文章結構句式
一、文章開頭句式：
1. When asked about…, the vast / overwhelming majority of most / many / quite a few people say / think / believe / answer that… But …
當被問及……時，多數（大多數、許多）人認為（回答）…… 但是 ……
2. Nowadays, it is commonly / widely / generally believed / thought / held that…, but I wonder / doubt that …
如今，人們普遍認為…… 但是我懷疑……
3. When it comes to…, some people think / hold / believe…
當提及……時，有人認為……
4. Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of… while others prefer…
基於個人經歷、個性類型和情感關注的不同，我們發現有人持……的觀點，而另外一些人則更喜歡……
5. Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to…
如同硬幣有正反面一樣， …… 也有積極的一面和消極的一面。
6. The problem of … has caused wide public concern over recent years.
近年來，……問題已經引起了廣泛的關注。
7. With the rapid growth of…,… have / has become increasingly important in our daily life.
隨著……的快速增長,……在日常生活中已經變得越來越重要。
8. Recently the issue / problem / question /of… has been brought into focus / brought to public attention / in the limelight / posed among the general public.
近年，…… 的問題已經成為人們關注的焦點。
9. Now there is a growing awareness / recognition of the necessity to…
如今，人們越來越認識到……的必要性。
10. After a good many years of efforts to / enthusiasm for…, people begin to…
經過許多年的努力/ 熱衷於……多年之後，人們開始……
11. What calls for special attention is that…
需要特別注意的是……
12. When asked whether it is advisable to…, different people have different things to say, but personally I don’t think it is wise to do so.
關於是否…… 這個問題，不同的人看法各異，但就我個人而已，我認為這樣做是不明智的。
13. We are often told these days that … But is this really the case?
近來我們經常聽說……情況真的如此嗎？
14. With…playing an increasingly big role in…, more and more…
隨著……在……中的作用日益重要，越來越多的……
二、文章結尾句式：
1. To sum up …can benefit us tremendously if wisely and correctly used.
總而言之，如果運用得當，……會讓我們受益匪淺。
2. Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that…
因此，不難得出以下結論……
3. Recognizing the fact that… should lead us to conclude that…
承認……這一事實，我們能得出以下結論……
4. The evidence upon all sides supports / confirms / leads to a sound conclusion / view that…
各方面的事實表明/可以得出這樣一個合理的結論（看法）……
5. From what has been discussed above / Based on the points discussed above, we may reasonably / safety / finally draw / arrive at the conclusion that…
綜上所述，我們能得出如下結論……
6. In summary / conclusion / a word, it is more important / valuable we should…
總之，我們應該……，這一點很重要。
7. Taking into account all of these factors，we may reach the conclusion that…
考慮到所有因素，我們得出結論，……
8. Obviously, if we ignore the problem…will be put in danger.
顯然，如果我們忽略了這個問題，……有可能會陷入危險境地。
9. In brief … But this problem is very complicated. Perhaps people can hardly rely on only one way to solve the problem completely.
簡言之，……但是這個問題很複雜。或許人們無法僅僅依靠一種方法來完全解決這個問題。
10. There is no doubt that / denying that adequate / immediate / special attention must be paid to the problem of…
毫無質疑我們應當充分（馬上、特別）關注…問題。
11. In a word, it is not worthwhile to think up counter-measures after things get worse; instead, it is more practical to …
總之，在情況惡化之後再去想應對措施是沒有價值的；相反地，現在……是更實際的措施。
12. To be sure, there may be difficulties we can not overcome, but if we…
確實，有些困難我們無法克服，但如果我們能夠……的話，……
13. There is no better time to act than right now, for you will never be offered a greater opportunity than you are at this time.
