植物中的Δ12脂肪酸脫氫酶(FAD2)是油酸形成亞油酸的關鍵酶。利用生物技術手段降低FAD2基因的表達,從而增加油酸含量,是油料作物品質改良的重要渠道,該方案已經在大豆、亞麻薺、棉花、水稻等作物中得到了成功實踐。最近,廣東省農業科學院作物研究所花生研究室主任梁炫強帶領的研究團隊也通過同樣的方式改良了另一個重要的油料作物——花生。
研究人員利用TALEN介導的基因編輯技術,將花生中的Δ12脂肪酸脫氫酶編碼基因AhFAD2進行了精準突變,選取的兩個靶標區域的穩定突變效率超過9.52和4.11%。突變後的株系中油酸含量獲得了0.5-2倍的增加。
該研究為高油花生的培育以及花生基因組編輯育種提供了重要的參考。
Plant Molecular Biology, May 2018
TALEN-mediated targeted mutagenesis of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) promotes the accumulation of oleic acid
Author
Shijie Wen, Hao Liu, Xingyu Li, Xiaoping Chen, Yanbin Hong, Haifen Li, Qing Lu, Xuanqiang Liang*
*: Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China
Abstract
Transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs), which allow the precise editing of DNA, have already been developed and applied for genome engineering in diverse organisms. However, they are scarcely used in higher plant study and crop improvement, especially in allopolyploid plants. In the present study, we aimed to create targeted mutagenesis by TALENs in peanut. Targeted mutations in the conserved coding sequence of Arachis hypogaea fatty acid desaturase 2 (AhFAD2) were created by TALENs. Genetic stability of AhFAD2 mutations was identified by DNA sequencing in up to 9.52 and 4.11% of the regeneration plants at two different targeted sites, respectively. Mutation frequencies among AhFAD2 mutant lines were significantly correlated to oleic acid accumulation. Genetically, stable individuals of positive mutant lines displayed a 0.5-2 fold increase in the oleic acid content compared with non-transgenic controls. This finding suggested that TALEN-mediated targeted mutagenesis could increase the oleic acid content in edible peanut oil. Furthermore, this was the first report on peanut genome editing event, and the obtained high oleic mutants could serve for peanut breeding project.
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