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原文發表在《工礦自動化》2020年第11期,歡迎品讀。
目前,用於煤礦人員信息交互的通信手段主要有礦用調度電話、礦井廣播等有線方式和個人手持式電話系統(PHS)、4G、WiFi等無線方式。在遭遇瓦斯爆炸、粉塵爆炸、火災、突水、頂板冒落等災害時,通信線纜與設備終端易受衝擊破壞;無線電波易受複雜環境阻斷;當災害致使煤礦井下電力系統癱瘓時,依託電力支持的通信鏈路難以維繫,影響通信系統的正常工作,從而造成煤礦井下救援信息無法傳輸。光纖具有本質安全、無源傳輸、抗幹擾性強、靈敏度高、耐腐蝕、電絕緣、便於鋪設、易工程化等優勢,可擺脫電能束縛,在煤礦井下潮溼、地形多變、電磁幹擾、易燃易爆的複雜環境中穩定工作。因此,本文設計了一種煤礦光纖傳感應急通信系統,實現了礦井災後無電環境下對井下被困人員聲音信息的採集、傳輸和處理。該系統包含光纖聲音傳感子系統與硬體解調子系統2個部分:在井下巷道鋪設的光纜中加入光纖探頭,構建光纖聲音傳感子系統,偵聽巷道內被困人員呼喊、敲擊等聲音信號;硬體解調子系統放置於地面,用於提取並還原加載在光信號裡的音頻信息。
光纖聲音傳感子系統
引用格式
康志堅,張紅娟,高妍,等.煤礦光纖傳感應急通信系統設計[J].工礦自動化,2020,46(11):72-76.
KANG Zhijian,ZHANG Hongjuan,GAO Yan,et al.Design of coal mine optical fiber sensing emergency communication system[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2020,46(11):72-76.
作者聯繫方式
康志堅(1993-),男,山西太原人,碩士研究生,研究方向為電氣工程與智能控制,E-mail:18435175815@163.com。
責任編輯聯繫方式
胡嫻,E-mail: huxian@cari.com.cn
煤礦光纖傳感應急通信系統設計
Design of coal mine optical fiber sensing emergency communication system
【作者】康志堅1,張紅娟1,高妍1,王宇2,靳寶全2【Author】 KANG Zhijian1,ZHANG Hongjuan1,GAO Yan1,WANG Yu2,JIN Baoquan2【作者機構】1.太原理工大學 電氣與動力工程學院, 山西 太原030024;2.太原理工大學 新型傳感器與智能控制教育部與山西省重點實驗室, 山西 太原030024【Unit】1.College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
【摘要】針對煤礦井下發生瓦斯爆炸、突水等災害時造成斷電使通信中斷的問題,設計了一種基於煤礦井下既有光纜的光纖傳感應急通信系統,實現了礦井災後無電環境下對井下被困人員聲音信息的採集、傳輸和處理。該系統包含光纖聲音傳感子系統與硬體解調子系統2個部分:在井下巷道鋪設的光纜中加入光纖探頭,構建光纖聲音傳感子系統,偵聽巷道內被困人員呼喊、敲擊等聲音信號;硬體解調子系統放置於地面,用於提取並還原加載在光信號裡的音頻信息。光纖聲音傳感子系統採用ASE寬帶光源作為探測光,通過延遲光纖解決測量盲區問題,根據探測光的相位和光強變化與聲波信號的關係實現井下聲音信息採集;硬體解調子系統通過光電轉換模塊和音頻處理模塊對採集的聲音信號進行解調處理,對微弱信號進行提取放大。實驗結果表明,在10 km的測試距離內,該系統可檢測並提取距光纖探頭0~5 m、頻率範圍為0.3~3.4 kHz的聲音信號,精度為±0.5 Hz。【Abstract】In view of problem of communication interruption due to power outages when gas explosions, water inrush and other disasters occurred in underground coal mines, an optical fiber sensing emergency communication system based on existing optical cables in underground coal mines was designed to realize collection, transmission and processing of sound information of trapped personnel in underground coal mines without electricity after mine disater. The system includes two parts: the optical fiber sound sensing subsystem and the hardware demodulation subsystem. The optical fiber sound sensing subsystem is constructed by adding optical fiber probes to the optical cables laid in underground roadway to monitor sound signals of the shouts and knocks of trapped people in the roadway. The hardware demodulation subsystem is placed on the ground to extract and restore the audio information loaded in the optical signal. The optical fiber sound sensing subsystem uses ASE broadband light source as the detection light, and solves measurement blind area problem through the delay fiber, and underground sound information collection is realized according to the relationship between the phase and light intensity changes of the detection light and the acoustic signal. The hardware demodulation subsystem adopts photoelectric conversion module and audio processing module to demodulate the collected sound signal, extract and amplify the weak signal. Experimental results show that within test distance of 10 km, the system can detect and extract sound signals with frequency range of 0.3 -3.4 kHz and 0 -5 m away from the fiber optic probe, with an accuracy of ±0.5 Hz.
【關鍵詞】 礦井應急通信;井下聲音信息採集;光纖傳感;光纖探頭;聲音檢測;光電轉換【Key words】mine emergency communication; underground sound information collection; optical fiber sensing; optical fiber probe; sound detection; photoelectric conversion
【基金項目】山西省重點研發計劃項目(201803D121071);山西省科技成果轉化引導專項項目(201904D131022)
信息提供:胡嫻 圖文編輯:張聚
審 核:王暉
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