Hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!
There are a lot of reasons why our stress levels have been on the rise lately.
嘿，我是 Emma，歡迎來到美味英語頻道！
我們的壓力水平因為很多原因最近一直在上升。
Our lives are incredibly busy, full of information, ambition, problems and challenges to overcome.
For me, for you, for all of us, it is so important to recognise stress and to try and manage it.
我們的生活異常忙碌，信息爆炸，雄心慢慢，需要克服的問題和挑戰。
對我，對你，對我們所有人來說，識別壓力並嘗試管理壓力是非常重要的。
It's also really important to talk about it with others and so that is exactly what this lesson is gonna focus on, thirteen common English expressions to talk about stress.
So get your pens out, get ready to take some notes.
與其他人談論壓力也很重要，所以這正是本課的側重點，十三個常用的談論壓力的英語表達。
請把筆拿出來，準備好做筆記吧。
I really want you to be thinking about how these expressions could apply to your life.
I'll be sharing idioms, verbs, phrases to help you explain and express stress, so let's get into it.
我真的很希望大家想一下這些表達方式如何適用於你的生活。
我會分享成語、動詞、短語來幫助你解釋並表達壓力，那就讓我們開始吧。
If you stop by my channel often, take a quick moment to hit that subscribe button down there, that would be so lovely of you.
Plus, that's the way that you'll see all of my lessons.
如果你經常在我的頻道逗留的話，請花點時間按下訂閱按鈕，那就真的太棒啦。
另外，這樣你就可以看到我所有課程啦。
I make new ones every week and by subscribing, you'll see them pop up in your feed here on Youtube.
Like I said earlier, we all live pretty busy lives.
我每周都會出新的課程，訂閱之後，你就會在 YouTube 上看到它們的彈出窗口啦。
就像我之前說的，我們所有人都過著忙碌的生活。
We work, study, family, responsibility, not enough money, not enough time, not enough sleep.
All of these things.
I'm certain that you have felt stressed at some point.
我們工作，學習，家庭，責任，錢不夠，時間不夠，睡眠不足。所有這些東西。
我確定在某些時刻你肯定感到壓力很大。
If not today, then yesterday or last week or maybe a few months ago and this is how we describe people when they're tired, anxious or grumpy because they just have too much going on.
We can feel stressed.
如果不是今天的話，可能是昨天，或上周，或幾個月前，這就是我們用來描述人們疲倦，焦慮或脾氣暴躁時的方式，因為他們的事情太多了。
我們會感到壓力。
We can look stressed. We can be stressed.
我們看起來壓力很大。我們可壓力山大。
And it's/strst/, not /strsit/, but /strst/. So I know that it's really odd to pronounce -ed as a T sound but that's a really common feature of English pronunciation.
發音是/strst/，不是/strsid/，而是/strst/。我知道 -ed 要發 t 的音很奇怪，但這是英語裡面非常常見的一個發音特徵。
When the consonant before -ed is an unvoiced sound like /s/. This is an unvoiced sound so -ed is then pronounced /t/.
當-ed之前的輔音是清音時，比如說/s/音。這是個清音，所以 -ed 會發生/t/的音。
Stressed.
This is true for the adjective and also for the past tense form of the verb 'stress' and I've got a whole pronunciation lesson about this actually, about past tense regular verbs.
壓力山大。
形容詞也是這樣的，動詞「stress」的過去時形式也是如此，我有一節關於這個的發音課，就是關於規則動詞的過去時形式。
You can watch it up here if you're interested to learn a bit more about it.
But it's also really common to hear "stressed out" and stressed out means exactly the same thing, the phrases are really interchangeable.
如果你感興趣的話，想了解更多，那就去看看吧，就在這裡。
但是，「stressed out」也很常見，它的意思是完全一樣的，這些短語可以互換。
Stressed. Stressed out. I'm always stressed out at the end of the month when our accounts are due.
壓力很大。壓力很大。我總是在月底感到壓力倍增，也就是我們的帳戶到期時。
Are you doing okay? You look a bit stressed.
你還好嗎？你看起來有點點壓力。
What's stressing you out? What is it that is stressing you out?
是什麼讓你感到壓力？是什麼事情讓你感到壓力？
We use this phrase in the past and the present to talk about what's causing stress, what creates stress.
For me, traffic always stresses me out.
我們會在過去和現在時使用這個短語，談論造成壓力的原因。
對我來說，交通總是讓我感到壓力。
Being in such a big crowd yesterday stressed me out. You're stressing me out!
