一「鎖」打盡
本文英文部分選自經濟學人Business版塊
The chimney is not the only way to get stuff into homes in time for Christmas
煙囪不是聖誕節前往家裡塞東西的唯一通道（還有送貨進門服務）
AFTER staying at home one afternoon for a delivery of discounted toilet disinfectant that never came, Valentin Romanov, a Stockholm IT manager, installed a special lock on his flat’s entrance. When no one is in, deliverymen unlock the door and slip packages inside. Four months on, Mr. Romanov has doubled his spending online and says he cannot imagine life without in-home deliveries. These are sweet words for delivery firms and online retailers, Amazon included, that are setting up partnerships with lock manufacturers to overcome a big hurdle for e-commerce.
一天下午，斯德哥爾摩的一名IT經理，瓦倫丁洛馬諾夫（Valentin Romanov）在家等待一個打折潔廁液快遞，但是快遞始終沒有到達，於是他在公寓入口安裝了一個特殊的鎖。屋裡沒人的時候，快遞員可以開門把包裹塞進去。四個月來，洛馬諾夫先生的網購開銷翻了一番，他說他不能想像沒有送貨進門服務的生活。這對於快遞公司和亞馬遜之類的網上零售商來說是喜訊，因為他們正在與鎖具製造商建立合作夥伴關係，以克服電子商務面臨的一個巨大障礙。
Conventional deliveries fail so often that a parcel is driven to a home an average of 1.5 times in the Nordic region, says Kenneth Verlage, head of business development at Post Nord, a logistics giant operating in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. It is an expensive inefficiency made worse, he says, by the fact that recipients have still often had to wait for a failed delivery. Some couriers leave packages on doorsteps, but this invites theft. Of 1,000 Americans surveyed this year byShorr, a packaging firm, nearly a third had been victims of 「porch piracy」, as this is known. Two-fifths avoid certain online purchases for fear of it.
物流巨頭Post Nord（瑞典郵政）業務範圍涵蓋丹麥、芬蘭、挪威、瑞典。其業務拓展總監Kenneth Verlage指出，在北歐地區，傳統快遞經常投遞失敗，一個包裹平均需要投遞1.5次。這樣的低效成本很高，更糟的是，收件人常常仍需要等待一個失敗的投遞。一些快遞員將包裹放在客戶的家門口，造成了失竊。根據Shorr(某一包裝公司)對1000名美國人做的調查，也如大家所知，今年有近三分之一的人成為了「門前盜竊」的受害者。其中，五分之二的人由於害怕再次遭竊，不再選擇線上購物。
A number of firms now sell wirelessly connected locks which a courier’s delivery staff can open using a passcode or smartphone app after the resident has issued a temporary authorization , before leaving home or remotely. Deliveries are filmed with an indoor security camera paired with the lock. The short videos are sent to parcel addressees and typically end, comically in Mr. Romanov’s view, with a jiggle of the door handle from outside to show that the departing delivery person has locked up.
現在許多公司出售無線連接鎖，住戶離開家前或通過遠程進行臨時授權後，快遞員即可使用密碼或智慧型手機應用程式打開鎖。快遞過程被與鎖相配套的室內安全攝像頭一起拍攝下來。這些短小的視頻被發送給包裹收件人，特別以從外面輕輕搖晃門把手作為結尾，以顯示離開的送貨員已經鎖上門，羅曼諾夫覺得還挺滑稽。
Amazon began offering in-home deliveries in 37 American cities in November. Shoppers who have had a special lock and camera installed (costing$199) can select in-home delivery at checkout. Like most firms offering the service, Amazon is tightlipped about user numbers. The boss of August Home, as an Francisco maker of in-home delivery locks, says that already hundreds of thousands of delivery drivers, dog-walkers, cleaners and Airbnb guests use its app keylessly to enter others』 homes.
在十一月，亞馬遜開始在美國的37個城市提供送貨進門服務。已經安裝了特殊門鎖和攝像頭（大約需花費199美金）的消費者可以在結帳時選擇送貨進門。像大多數提供送貨進門服務的公司一樣，亞馬遜對使用這項服務的用戶數量守口如瓶。舊金山專門生產這種用於「送貨進門」門鎖製造商，August Home的老闆認為已經有成千上萬的配送司機、遛狗師、清潔工和愛彼迎客人使用這種無需實體鑰匙的APP進入別人的家。
Offerings are multiplying. In 2018 August Home will go to Australia and Britain, and PostNord will launch in-home delivery in four Nordic countries. Walmart and Sears have tried it; Sears even tested unattended appliance repairs. Five logistics firms and two Swedish supermarket chains are trying or using locks from Glue, a firm based in Stockholm, for in-home deliveries.
以上服務供應正在成倍增長。2018年美國智能鎖公司August Home計劃將其業務拓展至澳大利亞和英國，同時物流公司PostNord也將在四個北歐國家推廣「送貨進門"服務。Walmart 和 Sears已經嘗試過了，Sears甚至已經測試了無人值守的電器維修服務。目前已經有五家物流公司和兩家瑞典的連鎖超市正在試用 Glue（公司總部位於斯德哥爾摩）製造的智能門鎖，用於「送貨進門"服務。
PS：August Home創立於2012年，主要業務為智能硬體零售，其最有名的產品是可以用手機開鎖的智能門鎖。August Home在產品上還陸續更新了可連接wi-fi的智能貓眼、智能密碼鎖和門鎖監控設備。
關於in-home deliveries（送貨進門服務）
Amazon opens door to in-home deliveries
http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001074816/en
Sceptics reckon these efforts will not amount to much. Plenty of consumers will be fearful about theft. Rhino Security Labs, a Seattle computer-security firm, claims it hacked into and shutoff the video in one Amazon lock-and-camera system. In-home deliveries are incompatible with burglar alarms. And what if an improperly fenced-off dog or cat slips outside? Or an heirloom on display gets knocked over? These are tricky questions. But e-commerce firms have un-locked harder ones.
懷疑論者認為，這些努力將不會有多大效果。許多消費者會擔心盜竊問題。西雅圖一家計算機安全公司犀牛安全實驗室（Rhino Security Labs）聲稱，它侵入並關閉了一個亞馬遜智能鎖和雲端攝像機系統中的視頻。送貨進門不僅與防盜報警器不相容，而且萬一不小心被圈養的狗或貓溜了出去？又或者一件傳家寶被撞倒了？這些都是棘手的問題了，然而電子商務公司已經開啟了一些更難解決的問題（火上澆油）。
翻譯組：
Tru，女，金融民工，經濟學人粉絲
Denise，女，學生，翻譯專業大三
Sybil，女，英專大四在讀，Catti三級
Grace，女，衛生民工，經濟學人粉絲
Louise，女，會計民工，經濟學人愛好者
Button，男，自由職業，經濟學人愛好者
Pamela，女，新聞民工，經濟學人愛好者
校核組：
Lulu ，女，金融民工，經濟學人粉絲
Vambie，女，網際網路民工，經濟學人粉絲