Hello, I'm Mia, welcome to Oxford Online English!
In this lesson, you can learn about how to talk about and describe different foods in English.
大家好，我是 Mia，歡迎來到牛津在線英語！
在這節課上，你能學到如何用英語談論並描述不同的食物。
What kind of food do you like or dislike?
Do you like cooking, trying new recipes, or eating out?
你喜歡或不喜歡什麼類型的食物？
你喜歡下廚，嘗試新菜譜還是外食？
In this lesson, you can learn how to describe food in detail in English.
You'll see how to talk about food you like or dislike using clear, natural English.
在這節課上，你能學到如何用英語詳細地描述食物。
你將看到如何用清楚自然的英語談論你喜歡或不喜歡的食物。
Ready? Let's start!
準備好了嗎？我們開始吧！
Part 1: Where are we going for dinner? Imagine you're with your friends.
第一部分：我們去哪裡吃晚餐？想像一下你和朋友在一起。
You're all hungry and want to go to a restaurant, but you don't know which one to pick.
You're all very different and have different ideas on what you want to eat.
你們都很餓，想去一家餐廳吃飯，但是你們不知道要選哪一家。
你們的口味都很不同，而且對想吃的東西有著不同的想法。
You might say: "Where should we go?
There's a French restaurant on the square if you want a slap-up dinner.
你可能會說：「我們去哪兒？
如果你想吃一頓奢侈大餐的話，廣場上有一家法國餐廳。
That's quite expensive, though. We could go to that new Asian buffet place.
不過那裡相當貴。
我們可以去那家新開的亞洲自助餐廳。
They do Chinese-Vietnamese-Thai fusion; it's pretty good.
They'll definitely have veggie options, too, in case you don't feel like meat.
他們融合了中國菜，越南菜和泰國菜，還挺不錯的。
那兒一定還有完全用蔬菜做成的食物，以防你不想吃肉。
Or, we could just go casual and get some fast food or street food, and find somewhere to eat outside."
Are you in the mood for something expensive?
或者我們可以隨便吃點，買點快餐或街頭小吃，然後找個地方坐在外面吃。
」你想吃點貴的東西嗎？
Then you would want a "slap-up dinner". A "slap-up dinner" is an expensive, formal meal.
那你想要的就是一頓「奢侈大餐」。
「奢侈大餐」就是一頓很貴，很正式的飯。
Maybe one of your friends wants something a bit different, something more adventurous.
You could suggest a "fusion restaurant".
或許你的一個朋友想吃點有些不一樣的東西，更新奇的食物。
你可以提議去一家「融合餐廳」。
Fusion is a mix of different foods from different cultures or countries.
A "buffet" is always a good restaurant to go to with friends.
融合烹調就是指把來自不同文化或國家的不同食物混合在一起。
「自助餐廳」總是很適合跟朋友們一起去。
You serve your own food and choose whatever dishes you want.
Most buffets are all-you-can-eat, which can be good value for money!
你自己去端自己要吃的食物，想吃什麼菜就可以選什麼菜。
大部分自助餐廳都是隨你吃到飽的，性價比很高！
Perhaps one of your friends is a vegetarian and wants to make sure there is something suitable on the menu.
You would need to find a place that has "veggie" options, too.
可能你的一個朋友是素食主義者，他想確保菜單上有合適的食物。
那你就需要找到一家也有「完全用蔬菜做成的食物」的餐廳。
Veggie means it's okay for vegetarians to eat.
The cheapest and fastest options are "street food" and "fast food".
完全用蔬菜做成的食物就是素食主義者可以吃的食物。
最便宜最快的選擇是「街頭小吃」和「快餐」。
Street food is food you can buy from a stall or a kiosk on the street, and it's usually cooked in front of you.
Fast food is usually fried, fatty foods that you can buy in cheaper restaurants, for example, burgers, chips, kebabs, fried chicken, and so on.
街頭小吃就是可以從街頭的小攤上或小亭子裡買到的食物，這種食物通常是當著你的面製作的。
快餐一般是高脂肪的油炸食品，可以在較便宜的餐廳買到，比如漢堡包，薯片，烤肉串，炸雞等等。
Part 2: Describing Tastes and Textures Okay, now you're in the restaurant.
第二部分：描述味道和口感 好了，現在你在餐廳裡。
Your food arrives, and your friend asks, "How's your food?"
What can you say to your friend?
你的食物端上來了，你的朋友問：「你的食物怎麼樣？」
你能回答你朋友些什麼呢？
Think about the last time you went to a restaurant.
How would you describe what you ate?
想一想你上一次去餐廳的時候。
你會如何描述你吃的東西？
Let's look at how you can describe tastes.
You might say something like: "This curry's very spicy!"
我們來看看如何描述味道。
你可以說：「這個咖喱非常辣！」
"The sauce is quite sour. Maybe they put vinegar in?"
「這個醬汁好酸。或許他們往裡面加了醋？」
"I don't like the vegetables. They taste bitter."
「我不喜歡那些蔬菜。吃起來太苦了。」
"I like the soup; it's salty!" "The chicken has a kind of sweet flavour."
「我喜歡這個湯，鹹鹹的！」「這個雞肉有種甜甜的味道。」
"Spicy"—you can also say "hot"—describes food with a lot of chili, which makes your mouth burn. For "sour", think of the taste of lemon.
「辣」（ spicy/hot ）描述的是加了很多辣椒的食物，它讓你的嘴巴像著了火似的。
「酸」的話，可以想一想檸檬的味道。
It's strong and acidic.
Some other kinds of fruit are sour, for example, lime and grapefruit also have a sour taste.
有一股很強烈的酸味。
還有一些其他種類的水果也是酸的，比如酸橙和葡萄柚也有酸味。
"Bitter" is the taste of black coffee, or dark chocolate. Bitter tastes are often unpleasant.
「苦」是黑咖啡或黑巧克力的味道。苦味通常蠻討人厭的。
"Salty" and "sweet" can be used to describe food which contain salt or sugar respectively.
Salty is usually used if food contains a lot of salt, so that you really notice the salt in the food.
「鹹」和「甜」可以分別用來描述裡面含鹽或含糖的食物。
通常只有食物中加了很多鹽時才用「鹹」來描述，因為這樣你才能真正注意到食物中的鹽。
Sweet can be used for almost any food with sugar, like ice-cream, cake, chocolate and so on.
Okay, now that we've looked at how to describe tastes, what about textures?
幾乎所有加了糖的食物都可以用「甜」來描述，比如冰淇淋，蛋糕，巧克力等等。
好了，現在我們已經講了怎麼描述味道了，那口感呢？
Texture is an important part of food.
Texture means how the food feels inside your mouth.
口感是食物的一個重要部分。口感指的是食物在你嘴裡的感覺。
For example, if you're eating a packet of crisps, you want them to be "crunchy", "crispy".
Both of these adjectives means that something has a hard texture when you bite into it.
舉個例子，如果你在吃一袋薯片，你希望它們是「爽脆」，「酥脆」的。
這兩個形容詞的意思都是當你咬某個東西的時候，它有一種硬硬的口感。
Crunchy and crispy foods are often noisy to eat!
These are all crunchy and crispy foods.
爽脆和酥脆的食物吃起來聲音通常都挺大的！
這些都是爽脆和鬆脆的食物。
Food which is under-cooked or dry can be chewy—you need to chew it for a long time before you can swallow it.
For example: "This pasta hasn't finished cooking, it's too chewy."
沒有煮熟或很乾的食物可能會很難嚼碎，需要嚼很長時間才能吞下去。
舉個例子：「這個意面沒有煮透，太難嚼了。」
"The fish was really chewy, they must have cooked it for too long."
For meat, you might use the word tough instead.
「這條魚非常難嚼，他們一定是煮的時間太長了。」
如果是肉，可以用「不嫩的」代替。
Meat which is old or overcooked is often tough, it's difficult to cut and chew.
For example: "This burger was left on the barbecue too long and now it's tough."
比較老的肉或煮過頭了的肉通常都不嫩，很難切，很難嚼。
舉個例子：「這塊漢堡肉烤的時間太長了，現在都不嫩了。」
Of course, when you're eating something like ice cream, you don't want it to be hard to eat.
If it has a really nice texture and it's very easy to eat, you can say it "melts in your mouth".
當然了，當你在吃像冰淇淋這樣的東西時，你可不希望它吃起來很硬。
如果它口感非常棒，而且吃起來很容易，那就可以說它「入口即化」。
This is a positive expression to describe soft textures.
You can use it for any fatty foods, including desserts, meat or fish.
這是個褒義的短語，表示口感很柔軟。
可以用它來形容一切高脂肪的食物，包括甜點，肉類或魚類。
For example: "These chocolate truffles just melt in my mouth."
"The chicken was cooked so perfectly, it almost melted in my mouth."
舉個例子：「這些巧克力松露入口即化。」
「這隻雞煮得恰當好處，幾乎入口即化。」
Part 3: Positive Vocabulary and Expressions We've looked at how to describe your food.
第三部分：褒義的詞彙和短語 我們講過了怎樣描述你的食物。
Now, imagine that you like your food very much, and you want to tell your friends how good your food is.
Of course, you can say that your food is delicious, but you should really have more words and phrases you can use.
現在假設你非常喜歡你的食物，想要告訴你的朋友它有多好吃。
你當然可以說你的食物很美味，但是你應該掌握更多可以使用的單詞和短語。
Imagine this is your dessert that's just arrived at the table.
It looks good, right?
假設這是你的甜點，剛剛端上桌的。
看上去不錯，對吧？
You could say: "It's really yummy!"
"That looks mouth-watering."
你可以說：「真的很好吃！」
「那看得讓人直流口水。」
"Mmm, scrumptious!" These mean it tastes good.
「嗯，好吃極了！」這些的意思是它很好吃。
Be careful using "yummy" as it sounds a little childish.
Of course, you can use it, but be aware that it has this association.
使用 "yummy" 這個詞的時候要小心，因為它聽起來有點幼稚。
你當然可以用它，但是要知道它還有這種關聯。
Other adjectives you can use that are more advanced are mouth-watering and scrumptious.
Both of these adjectives means that the dessert tastes really good.
可以用的更高級的其他形容詞是 "mouth-watering" 和 "scrumptious"。
這兩個形容詞的意思都是這道甜點非常好吃。
You can use these adjectives for any food, not just desserts.
Now imagine one of your friends has ordered a chocolate cake for dessert.
你可以用這些形容詞來修飾任何食物，不只是甜點。
現在假設你的一個朋友點了一個巧克力蛋糕當甜點。
You could tell them: "That chocolate cake is very rich." "Your cake looks really decadent."
你可以告訴他們：「那個巧克力蛋糕都是錢啊。」「你的蛋糕看上去太墮落了。」
If you order something that's very luxurious or is made very well, you use the adjectives decadent or rich.
We usually use these adjectives for desserts, usually those made with lots of heavy ingredients like butter or cream.
如果你點了非常奢侈的食物，或者製作非常精美的食物，那就可以用形容詞 "decadent" 或 "rich"。我們經常用這些形容詞形容甜點，
這些甜點一般是用很多厚重的食材做的，比如黃油或奶油。
If you're talking about something savoury, for example, a burger, when it's cooked well, you could say it's tender or juicy.
Tender is used to describe meat which is soft and easy to chew.
如果你在談論某種開胃的食物時，比如漢堡，當它被料理得很好時，你可以說它很柔軟或多汁。
"tender" 被用來描述很軟，易嚼的肉。
Juicy is also used for meat which is cooked well.
If you overcook meat, it can get dry and tough.
"juicy" 也被用來描述做得很好吃的肉。
肉煮的時間過長了就會變得又幹又硬。
Well-cooked meat should be juicy, which means it still has plenty of liquid inside.
For example: "This pork's amazing; it's really tender."
煮得好的肉應該是多汁的，也就是肉裡面依然有大量的肉汁。
舉個例子：「這個豬肉太好吃了，非常軟。」
"A good steak should be juicy when you cut into it." That's for meat, but what about vegetables?
「一塊好牛排在切的時候應該會流出很多肉汁。」那是形容肉的，但是蔬菜呢？
Salads or raw vegetables could be crisp or fresh. This means that the vegetables have a good texture and have not been sitting around for a long time.
沙拉或生蔬菜可能很脆或很新鮮。這個意思是這些蔬菜口感很好，並且擺在那兒沒多長時間。
For example: "I can tell my salad is really fresh from how crisp the lettuce is." Let's review these words and phrases.
舉個例子：「我可以從生菜的脆度判斷出我的沙拉非常新鮮。
」我們來回顧一下這些單詞和短語。
You can use yummy, mouth-watering and scrumptious to mean that something tastes very good. Tasty, heavy desserts, especially those made with lots of butter or cream, could be decadent or rich.
你可以用 "yummy"，"mouth-watering" 和 "scrumptious" 來表示某個食物非常好吃。
好吃的重甜點，尤其是那些用很多黃油或奶油做成的，可以用 "decadent" 或 "rich" 來形容。
Meat which is cooked well should be tender and juicy. If you're talking about salad, you would want it to be fresh and crisp.
煮得很好的肉應該用 "tender" 和 "juicy" 來形容。
如果你在談論沙拉，那就會希望它很 "fresh" 和 "crisp"。
Otherwise, you can of course use general words like delicious, tasty or great to describe food which you like.
Part 4: Negative Words and Expressions
要不然，你當然也可以用像 "delicious"，"tasty" 或 "great" 這樣的常用的詞來描述你喜歡的食物。第四部分：貶義的詞和短語
Now, I want you to imagine a different situation.