昨天人太多了，我感到壓力很大。你在給我壓力！
I don't want to do it because I know it will stress me out.
So did you notice how with all of those examples, I was using them across tenses?
我不想這樣做，因為我知道它會讓我感到壓力。
你是否注意到了在所有這些示例中，我是用了不同的時態嗎？
It's a really useful expression to remember, to try and put into use.
Another synonym to describe how you're feeling when you're stressed is to be or to feel burnt out.
這是一個非常有用的表達，試著去用一用它吧。
另一個用來形容當你有壓力的時候自己的感受的同義詞是「to be」或者是「to feel burnt out」。
So when you're really tired and you're stressed because you've been working hard for way too long, you don't have any energy left to do anything else, that's when you're burnt out.
By the end of final exams, both the teachers and the students are completely burnt out.
所以當你真的很累，你壓力很大時，因為你努力太久了，你沒有任何能量做其他事情，那時候你就精疲力盡了。
到期末考試結束時，兩位老師和學生們完全精疲力盡了。
And you also hear the noun 'burnout' used for that complete exhaustion. You always want to try and avoid burnout right by taking time off and relaxing a little.
你還會聽到名詞「倦怠」，表示完全精疲力盡。你總是想要通過抽出時間放鬆一下來嘗試避免精疲力竭。
I feel like I've just created this whole lesson to offer advice to myself.
Try to avoid burnout. Don't get stressed out.
我覺得我出這節課程是用來給自己提供建議的。儘量避免倦怠。不要壓力山大。
Now when you're worried about lots of things you know you're thinking about them all the time, it's really distracting. You can't focus and you're really mentally tired.
當你擔心很多事情時，你知道你一直在考慮它們，這真的讓人分心。你無法集中精力，精神上真的很疲憊。
That is when you have a lot on your mind.
Okay, so you know if you forget something really important or you find yourself not listening or not paying attention to someone who's talking to you, then this can be a really good way to excuse yourself.
那就是你心事重重的時候。
好吧，你知道你是否忘記了什麼很重要的事情，或者是你發現自己沒有在認真聽，或者是沒有把注意力放到跟和你說話的人身上，那麼這可能是一個很好的藉口。
Don't take what he said personally. He's got so much on his mind at the moment.
不要太把他說的話往心裡去。他現在有點心事重重。
I'm sure he's just really stressed out. So a similar expression is 'to have a lot' or 'too much on your plate'.
我相信他真的壓力很大。
一個類似的表達是「have a lot」或「too much on your plate」。
So think about going to a buffet right and you've got your plate, you load up so much stuff onto that plate.
There's lots of delicious things that you want to try but you overdo it and everything starts spilling off the sides of the plate right.
想像一下你去自助餐吧，有個盤子，你往盤子裡裝了很多東西。
有很多你想嘗試好吃的東西，但是你有點過了，所有的東西都開始從盤子的一邊溢出來了。
So if someone asks you to do something extra, you know, on top of everything else you've got to do that day, you might even say "I'm sorry, I can't do it.
I've just got too much on my plate right now." Are you sure you want to volunteer at the local church?
因此，如果有人要求你做一些額外的事情，你知道，除了你自己當天要做的事情，你甚至可以說：「對不起，我做不到。
我現在要做的事情太多了。」
你確定要在當地的教堂做志願者嗎？
You've already got so much on your plate.
So again, when you feel stressed because you've got too much to do or too many responsibilities you're under pressure.
你已經有很多事情要做了。
同樣的，當你因為有壓力的時候，因為有太多要做的事，或太多要承擔的責任，那你就在承受著壓力。
Okay you can use this phrase on its own without any further explanation.
You can say "I don't know what's wrong with him.
好的，你可以單獨使用這個短語，不需要任何進一步的解釋。
你可以說：「我不知道他怎麼了。
I think he's under a lot of pressure at work."
You don't need to explain more detail or you can be more specific and include an action.
我認為他的工作壓力很大。」你無需解釋更多細節，你也可以更具體一些，把行為包括進去。
You can say 'under pressure to do something' you know to explain what is creating that stress and pressure. He's under pressure to get board approval by Wednesday.
你可以說「處於做某件事情的壓力之中」，去解釋造成壓力的原因。
他承受著在星期三之前獲得董事會批准的壓力。
It's also really common to hear that someone put another person under pressure.
My boss has put me under a lot of pressure to present the results by Friday.
聽到某人使另一個人承受壓力是非常常見的。
老闆讓我在在星期五之前展示結果，給我增添了很多壓力。
I just don't think we can do it. Do you feel under any pressure at the moment?