現在是行動起來的最好時機，因為你再也不會遇到一個比現在更好的機遇了。
14. The dilemma is something no one can avoid / duck / run away from. Properly handled, however, we will…
這一難題是任何人不可避免的。但只要處理得當，我們就會……
15. If we consider…, is it not appropriate that…?
如果我們考慮一下……難道不應當……嗎？
三、過渡和概括句式：
1. To understand the truth of…, it is necessary to analyze…
為了了解……的真相，有必要分析……
2. To get a full appreciation of what / how …, we must / have to turn first to …
為了充分理解……我們應該首先看一下……
3. To illustrate / prove / show this point, let me develop my argument…
為了說明這一點，首先來討論下……
4. But, you may ask, why is……important / indispensable / necessary?
但也許你會問，為什麼……很重要（必不可少、有必要）？
5. Another equally important aspect /function is…
另一個同樣重要的方面（作用）是……
6. Closely connected with / related to / associated with this factor is…
與這個因素密切相關的另一個因素是……
7. Besides / In addition to / Apart from this, other ways / aspects / functions are…
除此之外，另外一些方法（方面、作用）是……
8. Moreover, / Furthermore, / What’s more …
此外……
9. To prevent this phenomenon from worsening, what measures should be taken?
為了防止這種現象惡化，應該採取什麼措施？
10. There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the later one is more reasonable.
兩種觀點都有一定道理，但是，我認為後者更有道理。
11. To get a full understanding of the importance of…, we must first take a general look at…
為了充分理解……的重要性，我們應該從整體上看……
12. A study of…, perhaps, will make this point clear.
研究一下……的情況也許會說明這一點。
四、對比和對照句式：
1. The advantages gained in …outweigh / are much greater than the advantages we gain from…
……的優點遠遠超過我們從……中獲得的。
2. … bears startling / striking resemblances to…
……與……極為相似。
3. While on the one hand …；on the other hand…
一方面，……另一方面，……
4. Like / Similarly / Likewise / In the same way…
同樣，……
5. Although…enjoys a distinct advantage …
儘管……有明顯優勢，但是……
6. Many students like……Among them there are two types of attitude in… Some of them think that… Others, however, don’t think so. They feel that…
許多學生喜歡……關於……他們有兩種不同的觀點。有的認為……而另外一些則不同意這種看法。他們覺得……
7. Indeed … carries more weight than… when…is concerned.
的確，就……而言，……的重要性超過……
8. Serious as the problem may be, it pales / disappears into insignificance by comparison to…
問題可能很嚴重，但……相比就微不足道了。
9. Despite the fact that most of them like…, I would like to choose to…
儘管有許多人喜歡……我還是傾向於……
10. In contrast，…
比較而言，……
11. When the advantages and disadvantages are compared, the most striking conclusion / finding is quite obvious / self-evident.
比較一下優缺點，結論就不言而喻了。
12. There is no consensus of opinion among people as to the view of … Some people suggest that…, while others argue that… I agree with the later / former.
人們並未就……達成一致意見。一些人建議……而另一些則爭辯說……我比較贊成後者（前者）。
13. People differ greatly in their attitudes towards this problem. Some maintain that… Others, on the contrary, hold the opinion that… Personally, I stand on the side of…
人們對於這個問題的態度差異很大。有人堅持認為……與此相反，有人認為……就我個人而言，我站在……這一邊。
14. For most people today … has become their main source of … But as for me… should be regarded as a better source.
如今多數人將……作為……的主要來源。但就我而言，……應被看作一種更好的來源。
15. … may be superior to…, but it poses problems for those who…
……可能比……要好一些，但有可能給那些……的人帶來問題。
16. Different people have different ideas about…Some people take it for granted that… On the contrary, some other people think…
對於……的觀點因人而異。有人想當然的認為……相反，有人則認為……
17. This case has aroused echoes throughout the country with more and more people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely. Those who criticize / oppose / object to / are against… argue / hold that…, but people who advocate / favor / are for…, on the other hand, maintain / assert / claim that…
隨著越來越多的人加入它的行列，這一現象已經在全國引起巨大反響。然而人們對此的觀點卻迥然相異。反對者認為……但是另一方面，支持者則宣稱……
18. Many surveys show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to realize that… Meanwhile, many people still live under the traditional ideas that…
許多調查顯示越來越多的人開始意識到……同時仍有許多人的傳統觀點認為……
19. People differ in their opinions on…Some of them believe that…, while others deem that it…
人們對……持有不同的看法，有些人認為……有些人認為……
20. Serious as the problem may be, it pales / disappears into insignificance by comparison to…
問題可能很嚴重，但……相比就微不足道了。
五、承接轉折句式：
1. Although many people tend to live under the illusion that…, increasing evidences show that…
儘管許多人錯誤地認為……但是越來越多的證據表明……
2. But that’s only part of the story / explanation. Perhaps the most significant / remarkable thing about… is…
但這只是部分原因。或許，有關……最引人注目的是……
3. It is commonly believed that… is the inevitable result of… But on second thoughts, it doesn’t seem like this.
人們普遍認為，……是……的必然結果，但是仔細想想，事實似乎並非如此。
4. Despite / In spite of / For all the difficulty / problem / pressure …
儘管有困難（問題、壓力，……
5. On the other hand, / On the contrary, / By contrast …
相反，……
6. Given that it has played an important role in our life, it has also brought along with it the negative effects, for example…