Pretend you went to a different restaurant.
現在我想讓你們想像一個不同的場景。
假裝你去了另一家餐廳。
This restaurant is not as good. The food is terrible!
那家餐廳沒有上一家那麼好。那裡的食物特別難吃！
So how do you describe something that tastes bad? You could use general negative adjectives like disgusting or revolting.
那麼你要如何描述味道很差的食物呢？你可以使用像「噁心」或「令人作嘔」這樣常用的貶義詞。
You could also say that "something turns your stomach".
These words have a strong meaning; you use them when something tastes extremely bad, or looks so bad that you can't possibly put it near your mouth.
你也可以說「某個食物讓你倒胃口」。
這些詞表示的意思很強烈，當你覺得某個東西味道極其差，或者看起來難吃到你都無法把它到嘴邊時，就可以用這些詞。
Imagine one of your friends has ordered a dessert. Have a look at this picture.
假設你的一個朋友點了一道甜點。看一下這張圖片。
You could say: "That dessert looks disgusting."
Or: "I wouldn't eat that, I'm sure it'd be revolting."
你可以說：「那個甜點看上去太噁心了。」
或者：「我不會吃它的，我敢肯定吃進去就會嘔出來的。」
Or: "Just looking at that turns my stomach."
But be careful using these words and expressions as they could be offensive, especially if you're talking about someone's cooking!
或者：「光看著它我就倒胃口了。」但是用這些詞和短語的時候要小心，因為它們會冒犯到別人，尤其你在談論別人親自做的飯時。
Another friend orders a curry, but they aren't happy with it.
They say: "This curry isn't spicy, it's bland and completely tasteless."
另一個朋友點了一道咖喱，但是他們對此不太滿意。
他們說：「這道咖喱不辣，很淡，而且完全沒有味道。」
Bland and tasteless have similar meanings.
They mean that the food doesn't have any flavour.
"bland" 和 "tasteless" 的意思差不多。它們的意思是這個食物沒有任何味道。
It's not disgusting; it just doesn't taste of anything.
Two of your friends have ordered pizza, chips and a steak.
它並不是噁心，但就是什麼味道都沒有。你的兩個朋友點了披薩，薯片和一塊牛排。
When it arrives at the table they discover it's been cooked badly.
They tell the waiter: "I can't eat this pizza, it's burnt."
食物端上桌時他們發現做得很不好。
他們告訴服務員：「我沒法吃這個披薩，都烤焦了。」
"You've overdone this steak. It's like an old shoe!"
「這塊牛排煎的時間太長了。像只舊鞋子一樣！」
"My chips are under-cooked. They're still cold in the middle."
「我的薯片是夾生的。中間還是冷的。」
If it's the cooking that's the problem with the food, we use the adjectives burnt or overdone to describe food that's been cooked for too long.
If the food hasn't been cooked for long enough, we would say it's under-cooked.
如果食物的問題在於火候，我們就可以用「焦了」或「煮得太久了」來描述煮的時間過長的食物。
如果食物煮的時間不夠，我們可以說它「夾生」。
If your food has been cooked with too much oil or fat, you could describe it as oily, greasy or fatty. Let's review.
如果你的食物在煮的時候加了過多的油或脂肪，你可以把它描述為「油多」，「油膩」或「高脂肪的」。
我們來回顧一下。
The phrase "turns my stomach" means that something looks and/or tastes really bad. You can also use the adjectives "revolting" and "disgusting".
"turns my stomach" 這個短語的意思是某種食物看上去或吃起來很難吃。也可以用形容詞 "revolting" 和 "disgusting"。
If you're describing food that's very plain and has no flavour, you can use the adjectives bland or tasteless. If you're describing food that's been cooked too long, we say it's burnt or overdone.
如果你在描述很淡，沒有味道的食物，那就可以用形容詞 "bland" 或 "tasteless"。
如果你在描述煮的時間過長的食物，我們用 "burnt" 或 "overdone"。
The opposite is under-cooked. Food with too much oil can be fatty, oily or greasy.
反義詞是 "under-cooked"。加了太多油的食物可以用 "fatty"，"oily" 或 "greasy"。
Now we've reached the end of our restaurant adventure,
I hope you have a good idea about how to describe food with interesting words and expressions. Thanks very much for watching!
現在我們的餐廳探險之旅即將結束，我希望你們了解了如何用有趣的單詞和短語描述食物。
非常感謝你們的觀看！
I hope that you have found it useful.
You can see more of our free lessons on our website: oxfordonlineenglish. com.
希望你們覺得這節課有用。
更多免費課程請登陸我們的網站：oxfordonlineenglish. com。
See you next time.
下次見。