我覺得我們無法做到。你目前感到有什麼壓力嗎？
Is someone putting you under pressure? Tell me about it down in the comments below.
有人給你施加壓力嗎？在下面的評論中告訴我。
Okay so this is very similar to 'under pressure' but perhaps a little less formal, right.
If you're under the pump, it usually means that you have a specific task that you need to do and there's a limited amount of time that you have to finish it in, so there's urgency, right?
好吧，這與「承受壓力」非常相似，但也許沒有那么正式。
如果你正「處於水泵之下」的話，一般的意思是你有一項特定的任務需要去做，並且你完成它時間有限，所以很緊急吧？
It's not just that you have a lot of work to do but you also have a limited amount of time to get it done. I won't be home by five tonight.
不只是你有很多工作要做，而且完成它的時間也很有限。
今晚五點之前我不會回家。
I'm under the pump to get this report finished today.
This expression has some great imagery.
我今天需要完成這份報告。這個表達很有畫面性。
What happens if you burn a candle at both ends? Very quickly, there won't be any candle left, right?
如果蠟燭兩端都燃燒會怎麼樣呢？
蠟燭很快就會燒完吧？
So if you're waking up early, going to bed late in order to get more work done, then you are probably burning the candle at both ends and you're probably feeling exhausted and very quickly, you'll completely run out of energy and enthusiasm to get the task done right, so this expression is great for when you are doing a lot, you're still coping but right now you know that you can't continue to work at this rate for much longer, right?
You're burning the candle at both ends.
所以，如果你為了完成更多工作早起或晚睡的話，那麼你可能就是在「從兩端燃燒蠟燭」，你可能感到筋疲力盡，很快你就會完全耗盡去完成某個任務的精力和熱情，所以當你有很多事情要做時，你還要繼續應對，但是現在你知道你不能以這樣的速度繼續工作更長的時間的時候，這個表達是很有用的。
你正在過分地消耗自己。
Please try to take it easy over the weekend.
I'm worried you're burning the candle at both ends and we need you to perform at Monday's meeting.
請嘗試在周末放鬆一下。我擔心你在耗儘自己的能量，我們需要你在星期一的會議上作報告。
This is definitely not a good scenario when you overload your schedule and trying to finish everything but you completely exhaust yourself.
You burn yourself out by working too hard.
當你過度安排你的日程，嘗試完成所有事情，但是你完全精疲力盡並不是什麼很好的情境。
你工作過於努力，正在消耗自己。
That's when you're working yourself into the ground. Or you could say you're running yourself into the ground, it's the same thing.
你工作太拼命了。或者你可以說你太過拼命了，表達的是同樣的意思。
And interestingly this expression is usually reflexive so the subject and the object are the same. We say:
有趣的是，這種表達通常是反身形式的，所以主語和賓語是相同的。
我們說：
I ran myself into the ground. Or he worked himself into the ground.
我太拼命了。或者是他工作太拼命了。
I know I got sick because I worked myself into the ground.
And that's when you're at breaking point.
我知道我生病了，因為我太拼命了。
那就是你要達到臨界點的時候。
Oh no, you can tell that things are getting worse by the second here right?
This is bad when you've reached breaking point.
哦，不，你可以發現現在事情正變得越來越糟糕，對嗎？
當你到達極限時，這是非常糟糕的。
It's that moment when the build-up of stress is so big inside of you that you break.
For me, this usually ends up in a whole lot of tears and stressful crying.
就在那一刻，內心積攢的壓力實在是太多，以至於你無法忍受了。
對我來說，這通常會以很多眼淚和壓力過大的哭泣而收場。
Can you think of the last time that you were at breaking point?
Hopefully, it's not too recently or it doesn't happen too often but have you ever been at breaking point?
你能想起最後一次自己快要崩潰的時候嗎？
希望不是最近，或者並不會經常發生，但是你是不是曾經有過這種接近崩潰的時刻？
Let me know about it. To come apart at the seams.
告訴我吧。崩潰。
This is another really fun idiom to imagine.
So imagine a stuffed toy, one that's been loved for many years.
這是大家可以想像的另一個非常有趣的習語。
想像一下一個毛絨玩具，它已經被喜歡了很多年了。
He's very worn out and the seams, the stitching starts to come undone, and the stuffing starts to come out.
You know that he's not going to last for much longer right, eventually the whole thing falls apart and that is the feeling behind this phrase.
它已經破爛不堪了，而且接縫處已經開始鬆開，裡面塞的東西都開始露出來了。
它不能再持續更長的時間了，最終它完全分崩離析了，那就是這個短語背後的意思。
Everything is falling apart.
Everything's going wrong.
Our customer complaints are up thirty per cent since our manager resigned.
一切都分崩離析了。一切都出錯了。
自從我們的經理辭職之後，我們的客戶投訴上升了30％。
Everything is coming apart at the seams. So you can use this expression in your home life, personal relationships and also at work as well.
一切都在分崩離析。因此，你可以在家庭生活中、人際關係以及在工作中都使用這種表達方式，
It's really versatile. To snap.
它的功能非常多樣。崩潰，情緒失控。
This is a really great verb, it's a reaction to being stressed or under pressure right.
So stress sometimes causes us to lose control and we snap.
這是一個非常好的動詞，是承受壓力之後的反應。壓力有時會導致我們失去控制，然後我們就會崩潰。
In an instant, we're not our normal selves, we're annoyed, we're frustrated, we're angry. And if we snap at someone, we yell at them usually without warning, usually it's quite unfair.
在一瞬間，我們不是平常的自己了，我們很生氣，我們很沮喪，我們很憤怒。
如果我們對人氣衝衝地說話的話，意思是我們對他們大喊大叫，而且是在沒有任何警示的情況下，通常是相當不公平的。
Stop watching TV! You've done nothing else all day. That was me snapping at you because I'm stressed out.
別看電視了！你一整天什麼都沒做。
我氣衝衝地對你說話，因為我壓力很大。
I'm sorry I snapped at you. I've just had a really long day.
對不起，我對你厲聲說話了。我這一天過得太不容易了。
And an even more aggressive response would be 'to bite someone's head off'. Sounds dangerous.
而侵略性更強的反應是：「嚴厲斥責」。聽起來很危險。
Of course it's not a literal expression but it's a great way to say that someone's really freaked out and lost control because of stress.
They're annoyed, they're frustrated, they yelled at someone who was probably innocent and not asking for it.
當然，表達的並不是文字的意思，但這是描述某人由於壓力很大，所以大發雷霆，失去了控制。
他們很生氣，他們很沮喪，他們可能對無辜的人大喊大叫。
And it's like whoa, okay, calm down. My boss basically bit my head off when I tried to ask for an extension!
好的，冷靜一下。當我要求延期的時候，我的老闆對我大發雷霆。
It was a bit unreasonable.
So I hope that this lesson wasn't too stressful for you and that you did learn a few new and interesting expressions that you're able to practise and explore this week.
這有點不合理。我希望本課對你而言不會造成太大的壓力，也希望你確實學到了一些新的、有趣的表達，這周大家可以繼續練習、探索這些表達。
Now I know that I shouldn't be getting you excited about seeing someone stressed but try to look out for this type of behaviour this week.
You know if you see your boss or a family member stressed out about something see if you can apply some of these expressions you know.
我知道我不應該讓你看到某人壓力很大而感到興奮，但嘗試一下，在這周內尋找一下這種類型的行為。
如果你看見老闆或者是家人因為某些事情倍感壓力，看看你能不能應用這些表達方式。
Keep a notepad handy, a journal, just write them down.
If you're feeling stressed as well, it's actually good stress relief to write down and to vent and to let all these things go but try to use some of these expressions as you do.
隨身攜帶一個記事本，一本日記，把它們給寫下來。
如果你也感到壓力的話，把壓力寫下來、去發洩，把所有這些東西宣洩出來其實可以緩解壓力，但是請嘗試使用其中的某些表達式。
And for your final challenge today, I want you to choose three of the idioms or expressions that I shared in today's lesson and write a short paragraph using them down in the comments below this video.
I'm going to come down, check them out and give you some feedback if you need it very soon.
今天最後的挑戰，我希望你選擇三個我在今天的課程中分享的習語或表達方式，並用它們在此視頻下方的評論中寫一個簡短的段落。我會下去檢查一下的，並在需要時給你一些反饋。
Thank you for joining me. Like I said, I hope I didn't stress you out or you're not too stressed, but it is important to be able to talk about how you're feeling right.
謝謝大家參與到我的課程中。
就像我說的那樣，我希望我沒有向你施加壓力，你也不要感到壓力太大，但能夠去談論你的感覺其實是非常重要的。
Make sure you check back for new videos full of everyday useful English expressions just like these ones. I will see you in the next one.
一定要回來查看類似於這些的充滿日常有用的英語表達的新課程哦。
下節課見。
Bye for now!
再見啦！