儘管它的確在我們生活中起到很重要的作用，但它同時也帶來了一些負面影響，比如……
7. Rather than / Instead of…,…
不是……而是……
8. And the opposite is also the case.
反之亦然。
9. Some people argue / claim that… But more often than not, the opposite / reverse is usually the case.
有些人認為……而在許多情況下，事實正好相反。
10. We have been brought up to believe / myth that…Yet…
我們從小到大都相信這種說法……然而……
11. At first glance, it may seem a sound solution / suggestion, but on second thoughts, we find…
第一眼看起來，這似乎是個合理的辦法（建議），但是仔細考慮一下，我們就會發現……
12. There is probably an element of truth in the observations, but they ignore a deeper and more basic / important / essential fact…
可能這些話有一定的道理，但是他們忽略了一個更深層次和更為基本（重要、本質）的事實，……
13. It is true that…, but this is not to say…
……是事實，但是也不能說……
14. Given the fact that…, it by no means indicates that…
儘管……是事實，但是並不意味著……
15. In contrast with the drawbacks…,…can serve as a better solution for the problem of…
和……的缺點相比，……能為……問題提供更好的解決途徑。
16. Like anything else, it also has its own dark side, as evidenced in…
與其他任何事物一樣，它也有黑暗的一面，表現在……
功能性句式
六、描述圖表、圖片、數據句式：
1. The first graph shows us…, while the other shows that…
第一個圖表告訴我們……而另一個則顯示……
2. The table above shows…
以上表格顯示……
3. The first graph tells that… The second graph shows that… The reasons to explain this situation can be listed as follows.
第一個圖表告訴我們……第二個顯示……以下原因可以解釋這一情況。
4. It can be discerned from the table that…
從以上表格可以看出……
5. The number of… is three times as much as that of 2012.
……的數量是2012的3倍。
6. The figure of the first graph shows that… At the same time, the figure of the second graph shows that… The relationship between these two figures warns us that…
第一個圖表的數據顯示……而第二個說明……兩者之間的關係警告我們……
7. It accounts for…… percent of the total.
這佔了總數的百分之……
8. Like the bar chart shows, the number of… has dramatically increased / decreased during the… years from… to…
如柱狀圖所示，從……到……的……年間，……的數量急劇上升（下降）
9. From the graph, we know the statistics of… and… It can be seen easily that…
從圖表中我們可知…… ……的數據。可以很容易地看出……
10. During the period between… and…, …declined abruptly from… to…, while… increased sharply from… to…
從……到……這段時間裡, ……從……急劇下跌到……，反而……則從……顯著上升到……
11. Studying the table carefully, we can see clearly that…increase / decline from… to… and then to…
仔細研究圖表我們可以清楚地看出……從……增長到（下降到）……, 然後又到了……
12. Seen from the chart, it can be concluded that…
從圖表中，我們可以得出以下結論……
13. As is shown in the table, there exists a big difference between… and …
從表格中可以看出，…… 和 ……之間有極大的不同。
七、說明原因句式：
1. There are probably three / many / several / varieties of reasons / causes for this dramatic / significant increase / decline in…
引起……顯著增長（下降）的原因有三個（許多、幾個、很多）。
2. Some reasons can explain this trend. First of all … Secondly… Furthermore …
一些原因可以解釋這一趨勢。首先，…… 其次，…… 另外，……
3. Why…? For one thing, for another…
為什麼……？一方面，……另一方面，……
4. The causes for… are varied. They include… Perhaps the main cause is …
造成……的原因有好多，包括……主要原因可能是……
5. Perhaps the main / primary / fundamental / most important reason is…
也許，最主要（根本）的原因是……
6. The reason for this is not far to seek. The first reason is that… The second one is… The third is… For all this, the main course of… is due to…
這一問題的原因不難發現。第一個原因是……第二個原因是……第三個原因是……綜上所述，……最主要的原因應該是……
7. It is no easy task to identify the reasons for this phenomenon which involves several complicated factors.
要找出這一現象的原因並非易事，因它涉及若干複雜的因素。
8. Certainly … is not the sole reason for… is also responsible for the change / problem.
當然，……並不是唯一的原因。還有……也導致了這一變化（問題）的產生。
9. You don’t have to look very far to find out / identify the reason why…
你不必花費很大的力氣就會找到……的原因。
10. There are numerous reasons why…, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here.
……的原因有很多，這裡我只想探討其中幾個最重要的原因。
11. Thanks to / Owing to / Due to / Because of / As a result of… / Since
多虧，由於，幸虧
12. From my everyday experience and observation I can state several factors that defend the statement that…
根據我的日常經驗和觀察，我可以舉出幾個因素來證明……
13. The success / failure mainly stems / results / arises / comes from the fact that…
這一成功（失敗）主要源於這樣一個事實……
14. There are many reasons responsible for this instance, and the following are the typical ones. In the first place … In the second place…
導致這種現象的原因有很多，以下是其中比較有代表性的。第一個是……第二個是……
15. One may attribute / ascribe / owe the increase / decrease / change to…
人們可能將這一增長（下降、變化）歸因於……
16. Another reason why I disagree with the above statements is that I believe…
我不同意上述觀點的另一個原因是因為我相信……
17. We may blame / criticize… for…, but the causes / roots for the problem / phenomenon / trend go much deeper.
我們或許會批評……因為……但是這一問題（現象、趨勢）背後有更深層次的原因。
18. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involve…
任何對此問題的討論都不可避免地涉及……
19. Among the most sound / convincing reasons given / identified / advanced by people for…, one should be mentioned / emphasized.
