2020年高考英語寫作新題型備考技巧
專題一 5種基本句型打好寫作基礎
5種基本句型複習
確保句子寫對、結構完整是寫作中最基本的要求。所以,要想完成寫作這棟高樓大廈,就一定先要把地基打好,即掌握好基本句式。否則再漂亮洋氣的作文也只能是空談。英語語言中,最基本的句型只有五種,其它各種複雜的從句、句式也都是從它們演變而來。
一. 主語+謂語(不及物動詞)
此句型中,主語只需要一個實意動詞就可以表達出完整的動作和意思。這類動詞為不及物動詞,後面可以接副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等結構。
1. The 13th National Games will take place in Tianjin at the end of August. (2017天津高考書面表達)
2. As is indicated in the graph, the box-office income of Chinese films increased from 2012 to 2015. (2017年江蘇高考書面表達)
3. Therefore, this new kind of shoes has come into being recently. (2014湖南高考書面表達)
二. 主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語
該句型的動詞為實意動詞,是由主語發出的動作,但是不能表達完整的意思,必須跟一個賓語,才能表達完整的意思。有時可以由不及物動詞加介詞構成及物動詞完成。賓語即為動作的承受者,可以有名詞、代詞、動名詞、不定式等來充當。
1. New members will receive extra guidance on Sunday mornings from 3:30 p.m. to 11:00 a.m... (2017全國卷書面表達)
2. We debated over what to put into the video. (2017北京高考書面表達)
3. Hopelessness and guilt quickly flooded her mind. (2016浙江高考書面表達)
4. It offered teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. (2015北京高考書面表達)
三. 主語+系動詞+表語
該句型主要是說明主語的身份、狀態、特徵,謂語動詞是系統詞,後面接的表語可以為形容詞、名詞、介詞短語、不定式、分詞、從句等。
1. We may feel at ease in our school uniforms every day. (2019年浙江高考書面表達)
2. The situation may not be that bad.(2016年浙江高考書面表達)
3. It’s great to hear from you! I feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history. (2016北京高考書面表達)
4. The 「Foreign Cultures」 section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.(2015全國卷書面表達)
四. 主語+謂語(及物動詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語
此句型中的謂語動詞需要跟兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。間接賓語通常是人,直接賓語通常是物。間接賓語可以放在直接賓語的前面;直接賓語也可以藉助to或for等介詞放在間接賓語前面。
1. I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture. (2018北京高考書面表達)
2. The purpose of my writing is to tell you that there will be an outing for us these days. (2017浙江高考書面表達)
3. I wish you success in your application. (2017年全國卷書面表達)
4. First, he showed us basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. (2015北京高考書面表達)
五. 主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+賓語補足語
該句型雖然用了及物動詞加賓語,但是還是不能表達完整的意思,需要加一個補充成分來說明賓語的情況,才能使意思完整。賓語補足語可以是名詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞等。
1. Therefore, I would like you to join our school’s table tennis team. (2017全國三卷書面表達)
2. I think it great fun to learn the poems written in the Tang Dynasty. (2017全國一卷書面表達)
3. As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject.