她不能順利到達那裡。
例句:Asyou were out,I left a message for you.
由於你不在,我給你留了個紙條。
4)for是並列連詞,語氣最弱,對前面的分句加以解釋或表示推斷的原因,多用於書面語中。For所連接的分句只能位於句尾,前面用逗號分開
例句:The days are short,forit is now December.
白天很短,因為現在已經是十二月份了。
例句:If youth is the season of hope,it is often so only in the sense that our elders are hopeful about us;forno age is so apt as youth to think its emotions,partings,and resolves are the last of their kind.
如果說青春是希望的季節,那只能說年長的人對年輕人懷有希望;因為年輕人比其他任何年齡段的人更容易考慮情感和離別,他們最不願考慮的就是決心。
二、whether,if
用作從屬連詞時,whether和if都意為「是否」。一般情況下,他們可以互換,口語中常用if。但以下情況中,只能用whether:
1)引導主語從句置於句首時
例句Whetherit is true remains a question.
它是不是真的還是個問題。
2)引導表語從句
例句:The question is whetherit will rain.
問題是天會不會下雨。
3)引導同位語從句時
例句:There is a doubt whetherhe is fit for the job.
他是否勝任這份工作還是個疑問。
4)與or not緊接連用時
例句:Let me know whether or notyou can come.
請讓我知道你是否能來。
5)與動詞不定式連用時
例句:I couldn't decide whether to doit.
我拿不定主意是否要做這件事。
6)作介詞賓語從句時
例句:There has been no news about whetherthey have finished their work.
沒人知道他們是否已經完成了工作。
三、when,while,as
When,while,as作從屬連詞,都引導時間狀語從句,表示主句動作與從句動作同時發生。
1)when引導的從句可以用延續性動詞,也可以用短暫性動詞,而while和as引導的從句只能用延續性動詞
例句:If you smile whenno one else is around,you really mean it.
如果你獨自一人時笑了,那是真心的笑了。
例句:Youth is not like a new garment,which we can keep fresh and fair by wearing sparingly.Youth,whilewe have it,we must wear daily,and it will fast wear away.
青春並不像一件新衣,少穿幾次可以保持新度。我們一旦有了青春,就必須天天利用,因為它會很快消失。
2)while和as引導的從句的謂語動詞所表示的動作通常與主句謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生,而when引導的從句中的謂語動詞可以發生在主句的動作之前、之後,也可同時發生
例句:WhenI got to the station,the train had left.
當我趕到火車站時,火車已經開走了。
例句:When/While/Aswe were dancing,a stranger came in.
我們正在跳著舞時,一位陌生人走了進來。
例句:A man is not finished whenhe is defeated.He is finished when he quits.
3)強調主從句動作同時進行時,從句的時間概念淡化,主要表示主句動作發生的背景或條件,這時只能用as
例句:Asyears go by,China is getting stranger and richer.
隨著時間的推移,中國變得越來越富強了。
四、so that,so...that
1)so that是從屬連詞,意為「以便......;為了......」。引導目的狀語從句,從句中常用may,can,will等情態動詞。口語中有時也可省略that
例句:Work hard so (that)you can pass the exam.
你要努力學習,以便通過考試。
例句:He went by air so thathe might get there on time.
他乘飛機去,為的是能按時到達那裡。
2)so...that是關聯連詞,意為「如此......以至於」,其中that引導結果狀語從句
例句:Their city is sosmall that we can't find it on the map.
他們的城市那麼小,以至於我們在地圖上找不到它。
例句:Our souls are sostarved for that sense of awe,that encounter with grandeur which helps to remind us of our real place in the universe,that if we can't get it in church,we will search for it and find it some place else.
我們的靈魂渴望那種畏懼感,渴望遇到讓我們想起我們在宇宙中真正位置的那種壯觀,以至於如果我們在教堂裡尋不到它的話,我們就會尋找它,在別處某個地方找到它。
當so...that引導結果狀語從句時,從句若是否定式,常可與too...to結構轉換。試比較:
例句對比1:We were sotired that we couldn't go any farther.
We were tootired to go any farther.
我們累得走不動了。
例句對比2:The box is soheavy that we can't move it away.
The box is tooheavy for us to move away.
箱子太重,我們搬不動。
以上就是「幾組連詞的用法比較」,咱們一定要結合例句學習句法和語法,這樣更容易理解和實操英語!
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