在各種常為人們所道的理由中，應特別提一下……
20. There are many reasons explaining this case. As for me, I consider the following as the typical ones. To begin with … Secondly… last but not least…
有很多原因可以解釋該問題。就我而言，我認為以下原因比較典型。一個是……第二個是……，最後……
21. A number of factors could account for / contribute / lead to / result in the change of… Firstly… Secondly … Thirdly …
引起……變化的原因有好多，首先……其次……再次……
八、舉例論證句式：
1. There are many instances supporting my opinion.
有許多例子可以證明我的觀點。
2. The following story best illustrates the idea that…
下面這個故事很好地說明了……
3. Perhaps the most important example of… is…
有關……的最重要的例子可能是…..
4. A good case in point is …
一個很好的相關例子可能是……
5. Take … for example.
以 ……為例
6. As one writer / scientist / psychologist wrote / commented / pointed out / noted…
正如一位作家（科學家、心理學家）寫到（說到、指出）
7. This is a concrete example that…
這是一個有關……的具體例子。
8. Nothing could be more obvious / apparent than the evidence that…
再沒有比這個更明顯的例子了，……
9. I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the example of…
要說明這個問題，……是一個最好的例子。
10. The latest surveys conducted by… show / reveal / demonstrate / indicate that…
最近由……開展的調查顯示……
11. It is a commonly accepted fact that…
……是一個被普遍接受的事實。
12. It is said that…
據說……
13. No one can deny the fact that…
沒有人可以否認……的事實。
14. Talking about… the first thing may occur to you and me seem to be…
說到……我們首先想到的就是……
15. A common example, which is frequently cited, is…
一個被普遍引用的例子是……
16. Instances of the same sort might be quoted easily, but this will be sufficient to show that…
類似的例子不勝枚舉，但這一個就足以說明……
17. This provides a typical / striking / notable illustration / example of…
這是……典型的例子。
18. To the already familiar facts / example, a few more / a number of other example / facts may be added.
除了這些熟悉的例子，我們還可以舉出其他的一些例子。
19. As a case in point, we may take / see…
作為一個例子，我們可以看一下……
20. History abounds with the example of…
歷史上有許多……方面的例子。
九、預測趨勢和建議句式：
1. The significance of… can not be overvalued. It will…; it will…
……的意義再怎麼評價也不過分，它會……, 還會……
2. What will happen to…? Nobody really knows. But one thing is certain…
……會發生什麼事情？沒人確切知道。但有一件事可以肯定：……
3. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the payoff might be worth the effort. It will not only benefit… but also benefit…
也許這些措施並不能保證取得成功，但是值得一試。它不但會造福……,而且……也會受益。
4. To reverse the trend is not a light task. It requires a good awareness of…
要想扭轉這一趨勢並非易事。這需要充分意識到……
5. People are coming to realize the importance of… They have begun to try their best to… We believe that…
人們開始意識到……的重要性，正竭力……我們相信……
6. There is a growing tendency for people these days to…, which I believe will not change in a short time.
現在，人們……的趨勢正在增加，而且我認為短時間內這種趨勢不會改變。
7. Anyhow, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly…
不管怎樣，不管它的作用是積極的還是消極的，可以肯定的是它必將……
8. The influence of… has not been confined to… It also…
……的影響不僅僅限於……它還……
9. I suggest that…
我建議……
10. In short / In any case, we should / must / ought to…
總之（無論如何），我們應該（必須）……
11. While many people attach great importance to this issue, no real effective actions have been taken to solve it. Therefore, we should do our utmost in doing something to solve it.
儘管人們非常重視這個問題，然而並沒有採取真正有效的措施，因此，我們應該盡最大努力來解決這一問題。
12. Yet our job is not to wait these things to happen, but to devise a way to obviate them, at the very least, to alleviate them because God help those who help themselves.
然而我們的工作並不是坐等事情發生，而是想辦法來解決問題，至少減輕問題的程度，因為上帝只幫助那些自救的人。
13. What we need is…
我們所需要的是……
14. It is high time that… Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be taken immediately.
該是……的時候了。這裡有幾件事情可以立即著手執行。